TRANSFERUL DE CĂLDURĂ ÎN CAZUL INCENDIILOR LA FAȚADE VENTILATE CU MATERIALE CU SCHIMBARE DE FAZĂ
HEAT TRANSFER IN FIRES ON VENTILATED FAÇADES WITH PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS

Summary/Abstract: This article analyzes the interaction between ventilated façades and phase change materials (PCM) in the context of fire safety and building energy efficiency. Ventilated façades provide high thermal comfort and reduce energy losses by creating an air cavity between the exterior layer and the thermal insulation. However, their structure can favor rapid fire spread through the chimney effect. The article presents the main heat transfer mechanisms in ventilated façades — conduction, convection, and radiation — and discusses the properties of PCM, including thermal storage capacity, conductivity, and high-temperature stability. The analysis highlights the benefits of PCM for energy efficiency, as well as the fire-related risks, especially for organic materials, emphasizing the importance of encapsulation and fire-resistant barriers. The study provides an integrated perspective on how PCM can be used to enhance the thermal performance of ventilated façades without compromising fire safety, serving as a foundation for designing sustainable and safe buildings.

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