TEHISINTELLEKT KIRJUTAB KOOLIS JA ÜLIKOOLIS MIS PANEB KOOLIÕPETAJAT JA ÕPPEJÕUDU TEHISINTELLEKTI KASUTUST KAHTLUSTAMA?
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WRITES IN SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITIES: WHAT MAKES TEACHERS AND LECTURERS SUSPECT AI USE?

Summary/Abstract: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in student assignments has become an everyday phenomenon, and teachers increasingly encounter situations in which they suspect AI involvement while reading students’ written tasks. This article examines how schoolteachers and university lecturers identify potential AI use in student writing and on what grounds they base their judgments. The study also aims to explore the extent to which the views of schoolteachers and university lecturers converge or differ. To map these perceptions, two studies were conducted between 2024 and 2025 – one in a basic school and the other at a university. The results indicate that teachers’ experiences are largely similar: both groups point to linguistic, structural, and content-related features as indicators of AI-generated writing. The main difference lies in the schoolteachers’ ability to draw on their knowledge of individual learners’ abilities, which is often not possible in higher education contexts. The findings suggest that teachers have developed an awareness of the signs of AI use in student writing. This awareness should not be regarded as a tool for detecting AI texts or punishing students but rather as a basis for reflecting on what it means to be human in the age of AI and how schools can better support learners in developing independent thinking.

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