MLADOLETNIŠKA NOSEČNOST V SLOVENIJI: DEJAVNIKI TVEGANJA, POSLEDICE IN MOŽNOSTI PREVENTIVE
TEENAGE PREGNANCY IN SLOVENIA: RISK FACTORS, CONSEQUENCES AND PREVENTION POSSIBILITIES

Summary/Abstract: Adolescent pregnancy represents a complex public health, social, and psychological challenge which, despite declining prevalence rates, remains a significant issue both internationally and in the Slovenian context. Global literature emphasizes that pregnancy among girls aged 10 to 19is associated with increased risks of adverse health outcomes, psychosocial distress, and long term consequences for both the mother and the child, making it a phenomenon present worldwide. In Slovenia, adolescent pregnancy has also been the subject of extensive research. Although its overall incidence has decreased, a relatively high rate of pregnancy termination among adolescents persists, alongside numerous health and social challenges that require comprehensive and coordinated responses. Research conducted in Slovenia and abroad indicates that adolescent pregnancy is strongly influenced by factors such as low educational attainment, socio-economic disadvantage, dysfunctional family environments, inadequate sexual education, and limited access to contraception. Empirical studies report higher rates of anemia, preterm birth, low birth weight, and increased vulnerability among adolescent mothers compared to adult pregnant women. Qualitative studies carried out in Slovenia further highlight the personal experiences of adolescents, who often perceive pregnancy as a sudden and profound life change accompanied by uncertainty, stigma, and restricted opportunities for continued education and social integration. Preventive programs that include improved sexual education, accessible contraception, counseling services, and strong support networks are essential for reducing the incidence of adolescent pregnancy and for promoting safe developmental pathways for young people. Despite existing progress, research underscores the continued need for the development of interdisciplinary approaches and effective support models to ensure adequate health, psychosocial, and educational support for adolescent mothers. Adolescent pregnancy remains a phenomenon that requires thoughtful, long term strategies from both society and the professional community.

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