BIODIVERZITET BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE: STANJE, UGROŽENOST VRSTA I STRATEGIJE OČUVANJA
BIODIVERSITY OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: STATUS, SPECIES THREATS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGIES

Summary/Abstract: Biodiversity, biological diversity or biological variety is one of the key concepts in nature conservation and represents the diversity of all living organisms on planet Earth, i.e. the totality of: genes – genetic diversity, species – species diversity and ecosystems – ecosystem diversity (Wilson, 1988; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). According to reliable data, existing biodiversity on the planet is primarily threatened by various consequences of the expansion of human activities. Scientific indicators and methods for monitoring changes in biodiversity reveal that the number of species is currently decreasing 1,000 to 10,000 times faster compared to natural extinction rates (Pimm et al., 2014). In this regard, contemporary science places the global phenomenon of biodiversity endangerment at the center of its attention, revealing facts and patterns of the disappearance of many forms of life (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). Systematics and taxonomy, i.e. knowledge of the grouping and classification of organisms, represent an essential basis for an objective approach to the study of biological diversity, as well as biodiversity threats (Wilson, 1988). Biodiversity has become one of the most актуel issues of the modern era, which is also reflected in numerous international documents and actions (Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992). The conservation of biodiversity represents one of the key concerns of the global community and one of the most important issues in the protection of the global environment. Based on scientific knowledge, it is necessary to design and implement measures that will ensure the survival and quality of life of all living nature, including humanity (Pimm et al., 2014). The aim of this research is to compare the state of biodiversity in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the past and present, to highlight the endangerment of certain species, and to present plans for preventing further threats and ensuring their conservation in the future.

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