Az akadémiai szabadság a hazai felsőoktatásban a rendszerváltás után
Academic freedom in Hungarian higher education after the regime change

Summary/Abstract: This paper first reviews the historical development of academic freedom and institutional autonomy in higher education, looking at the most important literature on the subject. It then traces the evolution of the most important features of academic autonomy (freedom of teaching, freedom of research, collegial coordination and students’ freedom of learning) in domestic higher education on the basis of the laws. It is quite clear from the analysis that academic freedom has declined significantly over the thirty years under review. The paper then uses this analysis to construct a composite indicator of academic freedom in Hungary over time, and compares it with the World Bank’s performance indicators for the Hungarian government (Government Effectiveness; Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism; Regulatory Quality; Rule of Law; Voice and Accountability) over time. The analysis finds a robust correlation. A robust correlation can also be found when academic freedom is measured using the Academic Freedom Index for Hungary (published on the basis of the FAU and the V-Dem Institute), comparing its data for the years under review with the World Bank’s performance indicators for Hungarian government. As a result of the analysis, the decline in Hungarian academic freedom over the last three decades, and particularly in the last decade, has been closely correlated with the deterioration in Hungarian government performance indicators.

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