AKTYWNOŚĆ INWESTYCYJNA PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW W POLSCE - IDENTYFIKACJA BARIER I REKOMENDACJE DLA ROZWOJU
INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES IN POLAND - IDENTIFICATION OF BARRIERS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this article is to provide a detailed analysis of the investment activity of enterprises in Poland, with particular emphasis on challenges, barriers and opportunities for increasing investment expenditure. The study also aims to provide practical recommendations for enterprises, the banking sector and public administration, based on the results of empirical research. The study used a triangulation of methods: analysis of the literature on the subject and a survey of 150 enterprises. The data was processed using statistical methods (Pearson's χ² tests, Wilcoxon test) and presented using visual tools. The analysis was supplemented with a review of data from reports, which allowed the results to be compared with the broader economic context. The results of the study confirmed the existence of significant differences in investment activity between micro and small companies and medium and large enterprises. Medium and large companies are more inclined to invest in development, energy transformation and process automation, while smaller entities invest more often on an ad hoc basis or limit their investments to a minimum due to financial constraints. Proposals for measures to increase investment activity were also presented, including reform of the financial support system, simplification of credit procedures and the development of tax incentives. The originality of the study lies in the identification of key investment barriers and the linking of investment decisions to innovation, energy transition and cooperation with universities. The results obtained have significant application value and form the basis for formulating recommendations for economic policy and business practice.

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