Když nad Bosporem kvetly tulipány... Z kulturních dějin Osmanské říše 18. století
When Tulips Bloomed over the Bosphorus... From the Cultural History of the 18th-Century Ottoman Empire

Summary/Abstract: As tulips flourished along the Bosporus, the Ottoman Empire entered a remarkable period of cultural transformation that reshaped its relationship with Europe and redefined its artistic identity. This study explores the so-called Tulip Era during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III, a time characterized by intensified cultural exchange, artistic innovation, and growing openness to Western influences. Rather than representing mere decadence, as older interpretations often suggested, the period witnessed significant developments in painting, miniature art, poetry, music, architecture, and printing. European artistic models blended with Ottoman, Persian, and Chinese elements, creating a distinctive cultural synthesis that left a lasting impact on the empire. Prominent figures such as the painter Levnî and the poet Ahmed Nedîm contributed to a vibrant artistic atmosphere that celebrated beauty, pleasure, and everyday life. The establishment of the first Turkish printing press by İbrahim Müteferrika further facilitated the circulation of knowledge and European scientific ideas. Architectural projects, diplomatic contacts, and cultural initiatives reflected the Ottoman elite’s increasing engagement with Western models while preserving local traditions. Although the Tulip Era ended abruptly with the Patrona Halil rebellion of 1730, its cultural achievements survived and foreshadowed the broader modernization reforms of the nineteenth century. By opening new channels of communication between East and West, this period marked a crucial turning point in Ottoman cultural history.

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