NIEZALEŻNOŚĆ OD IMPORTU SUROWCÓW ENERGETYCZNYCH JAKO KLUCZOWY ELEMENT BEZPIECZEŃSTWA EKONOMICZNEGO PAŃSTWA. POLSKA NA TLE KRAJÓW UE
INDEPENDENCE FROM IMPORTS OF ENERGY RAW MATERIALS AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE STATE’S ECONOMIC SECURITY. POLAND IN COMPARISON WITH THE EU COUNTRIES

Summary/Abstract: Purpose – The aim of the article is to present the problem of energy security as a key element of the economic security of the state. The study presents methods of measuring energy security, and then the study analyzes the dependence on energy imports of the EU countries. A special place was devoted to the Polish economy – in the context of searching for an answer to the question of whether Poland has a chance to achieve independence from the import of energy resources in the coming years. Research method – The article uses the method of descriptive and explanatory research, mainly the analysis of Eurostat data, as well as the cause and effect analysis based on a review of the literature on the subject. Results – Presentation of Poland’s energy security in comparison with other EU countries, paying special attention to (no) dependence on imported energy resources. Originality/value/implications/recommendation – The article presents quantitative and qualitative methods of measuring energy security, and then presents a ranking of the EU countries from the point of view of the index of energy dependence on imports, de facto from Russia. Moreover, the paper indicates forecasts for the Polish economy in the context of its energy security

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