Początki hetmaństwa Hieronima Augustyna Lubomirskiego. Kilka uwag na marginesie dwóch uniwersałów Lubomirskiego z 1702 r. z kolekcji dr. Tomasza Niewodniczańskiego
THE BEGINNINGS OF THE HETMANSHIP OF HIERONIM AUGUSTYN LUBOMIRSKI: SEVERAL REMARKS ON THE MARGINS OF LUBOMIRSKI’S TWO UNIVERSALS FROM 1702, FROM THE COLLECTION OF DR TOMASZ NIEWODNICZAŃSKI

Summary/Abstract: In 1702, when the Swedes advanced deep into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, theCrown army totalled mere 18,000 soldiers, and significant changes occurred within its command.Following the death of the Grand Hetman of the Crown, Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski,and his successor Szczęsny Kazimierz Potocki—who held the office for two weeks only—HieronimAugustyn Lubomirski was appointed the new Grand Hetman of the Crown. Althoughhe was not a supporter of the King, Augustus II elevated him to this position not only in anattempt to win him over, but also because, among the contemporary officers representing thesocial and political elite, Lubomirski possessed the greatest military experience and record ofachievement. As a newly appointed hetman, he initially proved to be an efficient administrator.On 17 and 28 May, he issued two universals to the Crown army, urging troops to assemblepromptly in the camp. As a result of his efforts, the Crown cavalry was ready to march by 3 Julyin order to confront the Swedes. Alas, during the Battle of Kliszów on 19 July 1702, Lubomirskisquandered his organizational achievements by fleeing the battlefield. This episode marked themere beginning of his subsequent military and political failures.

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