Systemy gospodarcze reżimów autorytarnych
Economic Systems of Authoritarian Regimes

Summary/Abstract: This paper delves into the intricate issue of economic systems in authoritarian regimes, aiming to elucidate the multifaceted relationship between autocratic governance and economic development. To achieve this goal, a critical literature analysis and case study approach were employed, focusing on three countries: China, Russia, and Singapore. Methodologically, the study adopts an analytical and comparative approach, selecting diverse authoritarian regimes to discern commonalities and differences in their economic systems. The study acknowledges that authoritarianism significantly shapes economic policy, resource allocation, and developmental trajectories in a given country. Authoritarian regimes, characterized by centralized power and limited political pluralism, exert a substantial influence on the country’s economy. The analysis results indicate that economic systems in authoritarian regimes are not homogeneous but depend on specific characteristics and strategies of the ruling regime. Political decisions play a crucial role in shaping the economies of authoritarian states. Concentration of power enables effective control over resource allocation, implementation of industrial policies, and supervision of the public sector. The public sector, equally significant, often experiences direct influence from political decisions. Paradoxically, the political stability of authoritarian regimes may attract foreign investments, but this can lead to the entrenchment of certain economic structures at the expense of societal participation and civil liberties. The lack of active societal involvement in decision-making processes poses a significant challenge to the legitimacy of authoritarian rule. Additionally, a notable issue faced by authoritarian regimes is corruption, often stemming from excessive centralization of power and a lack of citizen oversight, serving as a significant barrier to sustainable economic development. Autocratic governments can either stimulate or impede economic development, depending on the balance between centralized control and economic flexibility. In the context of increasing global interconnectedness, understanding the economic structures of authoritarian regimes is crucial for gaining insight into the unique challenges and opportunities they present.

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