НАРОДНІ НАЗВИ ОБІГОВИХ МОНЕТ НА ПРАВОБЕРЕЖНІЙ УКРАЇНІ У XIX СТОЛІТТІ: СТУДІЇ З ІСТОРИКОНУМІЗМАТИЧНОЇ АНТРОПОЛОГІЇ
FOLK NAMES OF CIRCULATING COINS IN RIGHT-BANK UKRAINE IN THE 19TH CENTURY: STUDIES IN HISTORICAL AND NUMISMATIC ANTHROPOLOGY

Summary/Abstract: The purpose of the article is to study the folk names of circulating coins on the territory of Right-Bank Ukraine in the 19 century. Theoretical and methodological foundations of the study. The research conducted by the authors, on the basis of which this article is written, was implemented in the context of one of the methodological directions of postmodernism in historical science - the anthropological approach. This made it possible to study the mental attitude of the inhabitants of the Right-Bank Ukraine in the nineteenth century to circulating coins/accounting units and their perception. The anthropological approach combined with the use of a number of historical, numismatic and mathematical methods, in the authors' opinion, allowed to realise the defined research objectives. Scientific novelty. This is the first comprehensive study in historiography of the folk names of circulating coins in Right-Bank Ukraine in the nineteenth century. Conclusions. The analysis of ethnographic materials and works by Ukrainian writers of the 19 century, has shown that in the Right-Bank Ukraine, as well as in the whole of Naddniprianshchyna, there were folk names for circulating coins and banknotes, in particular, coins with a denomination of 1 ruble were mainly called ‘karbovants’, although its official name ‘ruble’ was used, 50 kopecks were called ‘half karbovanets’, ‘poltynik’, ‘poltina’, and rarely ‘kopa’, 25 kopecks were called ‘quarter’, 20 kopecks were called ‘dvuhryvenik’, 15 kopecks were called ‘zloty’, 10 kopecks were called ‘hryvnyk’ or ‘hryvnia’, five kopecks were called ‘pyatak’, and ½ kopeck was called ‘shak’. The existence of folk names for circulating coins and counting units in Naddniprianshchyna Ukraine has been traditional since the Middle Ages, and despite the efforts of the imperial assimilation policy of the Russian tsar, folk names were used by the inhabitants of Naddniprianshchyna in everyday life. A particularly striking example of such a folk name for a small circulating coin is ‘shak’, which, for example, was used in the Kyiv region even in the early 21 century, and the revival of the Ukrainian name for the smallest denomination of circulating coins in Ukraine ‘shak’ is an important element of the cleansing of our state from the Russian colonial past.

• Details
• Contents