ERKEN DÖNEM TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ’NDE UYUŞTURUCU KONTROLÜNE ÇOK BOYUTLU BİR YAKLAŞIM (1923-1938): HUKUKİ, TIBBİ VE TOPLUMSAL PERSPEKTİFLER
A MULTIDIMENSIONAL APPROACH TO DRUG CONTROL IN THE EARLY TURKISH REPUBLIC (1923–1938): LEGAL, MEDICAL, AND SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES

Summary/Abstract: This study aims to analyze the drug control policies of the Republic of Türkiye between 1923 and 1938 from a multi-dimensional perspective, focusing on law, health, and society. The period coincides with a time when the Republic of Türkiye was striving to ensure its internal security and project an image of a modern state internationally, particularly in terms of opium production and consumption. In this context, by becoming a party to international anti-drug conventions, efforts were made to establish an effective monitoring mechanism. During the early Republican period, opium production was periodically restricted under international laws. Furthermore, new health policies were implemented to combat addiction. The possibilities of modern medicine were utilized, and hospitals and health institutions were built. In the fight against addiction, efforts were made to procure medicines both domestically and internationally. During budget discussions in the Turkish Grand National Assembly, additional budgets were allocated for health. The state did not view drug abuse as an individual illness, but rather as a moral threat closely affecting society. To protect and strengthen the health of future generations, intensive awareness campaigns against drug abuse were undertaken through both schools and community centers. The press played a crucial role in informing the public. This study utilizes document analysis, a qualitative research method. In this context, official institutional archives such as the Ottoman Archives of the State Archives Directorate, the Republic Archives of the State Archives Directorate, and the Turkish Grand National Assembly Archives were used, as well as original and scholarly works from the period.

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