Друштвени идентитет учитељица у Србији 19. века
Social Identity of Female Teachers in 19th Century Serbia

Summary/Abstract: Social status of female teachers in 19th century Serbia was determined by the system of concepts and expectations of this profession, by the laws embodied with the ideas of makers of educational system in Serbia, by the place in bureaucratic aparatus of the state, which influenced the conditions of their work and life. Including women into this profession in the mid-19th century, and especcially the last decade marked for the first time women in the civil service, guaranteed pay and pension. These are the facts upon which the statement that special social identity was formed among female -teachers is based. At several points working identity of male and female teachers (it could be hardly spoken about the professional one) had common characteristics. The differences were established and regulated by law according to the gender roles. They considered places in the professional hierarchy, marriage and payment decrees. In the relationship between authorities and the civil servants, these differences served as a support to the older, traditional identities of housewife and mother. In the course of time more prepared and more educated teachers influenced their local communities, while personal identities of most of them originated from their profession.

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