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Troska biskupów kujawsko-kaliskich o Jasną Górę w okresie po Powstaniu Styczniowym (1864-1914).

Author(s): Bronisław Czaplicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 97/2012

The author presents the issue of the relationships of the bishops from the Diocese of Kujawy-Kalisz to Jasna Góra in the period after the January Uprising. Negative opinions spread about these bishops were the inspiration for this research. This study was based on a critical use of sources, which are in the Russian State Historical Archive in St. Petersburg, the Archive of Jasna Góra, the Diocesan Archive in Włocławek and the State Archive in Częstochowa. The author attempted to present the situation of the bishops constrained by the requirements of the Russian state law. This law was formulated in such a way as to enslave the hierarchy of the Catholic Church and lead to the extinction of the monastic life. The Pauline monastery was threatened not only by the destructive actions of the Russian authorities but also by deepening internal crisis, which was used by the mentioned authorities. The Jasna Góra Monastery survived and was able to revive after the collapse of the tsarist rule in Częstochowa. Credit for this revival, in large part, goes to the rulers of the Diocese of Kujawy-Kalisz, who defended the monastery and at the same time tried to infl uence its spiritual rebirth.

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Księgi wizytacji kanonicznych przechowywane w archiwum diecezjalnym we Włocławku.

Author(s): Witold Kujawski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 97/2012

Diocesan bishops were always obliged to supervise the pastoral work in parishes and the result of this was not only the post-visitation remarks but also written protocols. In fact, this practice was often neglected and the storage of the created post-visitation documentation was completely neglected. The Council of Trent highlighted this issue. Since then visitation records are preserved, but not all. Perhaps it was mistakenly thought that the most important were the latest one. Hence there are big gaps in documentation. Basically, each diocesan archive stores the visitation protocols of its own diocese. In Włocławek, however, there is a substantial collection of canonical visitation books of the historical Archdiocese of Gniezno. These books were stored here by order of occupation authorities as the Diocese of Włocławek, after the partitions and the new delimitation introduced by the bull Ex imposita Nobis of 1818, included most territories of the historical Archdiocese of Gniezno. Similarly, the visitations of the Diocese of Włocławek before 1918 were partly in Gniezno and partly in Pelplin. It is important, especially for young church historians, to know where such significant historical sources should be sought.

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Inkunabuł w oprawie z superekslibrisami bpa Jana Lubrańskiego na tle introligatorstwa krakowskiego i poznańskiego końca XV – początku XVI wieku

Author(s): Arkadiusz Wagner / Language(s): Issue: 102/2014

The article focuses on the binding of the incunabulum from the book collection of one of the greatest Polish Renaissance bibliophiles, Jan Lubrański Bishop of Poznań. The great value of this historical monument, discovered in 2012 in the Library of the Seminary in Włocławek, results from the fact that it is one of the few volumes that remained from hierarch’s extensive book collection, and also the only one, so far discovered, marked with his supralibros. The article starts with a biographical outline of Bishop Lubrański, with special attention paid to his bibliophilic activity. Then, the author presents a detailed formal and stylistic analysis of the binding against the background of bookbinding of the Polish leading centers in this field in the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The result is the hypotheses concerning the time and place of its creation, which point to the unknown bookbinding workshop in Cracow or Poznań, operating in the first two decades of the sixteenth century. Finally, the author attempts to trace the history of the book from the time of Lubrański up to its discovery in the collections of Włocławek.

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Działalność naukowa i edukacyjna archiwum kościelnego na przykładzie Archiwum Salezjańskiego Inspektorii Pilskiej

Author(s): Jarosław Wąsowicz / Language(s): Issue: 102/2014

The Salesian Archive of the Province of Piła (ASIP) was founded when the new Salesian Province of Piła was created in December 1979. The most extensive group of records in this archive concerns the territorial and personnel development of the Province of Piła, its apostolic activities, property and history. The precious collections also include legacies. In recent years, the main part of the archive activities has been focused on organizing and describing the fonds. In the years 2004-2011 the Salesian Archive of the Province of Pila in collaboration with other institutions organized several exhibitions, which were well received. In the years 2005-2011 the archive organized or co-organized several symposia and academic conferences, including the all-Poland ones. During the period under discussion, the archive also dealt with publishing activities. Currently it releases two book series. The first one, entitled Biographical series under the auspices of ASIP, includes publications presenting the priests: Lucjan Gieros SDB, Stanisław Olędzki SDB, Franciszek Miśki SDB and Stanisław Ormiński. In 2009, another series of publications was released: Studies and source materials under the auspices of the Salesian Archive of the Province of Piła. So far, there have been two publications containing materials from the symposia in Aleksandrów Kujawski and Szczecin. A new series was also created - Bibliographic Series under the auspices of ASIP.

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Filadelfia duchowieństwa pięciu dekanatów: gnieźnieńskiego (śś. Piotra i Pawła), żnińskiego, łekneńskiego, kcyńskiego i rogowskiego z 1801 r.

Author(s): Łukasz Krucki / Language(s): Issue: 102/2014

In 1801 on the initiative of Andrzej Pesaliński, a parish priest in Juncewo, clergy philadelphia was organized in five deaneries: Gniezno (Sts. Peter and Paul), Żnin, Łekno, Kcynia and Rogów. It was the successor of the earlier confraternities, established in 1743 and including three deaneries: Gniezno (Sts. Peter and Paul), Żnin and Łekno. The basic objectives of the renewed association was to encourage confreres in systematic religious practices, mutual concern and care during illness, and after the death of each of the brothers to celebrate as many Masses as specified by the statute. In addition, each member received a copy of a philadelphia book titled: The inseparable association of five deaneries: Sts. Apostles Peter and Paul Gniezno, Żnin, Łekno, Kcynia and Rogów or close philadelphia of these deaneries(…). Apart from the devotional texts, the book included the list of all members - clergy and laity who resided in the deaneries mentioned in the title. This publication constitutes an important source of information about families of Greater Poland and Pałuki (not only the noble ones), their social position and religious commitment.

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Kościelne początki Tarnowa

Author(s): Leszek Poniewozik / Language(s): Issue: 102/2014

The article presents the earliest history of the church in Tarnów. The current town of Tarnów was founded on the land of the village of Tarnów Wielki in 1330. The village of Tarnów Mały (now Tarnowiec) was located near the village of Tarnów Wielki. Historical sources from the first half of the fourteenth century mention the existence of the parish of Tarnów without specifying whether it is Tarnów Wielki or Mały. The existing literature has adopted the view that the oldest parish of Tarnów was located at St. Martin Church in the present village of Zawada. As a consequence, the village of Zawada was considered to be originally part of Tarnów Wielki or Mały with the origins going back to the twelfth century, and the Benedictines of Tyniec being perceived as its founders. At the beginning of the fourteenth century Tarnów Wielki and Mały and the surrounding villages became the property of Spycimir, Leliwa coat of arms. He contributed to building, on the outskirts of Tarnów Wielki, a castle and then a chapel, the existence of which has been proved since 1331. It was acknowledged that the chapel had been dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and had had the parish rights. In 1330 the town of Tarnów was founded in the village of Tarnów Wielki. After that, the Parish of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary was established in the main square of the town. The parish has been proved since 1346. Recognizing that fact that St. Martin Parish was connected with Tarnów Wielki meant accepting the claim that in about half of the fourteenth century there were three parishes in the town of Tarnów. Finally, in 1400 the Bishop of Cracow, Piotr Wysz created a collegiate church in Tarnów on the basis of the Parish of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, St. Martin Parish and the castle chapel. The author tried to show in the article that certain parts of the ecclesiastical history of Tarnów have diverged from the truth. According to the literature, St. Martin Parish was connected with Tarnów Mały, which is today Tarnowiec, and the Benedictines should be regarded as its founders. The history of this parish is not so distant. There are no clear source materials which could allow for certainty on this issue, but evidence indicates that it was created in the early thirteenth century. The history of the castle church in Tarnów was also wrongly interpreted. In the light of sources it can be stated that it was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. The claim that it was dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary is the result of misunderstanding. That is true that there was the church dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Tarnów, but it was not connected with the castle. The theory that the castle chapel had the parish rights is also erroneous. In fact it was an ordinary castle chapel similar to other chapels of this type.

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Charakterystyka zbioru druków z XVI wieku Biblioteki Wyższego Seminarium Duchownego Metropolii Warmińskiej „Hosianum” w Olsztynie

Author(s): Tomasz Garwoliński / Language(s): Issue: 102/2014

The collection of antique books of the sixteenth century of the Library of Hosianum, the Seminary of the Archdiocese of Warmia in Olsztyn includes 1559 publications. This is not a homogeneous collection, as the library collected vintage books from all over the Diocese of Warmia after World War II. Most publications come from Braniewo, Dobre Miasto, Barczewo and Frombork. They were released in 89 print centers, by 497 publishers. Most were written in Latin. Among the works in the Polish language, there are two copies of the Leopolite Bible, postils, sermons, religious literature and state publications. In the sixteenth-century book collection of the Library "Hosianum" 25 publications are works of ancient writers. An essential part of the literature of that period was represented by religious works. A Patristic period is represented by works of: Tertullian, Origen, St. Cyprian, St. Athanasius, St. Gregory of Nazianzus, St. Gregory of Nyssa, St. Ambrose, St. Jerome, St. John Chrysostom, St. Augustine, St Cyril of Alexandria, Theodoret of Cyrus, Cassiodorus, St. Gregory the Great, St. Isidore of Seville, St. Leo I the Great. The theology of the Middle Ages is represented by works of: St. Anselm of Canterbury, St. Bernard of Clairvaux, Peter Lombard, St. Albert the Great, St. Bonaventure, St. Thomas Aquinas, Nicholas of Lyra, St. Antoninus of Florence. There are the work of reformers: Erasmus of Rotterdam, Martin Luther, Philipp Melanchthon, John Calvin, John Bugenhagen, and counter reformers: St. John Fisher, John Eck, Peter Soto, Melchior Cano, St. Robert Bellarmine and Johannes Cochlaeusa. Martin Luther is the most often represented author in the sixteenth-century book collection in the Library "Hosianum"(41 works). There are also plenty of books by the authors from the Society of Jesus: St. Peter Canisius, St. Francis Suarez and many others - more or less known. Sixteen works are written by Louis of Granada – a very popular Dominican mystic. In addition, there are works of eminent bishops of Warmia who held important church and state positions: John Dantiscus, Stanislaus Hosius, Marcin Kromer. The collection includes the works of native authors – priests of Warmia, canons and Jesuits working in Braniewo: John Benedict Solfa, Anthony Possevino, Thomas Treter, Fabian Kwadrantyn (Quadrantinus), Frederic Bartsch. There are also the poems of the first humanist poet, born in Warmia, Eustace Knobelsdorf. In the collection we can also find the works of other famous Polish authors, such as: Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski, Mikołaj Rej, Jakub Górski, Rev. Piotr Skarga, Stanisław Reszka. The sixteenth-century book collection of the Library "Hosianum" contains many editions of the Bible (26), liturgical books (among them Missals and agendas of Warmia and the agenda of Cracow of 1517), martyrologies, sermons, codes of civil and canon law. There are the works of the poet Francis Petrarch, works on philosophy, rhetoric, history, literature, astronomy, biology,

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Księgozbiór klasztoru bernardyńskiego w Kadynach w zasobach Biblioteki Elbląskiej

Author(s): Wojciech Zawadzki / Language(s): Issue: 102/2014

Cyprian Norwid Library of Elbląg includes the collection of the former Elbląg City Library before 1945. Among them are 124 volumes (including 12 bound together), which were once owned by the Library of the Bernardine Monastery in Kadyny. The Bernardine Monastery in Kadyny was erected 18 August, 1683. At the beginning of the eighteenth century it became a known sanctuary of St. Anthony of Padua in the region. In 1826 the monastery was dissolved by the Prussian authorities. Before the dissolution the monastic library stored 1327 volumes. In a separate cabinet, outside the library, the Bernardines had 29 volumes of libri prohibita. In April 1830, part of the book collection of Kadyny was included in the library of the Lower Secondary School of Elblag, and then it was transformed to the Elbląg City Library. An unspecified number of books from the library of the Bernardines in Kadyny, in the nineteenth century, were taken over by the Chapter of Warmia in Frombork, and currently they are stored in the Library of “Hosianum” the Seminary of the Archdiocese of Warmia in Olsztyn. Among the 124 cataloged volumes of Kadyny in the Library of Elblag, by far the most of them concern the subject of theology and asceticism. The oldest book in the analyzed collection of Kadyny is Lombardica historia by Jacob de Voragine, published in Nuremberg in 1501, the newest one is Veritas Christianae Religionis by Idzi Smukalski released in 1788 in Poznań. Overall, 31 volumes come from the sixteenth century, 54 volumes come from the seventeenth century and 39 volumes come from the eighteenth century.

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Bractwa charytatywne w Polsce od średniowiecza do końca XVIII wieku

Author(s): Marian Surdacki / Language(s): Issue: 101/2014

Religious brotherhoods were one of the institutions, apart from schools and hospitals, which in past centuries played an important role in the lives of individual parishes, towns and villages. They were associations – church communities, with legal personality, bringing together people for religious purposes, regardless of gender and social origin. Different kinds of brotherhoods, including the ones of charitable and protective nature became a common phenomenon between the 11th and the 15th centuries in the West. In the thirteenth century, they also began to take hold on Polish soil, referring to Western patterns. Hospital fraternities (fraternitas hospitales) have the oldest tradition of secular charities in the Polish land. Their aim was to provide people, who often did the activities connected with the medieval hospital. Some of them even founded and ran hospitals. Just like all other religious brotherhoods, at the earliest, in the thirteenth century, they appeared in Silesia. In the group of hospital fraternities the brotherhood of the Holy Spirit played a special role. That brotherhood was associated only with hospitals run by the Order of the same name, so-called ‘duchaki’. Brotherhoods of the poor were far more common in the Polish land. Their main aim was to focus on charitable activities and they encompassed almost all the lands of the Polish Republic. Their heyday was primarily in the fifteenth and the early sixteenth century. Brotherhoods of the poor developed evenly in terms of chronology in the whole land of the Polish state. Those fraternities exercised complete control over the lives of every beggar who was in the town; they regulated districts, begging procedures and oversaw the behaviour of the poor. The chief duty of brotherhoods of the poor was to take care of the sick in hospitals and their homes. The duty of brothers was also a concern for the dead, especially the poor and homeless, Christian burial and funeral as well as the prayers for those whom they took care of. In the atmosphere of the reforms of the Council of Trent (1545-1563), religious brotherhoods began again spontaneously developing in Poland. The most important of the new brotherhoods of charity was a brotherhood of mercy, established at the end of the sixteenth century by the preacher Jesuit Piotr Skarga. The first model brotherhood of mercy was organized by Skarga in 1584, and it was attached to the Jesuit Church of St. Barbara in Krakow. Other brotherhoods, based on Skarga’s pattern, were formed in major cities of the Polish Republic, including Vilnius, Warsaw, Poznań, Pułtusk, Łowicz, Lviv, Zamość, Rzeszów, Lublin, Przemyśl. The period of the development of brotherhoods of mercy occurred in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century. Then those organizations gradually disappeared and were forgotten. The idea of Piotr Skarga’s brotherhoods of mercy was renewed in the new spirit of the Enlightenment in the 1770s by Bishop, later Primate Michał Jerzy

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Niezrealizowane wileńskie zmówienie warszawskiej firmy „J. Szpetkowski i Spółka” – dokument z archiwum antokolskiego

Author(s): Anna Sylwia Czyż / Language(s): Issue: 101/2014

In the second half of the nineteenth century there was an increase in artistic contacts between Warsaw and Vilnius, as exemplified by the letter (18 May 1903) from the Archive of the Monastery and Church dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul in Antakalnis in Vilnius, which is now located in Vilnius Arkivyskupijos Kurija Archyvas. The addressee of the letter was the last canon regular of the Lateran from Antakalnis- Rev. Franciszek Zawadzki, who in 1903-1904 carried out the renovation of the church. The works also included the issue of ordering two altars at the entrance to the chancel. In that place there were originally two woodcarving altars donated by the benefactor of the Vilnius Canons Regular of the Lateran, Michał Kazimierz Pac. The new altars were to be performed by Warsaw artistic and ecclesiastical firm "J. Szpetkowski and Company ", which at that time performed a great number of decors in churches in the area of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Due to the financial problems of the parish, despite the fact that the works began, the altars were not finally finished. The Warsaw company, however, sent the statue of St. Francis to Vilnius, and that figure was in one of the altars at the entrance to the chancel at least to 1939.

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„Varia” - zapomniane czasopismo studentów KUL

Author(s): Barbara Centek / Language(s): Issue: 101/2014

In the academic year 1983/1984, the students of the second year of history of the Catholic University came up with an idea of establishing their own journal titled "Varia". Its main initiators were Miroslaw Filipowicz and Adam Hlebowicz; later Wojciech Zajączkowski joined them. The magazine was duplicated in the Department of Canon Law of the Catholic University of Lublin, where Filipowicz was assigned to be on duty. The magazine circulation was approx. 30 copies and it was distributed among the students of the second year, student hostel residents and regulars of the reading room of History at the Catholic University. As estimated by one of the creators of the magazine, it was a group of about fifty people. The journal was not intended to criticize the then authorities as the Security Service took interest in them. The creators of the magazine were checked, but finally the operational activities were discontinued.

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Konferencja wyższych przełożonych żeńskich zgromadzeń zakonnych i konsulta w PRL – zarys problematyki

Author(s): Joanna Wiśniewska / Language(s): Issue: 101/2014

The formation process of the institutions of the Conference of Major Superiors of Female Religious Orders in Poland started in the period in which there had already been some structures of the cooperation between convents, developed for the common defence of nuns against the negative effects of the religious policy of the communist authorities, the policy which was aimed at the liquidation of the institution subordinate to the Church, including religious orders. The interaction of female religious congregations was the answer to the necessity of the consolidation of forces and construction - under the guidance of Polish Primate S. Wyszyński – common programmes, the aim of which was to help the religious congregations survive and function in the communist reality. The evolution of the cooperation forms: from the spontaneous and regulated by law the Conference of Major Superiors of Female Religious Orders, with the statute approved by the Holy See and canonically erected consulta, overlapped with similar movements of the consecrated life in the world. In the realities of the Polish People's Republic, the Conference was not as autonomous as was formulated by canon law under normal conditions. The Conference had to be in a close relationship with Primate S. Wyszyński and the Department of Monastic Affairs, created by the Primate, who in practice gained control over the entire existing cooperation between religious orders. Regardless of the factual and legal restrictions on the activities of the Conference and its consulta, which was essentially an advisory body to the Polish Primate, the achievements of that institution for the religious life in Poland were extremely significant, which was reflected primarily in: the prudent implementation of the conciliar reforms in religious congregations, their liturgical renewal, deepening the democratization process, regulating the legal status, changes in the substantial and permanent formation of the members of congregations.

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Reklama książki na łamach tygodnika społeczno-religijnego „Wiara” (1906-1909)

Author(s): Renata Bednarz-Grzybek / Language(s): Issue: 101/2014

The aim of this article is to present the main titles of the books and pamphlets advertised in "Wiara" (1906-1909), a magazine which appeared in Warsaw. The paper particularly focuses on the publications on education of children and young people, customs, health and economics, drawing attention to the patriotic and moral values, presenting native history and the history of the Catholic Church, pointing to role models included in the lives of saints. The article also mentions books, the aim of which was an entertainment (fiction) . In the era of partitions the issue of particular importance was to provide the proper education for the next generations of the Polish people. They could not attend Polish schools. It was necessary, therefore, to teach them in their family home. They were taught Polish identity, patriotism, respect for others, social solidarity. Developing the reading culture was one of the ways to shape the personality of the young man. Hence the magazine enabled readers to get acquainted with the critical opinions about the latest releases. The authors presented the titles worth reading as well as those books which were of no value.

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Spis rzeczy podarowanych kościołowi i klasztorowi norbertanek w Imbramowicach w latach 1712-1742

Author(s): Beata Skrzydlewska / Language(s): Issue: 101/2014

In the Archives of the Norbertine Sisters in Imbramowice, among many important documents, there is the "The register of the things donated to the church after it had burnt down written on 1 August in 1712." It was probably drawn up at the behest of abbess Zofia Grothówna, who managed the convent for almost forty years. Appointed to this function on 4 August 1703, she held office until her death, which occurred on 31 May 1741. The first notes about the donated things appeared in the registry on 1 August 1712, and it was almost entirely supplemented during the life of Zofia Grothówna. Only one, the last note was entered on 23 April 1742, during the reign of abbess Katarzyna Bąkowska and it concerns a chasuble given to the convent by her. There were a number of donors who supported the convent in Imbramowice in those difficult times. Among the donors there were both clergy and laymen. Abbess Zofia Grothówna was the one who gave the most things. In addition, Rev. Dominik Lochman donated a great number of valuable things. The information on donations are written in a very explicit way in the registry, which includes the information on the items handed over to the convent as well as the identity of individual donors. The registry information is arranged according to the time of its transfer to the convent. The objects listed in the registry are accompanied by a brief description, including the material which they were made of and the names of the donors.

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Początki parafii Matki Bożej Królowej Korony Polskiej na Kijowskim Przedmieściu w Brześciu nad Bugiem

Author(s): Waldemar Żurek / Language(s): Issue: 101/2014

Grassroots initiatives of the faithful of the city of Brześć, supported by the clergy, have been approved by the Ordinary of the Diocese of Pińsk - Bishop Zygmunt Łoziński, who on 16 October 1938 erected the parish in the Kiev Suburb in Brześć. For a growing number of the inhabitants of Brześć in the interwar period of the Second Polish Republic, the above- mentioned parish was established to meet the religious needs of the local Catholics. In August 1937, Rev. Wacław Piątkowski was mandated, by the Bishop of Pińsk, to create a parish with an indication of the Kiev Suburb, where he soon began celebrating daily liturgy in a temporary chapel. Organized in November 1937, the Church Social Construction Committee undertook the care of raising funds for the implementation of a costly venture. A temporary chapel was consecrated on 14 August 1938 by Rev. Wacław Piątkowski, a parish priest. On 30 July 1939 the Bishop of Pińsk consecrated the foundation stone of the church, and next day the construction of the foundations began. Until the outbreak of World War II, a concrete footing under the foundation of the church was made along with the necessary excavations. War and occupation: the Soviet and German prevented the implementation of the initiated project. During those years, priests performed pastoral service, not only in their own parishes but often helped other parishes which were deprived of priests because of the arrests of clergy and their deportation to concentration camps, as well as due to the moving of many priests to the west of the created in 1945 Polish-Soviet frontier on the Bug. Thanks to the clergymen who, despite everything, stayed after the war in the Diocese of Pińsk within the borders of Byelorussian SSR, the continuity of the hierarchical authority of the Church was preserved. That authority was exercised by the vicars general until the church administration had been organized within the borders of the Republic of Belarus.

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Bibliografia zawartości półrocznika „Archiwa Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne”. Tomy 1-100

Author(s): Artur Paweł Hamryszczak / Language(s): Issue: 101/2014

The journal “Archiwa Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne” was established in 1959 as a magazine of the Institute of Church Archives, Libraries and Museums. At first it was a quarterly to the number 4, and then it turned into a semi-annual magazine. The founder and the first editor-in-chief was Rev. Professor Stanislaw Librowski. He divided the journal into several thematic sections referring to: the Institute of Church Archives, Libraries and Museums; magazines; archives; libraries; museums; auxiliary sciences; hagiography; biographical materials and a variety of issues. In the 1990s, along with the successive editors the structure of the journal was changed. From volume 73 (200) the periodical contains the following topics: symposia, studies and materials, reviews and news, a bibliographic review. Since the bibliography includes the articles that appeared in the issues of the journal before the establishment of the current structure, they were assigned to the currently existing sections.

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Chełmskie akta biskupie i konsystorskie według spisu zdawczo-odbiorczego z 1743 roku a obecny stan ich zachowania w Archiwum Archidiecezjalnym Lubelsk

Author(s): Jarosław Marczewski / Language(s): Issue: 101/2014

In 1743 Canon Józef Ludwik Balicki drew up an inventory of the documents transferred to the Archive of the Cathedral Chapter in Krasnystaw. Those materials came from the office of the bishops of Chełm and the Consistory of Chełm. The inventory has been published in the following article. Are the materials listed in the inventory in the folds of the Archdiocesan Archives of Lublin now? And to what extent have they been preserved? The findings, done on the basis of the comparative analysis, lead to several conclusions of a more general nature. A positive surprise is the fact that most of those materials have been preserved. Of the thirty-five items listed in Canon Balicki’s inventory only six are missing in today's records of the archive. It enables the author to propose a theory of competent handling the entrusted materials, in spite of the rapid institutional changes and the adverse circumstances in history. There are only little chronological discrepancies in the books in relation to their description in the register. It is possible that these differences arise not so much from the material losses, but from a cursory inspection and consequently wrong description of the material once done by its author. Distinct differences exist, however, in the external appearance of the books, namely the binding of the volumes.

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Biskupi a bożogrobcy na ziemiach polskich w latach 1163-1819. Zarys problematyki

Author(s): Ryszard Skrzyniarz / Language(s): Issue: 100/2013

In the first phase of bringing the Order of the Holy Sepulchre down to Poland in 1163, bishops of dioceses were founders and donors of the Order (Cracow Bishop Gedko, Plock Bishop Lapus) and acknowledged the foundations as the heritage left by their predecessors. In 15th Century they were Gniezno Archbishop Mikołaj Trąba and Kiev Bishop Michał Treska. Since 14th Century the assets belonging to the Order of Holy Sepulchre had been titbits for bishops, especially for the poorer dioceses but also for Cracow bishops (Piotr Gamrat). Conflicts arose from recruitment procedures conducted in the Order where bishops employed diocesan priests. Since 1567 or the establishment of the commendation, commendatory provosts, where bishops had been in majority, had contributed to moral decline of the Order. The positive conduct of Andrzej Batory and Maciej Łubieński exclusively stood out. Permanent disputes among bishops, the king, and the monastery for material benefits derivable from the Order’s assets, bad examples set by commendatory provosts, the lack of authority and authoritarianism resulted in the laxity of morals in the Order and concurrently accounted for the relaxation of discipline, violation of the rules and laws made by the Order, sloth, idleness, drunkenness and immorality. In 18th Century the attempts to reform the Order, made by the provosts, were insufficient and unsuccessful to control the status quo in the Order because of the bad example that came from the top.

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Mikrofilmowanie zbiorów instytucji kościelnych przez Bibliotekę Narodową

Author(s): Maciej Szablewski / Language(s): Issue: 100/2013

The introduction of the article refers to the general historical background of photography including the examples of application in the humanistic study, and the development of reprography globally, and in Poland. Furthermore, it also touches upon the genesis and initial operations of the Archives, Libraries and Church Museums Centre of the Catholic University of Lublin, the Pontifical Institute of Religious Studies and the National Library’s Microfilm Station. In the first part of the article, the cooperation of the National Library with a few of the church institutions inter alia the Archives of the Franciscan Monastery in Warsaw, the Archives and Diocesan Library in Plock, the Archives of Cracow Cathedral Chapter, the Archives of the Chapter in Wroclaw, the Library of Provost Collegiate Chapter of Łowicz, the Library of the Catholic University of Lublin and the Archdiocesan Library in Gniezno has been elaborated upon. Collection sets kept in custody by the aforementioned institutions were subject to the programme of protection of the most valuable pieces of literature, that had been implemented since 1950. Within the framework of the programme, fully financed by the National Library, manuscripts, old prints and music collections were lent and microfilmed. At the end of the fifties of 20th Century the talks with Primate Wyszyński on the continuation of microfilming of church collections were undertaken. It caused the security services to respond. Some of the staff members, inter alia Zofia Rozanow, were dismissed from the National Library, having been given the so called „wolf tickets”. Ealier the manager Andrzej Wyczański had been dismissed. On top of that at the beginning of the sixties of 20th Century the organisational structure of the Station was broken down and divided into two separate institutes – the Microfilm Collections Institute and the Reprographic Institute. Despite these problems, the process of microfilming manuscripts and old prints from church institutions was not abandoned. Furthermore, after 1962, the National Library launched the project of microfilming the Polish press, which proved that the small seminar libraries preserved newspapers and magazines to a greater extent than large libraries. After 1989 the National Library started to cooperate also with Polonia Centres including inter alia the Marianes Priests’ Museum in Fawley Court nearby London. Moreover, thanks to the acquisition of a portable microfilm camera in 1994, several field trips were organised, including the trips to church libraries. The second part of the article reveals the effects of the process of microfilming the collections found in the church institutions by the National Library. The text has been divided into manuscripts, old prints, music collections and press, according to the types of librarian sets. Bills of quantities have been provided and this part of the resources kept in custody of the Microfilm Collections Institute has been ch

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Kościół pw. św. Franciszka Ksawerego w Grodnie

Author(s): Witalij Bohatyrewicz / Language(s): Issue: 100/2013

:. Church of the Jesuit St Francis Xavier constitutes the major archaeological landmark of the City of Grodno. Its historic architecture is more than three hundred years old. On 15th of December 1990 Pope John Paul II conferred the status of the Minor Basilica upon this Church. Since 1991 this former Jesuit Church has been the Cathedral of the Diocese of Grodno. The foundation stone of the Jesuit Church was blessed by Bishop Mikołaj Słupski on 21st of June 1678. The consecration took place on 6th of December 1705 and was performed by Chełm Bishop Teodor Potocki in the presence of King Augustus II and Tsar Peter the Great. The Church is situated in the centre of the city, nearby the old marketplace. The building was erected on a longitudinal plan in the form of the Latin cross following the style of two–tower and three-aisled basilica with a transept and a dome. It has the two-tower, three–storey façade; the total height of the second and third storey is smaller than the height of the first storey. There are recesses with wooden statues of Saint Francis Xavier (in the middle of the third storey of the facade) and Saints Peter and Paul in the side-arched recesses (on the second storey). There are thirteen altars in the Church: the high altar and twelve side altars. The Altar of Saint Michael the Archangel (in the North Chapel), the Altar of the Congregational Mother of God (Virgin Mary for students), that is situated in the South Chapel, is the only brick altar in this Church. The Altar of Saint Trinity that is situated by the north-east pillar of the dome. The Altar of the Holy Rosary is by the south-east pillar of the dome. The Altar of Saint Stanisław Kostka is situated in the north wing of the transept. The Altar of Saint Kazimierz is found in the south wing of the transept, opposite to the Altar of Saint Stanisław Kostka. The remaining six side altars are situated by the pillars of the nave: the Altar of Saint Tadeusz, the Altar of Scourged Saviour, the Altar of Our Lady of Perpetual Help, the Altar of Józefat Kuncewicz, the Altar of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, the Altar of Saint Joseph. The High Altar of Saint Francis Xavier is situated in the presbytery, in the apse of the main nave. It was made from painted wood imitating stone. Johan Christian Schmidt was the author of the High Altar in the Parish Church of Grodno. Above the arcades of the main nave and the presbytery, there are fourteen frescoes in the shape of lying rectangles of 1.5 x 4.5 m. in size. They present the scenes from the life of Saint Francis Xavier. One of the mural paintings bears the signature: B.I.D.P. 1752. The pulpit was made forty years later than the side altars – as far as both sculptural modelling and colour scheme are concerned. It follows the rococo style. The flooring in the Church is made of Swedish stone. The flooring incorporates seven floor slabs closing off the entry to burial crypts made of the same kind of stone. In 2006 the fire

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