ПОСТАВУВАЊЕ НА ВАСКУЛАРЕН ПОРТ ЗА ХЕМОТЕРАПИЈА КАЈ ОНКОЛОШКИ ПАЦИЕНТИ НА КЛИНИКА ЗА НЕФРОЛОГИЈА - КЛИНИЧКИ АСПЕКТ
PLACEMENT OF A VASCULAR PORT FOR CHEMOTHERAPY IN ONCOLOGY PATIENTS AT A NEPHROLOGY CLINIC - CLINICAL ASPECT

Summary/Abstract: A vascular port is an advanced method for providing safe and long-term central venous access in patients who require continuous intravenous therapy, especially chemotherapy. This paper aims to present the key clinical aspects related to the placement and use of a vascular port, with emphasis on the indications, implantation technique, benefits and possible complications. The paper is based on an analysis of modern expert knowledge and clinical experiences, considering the criteria for patient selection and the most appropriate anatomical location for port placement. The procedure is most often performed through access to central veins, such as the jugular vein, under strictly controlled aseptic conditions and with the use of radiological support. This approach allows for high precision and significantly reduces the risk of intra- and post-procedural complications. The technical aspect of implantation involves correct positioning of the catheter in the central circulation and creation of a subcutaneous space for placement of the port-reservoir. After placement, adequate care and maintenance are particularly important, which include aseptic manipulation, regular flushing of the system and careful monitoring of the device's function. These measures are key to preventing infections, thrombosis and mechanical damage. Clinical experiences indicate that the vascular port significantly facilitates the administration of therapy, reduces the need for repeated venipunctures and contributes to the preservation of the peripheral venous system. This is especially evident in the application of cytostatic drugs, where the risk of local complications is reduced and the safety of the treatment is increased. At the same time, the overall comfort and quality of life of patients is improved. Despite the benefits, the use of a vascular port may be accompanied by certain adverse conditions, such as infections, thrombosis, occlusion or dislocation of the catheter. Timely recognition and appropriate management of these complications are essential for a successful outcome. Therefore, continued education of healthcare personnel and consistent application of protocols remain the foundation for safe and effective use.

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