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Çağdaş Hadis Şerh Çalışmalarının Bir Örneği Olarak İtyûbî’nin Sahîh-i Müslim ve Mukaddimesi Şerhleri

Çağdaş Hadis Şerh Çalışmalarının Bir Örneği Olarak İtyûbî’nin Sahîh-i Müslim ve Mukaddimesi Şerhleri

Author(s): Cemil Cahit MOLLAİBRAHİMOĞLU / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

Along with Sahîh-i Bukhari, many commentaries and memoirs have been made on Sahîh-i Muslim, which is accepted as the most reliable source of hadith and consists of sound narrations. Among the commentaries written today, the comprehensive commentary, which is a product of labor that cannot be ignored and stands out whit some features, is Ethiopian scholar Mohammed b. The commentary of Ali al-İtyubî’s (1947-2020) Sahîh-i Muslim commentary on al-Bahru’l-muhît and his holy book is Kurratü ayni’l-muhtâc. This article aims to briefly introduce İtyûbî with his educational life and Works, the method he followed in his annotations, the sources he used, his reports that do not require many works, his criticisms and evaluations, his perspective, his world of thought, and to reveal and evaluate his different approaches and ideas on certain subjects. Reaching 47 volumes together with the Commentary on the Muqaddima, the work has the feature of being the widest commentary of Sahîh-I Muslim. By transmitting the information in the previous works in a compact and collective manner, he did not leave the need to apply to them, and he made the hadiths easier to understand whit the memzuc method that explains word by word. The extensive interpretation of hadiths, the mention of different narrations, and the fact that the judgments derived from hadiths are regarded as material are some of the issues that make commentary important. This article aims to briefly introduce İtyûbî with his educational life and works, the method he followed in his commentaries, the resources he used, his transmissions that do not reguire many works, his criticisms and evaluations, his perspective, his world of thought, and to reveal and evaluate his different approaches and ideas on certain subjects.

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Toplumsal Çözülmeye Çözüm Denemesi: Yûnus Emre Örneği

Toplumsal Çözülmeye Çözüm Denemesi: Yûnus Emre Örneği

Author(s): Büşra Bilgin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

Since the beginning of human coexistence, besides solidarity and domestication, many problems and difficulties have arisen in society and individual individuals. Although the members of the society seem to have tried to comply with the duty of living together, the society started to experience a collapse. The inability of people to digest each other, not to accept their differences and to marginalize, and the tendency to see oneself as superior and privileged to others have been the biggest factors that have refuted the society. The language that holds people together and allows them to understand is the basis of these problems when misused. Although these problems are tried to be solved by laws in the modern world, new distortions are inevitable unless they are based on a solid moral basis. We deemed it appropriate to discuss the source of these problems and the solution proposals offered by our moral tradition to these problems through the lover of God, Yûnus Emre.

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Mîlâdî 13. ve 20. Asırlar Arasında Te’lif Edilmiş Fas Tasavvuf Tabakāt Eserleri Üzerine Dönemsel Bir Bakış

Mîlâdî 13. ve 20. Asırlar Arasında Te’lif Edilmiş Fas Tasavvuf Tabakāt Eserleri Üzerine Dönemsel Bir Bakış

Author(s): Esma ÖZTÜRK / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

In our country, it is observed that, most of the current academic studies carried on the history of Taṣawwuf usually includes Egypt, Iraq, Turkey, India and Central Asia and it is also seen that these are the studies that form the Eastern region of the Islamic World. The development of Islam and especially Taṣawwuf in the West, seems to have been studied by fewer researchers compared to the first. In fact, when the investigation in this direction is taken into consideration in a more specific region such as the Maghrib, it is noticed that the number of researchers in this area has decreased. From this point on, our research covers the tabaqāt literature that emerged in the Maghrib/Morocco region between the 13th and 20th centuries A.D. In the study; starting from Ibn Zayyāt al-Tādilī's (d. 628/1230) book al-Tashawwuf ilâ rijâl al-taṣawwuf, a total of ten hagiographical works (tabaqāts) were introduced. In the biographical information and explanations, a detailed evaluation was made on the topics such as the life of the author, the subject of the current work, the purpose of writing, the similar and different sides from other tabaqāt books, the method of presentation of the work. On the other hand; the contributions of these works, which were proclaimed in a certain period of time in the geography of Morocco, to the historical memory of the societies in that geography were also tried to be determined. According to the findings obtained as a result of the study, it has been determined that the tabaqâts reflect a certain section of history including political, religious, cultural and social aspects and convey the general life styles of the communities they deal with.

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Olumlu ve Olumsuz Dini Başa Çıkma, Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı ve Yalnızlık İlişkisi

Olumlu ve Olumsuz Dini Başa Çıkma, Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı ve Yalnızlık İlişkisi

Author(s): Sezai Korkmaz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

The aim of the current study is to examine the relationship between religious coping, problematic social media use and loneliness. According to demographic variables as well as descriptive statistics, differences in religious coping, problematic social media use and loneliness variables were discussed in this study. Religious coping has been investigated in two dimensions as positive religious coping and negative religious coping. The sample of the study consists of 440 people. 152 (34.5%) of the participants are men and 288 (65.5%) are women. The age range of the sample varies between 18-65 and the average age of the sample is 24.10. According to the marital status, 201 (45.7%) of the participants are married and 239 (54.3%) are single. Documentation and relational survey method were used in the study. SPSS, AMOS and SPSS Process Macro programs were used in the analysis of the research. In the study, descriptive statistics, t-test (difference test), ANOVA (difference test), correlation analysis, regression analysis and mediation analysis were performed to test the hypotheses created depending on the literature.

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Hadislerin Kur’an’a Arzının Suiistimali

Hadislerin Kur’an’a Arzının Suiistimali

Author(s): Furkan Çakır / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

Following the death of the Prophet, many different understandings have emerged in the Islamic world to make life meaningful. There is no doubt that understanding of Quran and Hadith texts is the basis of these understandings. The effort to understand Nass, sometimes, has opened the doors of constructive criticism; sometimes it has shown a destructive character. Understanding efforts in Islamic world has been more active on the hadiths in modern times. As a matter of fact, while the groups who claim to live their lives as in the time of the Prophet were affected by modernity, the discourses that did not need any trace from the time of the Prophet paid attention to the hadith sunnah. In this study, the idea of contradiction to the Qur'an is emphasized, whose traces go back to the classical period and which has moved in a different direction with the abuses of the Quranist-Mealist discourse in modern times. In the first period, the criticism activities which focused on isnad have led to the training of the specialists of jarh-tadîl over time and by this way, the defects that may have happened to isnad were eliminated to a certain extent. In parallel with isnad examinations, text-based critics have also been introduced in the evaluation of hadiths. One of the text-based criticism methods is submitting hadiths to the Qur'an. In this study, the abuse of “submitting hadiths to the Quran”, which has an important place in the Islamic science tradition, but reached a dimension contrary to its natural methodology in the modern period, will be discussed.

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Mütekaddim Dönem Sünnî Kelâmında Keramet

Mütekaddim Dönem Sünnî Kelâmında Keramet

Author(s): Hasan Sefa Turan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

The main evidence used in a matter of proving prophethood in Kalām is miracles. For this reason, other extraordinary situations that miraculously occur have always been on the agenda of theologians. Of these the most similar to miracle is karāma events that occur extraordinary in the hands of Walī. Karāma has been discussed on certain theoretical grounds in kalām books during the beginning period of Sunnī kalām. As in other theological debates, the leading adversaries of Sunnī theologians in the issue of karāma were Muʿtazilite theologians. This study discusses approaches towards karāma in early period of Sunnī kalām. Accordingly, the scholars who determined the basic approaches of Ashʿariyya and Māturīdiyya kalām schools are included in the study. İmām al-Ashʿarī (d. 324/935), Ibn Fūrak (d. 406/1015), al-Bāqillānī (d. 403/1013), ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Baghdādī (d. 429/1037), Abu’l-Maʿālī İmām al-ḥaramayn al-Juwaynī (d. 478/1085), Abū ʿAbdallāh al-Ḥalīmī (d. 403/1012) and Abū Isḥāq al-Isfarāyīnī (d. 418/1027) from Ashʿarī school; Abū Manṣūr al-Māturīdī (d. 333/944), Ḥakīm as-Samarqandī (d. 342/953), Abū al-Yusr al-Bazdawī (d. 493/1100) and Abū al-Muīn an-Nasafī (d. 508/1115) from Māturīdiyya school, in this context, are included in the study. Besides, some authors from fields other than kalām are included in the scope of the study in order to determine the first use of the concept of karāma and different approaches are discussed. In the study, after the views of the theologians on the subject are presented descriptively, these views are critically assessed.

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Atâ b. Ebû Rebâh ve Hadis İlmindeki Yeri

Atâ b. Ebû Rebâh ve Hadis İlmindeki Yeri

Author(s): Hızır YAĞCI / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

The contribution of the generation of Tâbi’un in the formation of Islamic sciences in general and in the development of hadith in particular is known. Various studies have been done on the quality of this contribution. Being a part of such an aim is among the targets of this study as well. Not to conducted any work on the hadithism of especially Abdullah b. Abbas' student and after him Atâ ibn Abi Rabah who the most famous teacher of the Mecca school was another encouraging reason. While examining the life and scientific personality of Ata who was one of the early personalities, it has been tried to reach some results with the information obtained from the sources from the first period, especially the fatwa and rumors belonging to him. Atâ who was leading an observable, active political life, lived in the intellectual and social turmoil that emerged in the early period. Atâ who drawing attention with his educator personality, added his own experiences to the scientific heritage he received from the companions in the first instance Ibn Abbas, and had been passed it on to the next generations. Being a fatwa authority in Makkah mufti and pilgrimage organizations for many years is one of his important experiences. In addition to being well-known for his devotion to the Sunnah, he has been taken place between those known among the generation of Tâbi’un with his fatwa and ijtihad. Ata, who is a critical hadith reciter, is accepted as the absolute authority in the hadith. The fact that he was one of the first to make talfiq in the hadith shows that he knew the diversity of the sources he reported and the many tarikh of the narrations. He wrote narrations and encouraged writing of hadith. He contributed to the development of hadith terms with some of the hadith concepts he used and drew attention with the abundance of mursal hadiths.

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Hattâbî ve Rummânî’nin Gözünden Kur’ân’ın Kelime Seçimindeki İ’câzı

Hattâbî ve Rummânî’nin Gözünden Kur’ân’ın Kelime Seçimindeki İ’câzı

Author(s): Adnan Arslan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

Some of the works written on the i’jaaz as an independent research field are pioneers in that they are among the firsts. Two of them belong to Hattâbî (d. 388/998) and Rummânî (d. 384/994). In Arabic, there are many closely related words that are in a pattern with each other. Choosing the most appropriate of these words according to the addressee and context is an important criterion that determines the quality of the literature. This virtue is at the miracle level in the Quran. Hattâbî and Rummâni examined the words of the Quran in terms of the literary virtue in question. Hattâbî did not stay within the framework of a particular literary art, but researched his word preferences in general and made comments about why that word was used in the Quran among other words with similar meaning. In this study, the two authors' approaches to the subject are examined.

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Klasik ve Modern Dönem Hadis Fetva Kitaplarının Muhtevalarına Yönelik Bir Mukayese

Klasik ve Modern Dönem Hadis Fetva Kitaplarının Muhtevalarına Yönelik Bir Mukayese

Author(s): Ali Can KANOĞLU / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

In this paper, I analyse the issue of “hadith fatwas” (al-fatawa alhadithiyyah), which has not studied enough in academic ground. The literature of hadith fatwas is consisted of the questions asked by all Muslims, whether they have academic interest in Hadith or not, to the scholars and the answers given by the scholars. The most famous samples of this literature, which dates back to 3rd century AH, were written in the 9th and 10th century AH. One of the most distinguishing features of this genre is that it addresses all Muslims. Various modern works can be included in this literature, which are similar to hadith fatwas in terms of the form and the audience addressed by them. However, the works of the pre-modern and modern eras differ in the sense of the questions and the answers. In order to introduce this genre and compare between its samples in two different eras, I examine the works of as-Sahawi, as-Suyuti, Ahmet Yücel and Yavuz Köktaş. In this study, I focus on writers’ wording and method, sources and content of subjects of fatwas.

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الشِّعْر على لسان النَّبيّ ﷺ دراسة في إشكاليّة عدم استقراءِ الروايات ونَقْدِها في تصوُّر الوقائع الحديثيّة

الشِّعْر على لسان النَّبيّ ﷺ دراسة في إشكاليّة عدم استقراءِ الروايات ونَقْدِها في تصوُّر الوقائع الحديثيّة

Author(s): Hamzeh Al-Bakri / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 1/2021

The scholars agree that the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) did not compose even one line of poetry before revelation was given to him or thereafter. They also agree that he was prohibited from doing this as a way of closing the door to any ambiguity about the Generous Qur’an, such that no one would confuse it with poetry. Despite there being no rational or scriptural proof for the impossibility of his reciting the poetry composed by others or mentioning verses of poetry composed by others, in its proper meter, the scholars differed about whether these things occurred historically. Many scholars stated that this did not occur and even blatantly said that if he (Allah bless him and give him peace) wished to use a line of poetry as an example he wouldn’t complete the line. And if he did complete a line of poetry as an example, he wouldn’t say it in its proper meter. This claim spread far and wide among many of the linguists, exegetes, and historians. They cited examples of this, and they provided as proof many reports such that this became a core axiom for them. If, however, they came upon a report that indicates that the Prophet recited poetry in meter form, they sought out some type of figurative interpretation. They did all of this without having first grounded their axiom in any type of proof and without providing any evidence for the correctness of the figurative interpretations that they put forward.

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Endülüslü el-A’mâ et-Tutaylî ve Şiirleri

Endülüslü el-A’mâ et-Tutaylî ve Şiirleri

Author(s): Ebuzer Sarp / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

One of the most important poets of the Almoravid period, al-Tutili wrote poems on many subjects such as praise, elegy, depiction of nature, love and wine. In his poems, it can be stated that the poet, who is seen to have deficiencies in terms of description and imagination due to the effect of his blindness, is at a culturally advanced level. In addition to his poems in the classical ode form, the poet also praised many muwashshahs. al-Tutili i s one of the few most important poets in the field of muwashshahs, originating from Andalusia and being a genre different from the classical ode form. These poems of the poet, who have many muwashshahs in his divan, will also be examined, and the differences between muwashshahs and odes will be mentioned. The fact that muwashshah poems were basically based on entertainment caused their content to differ. In this study, biography of the poet will be given as far as it is included in classical and modern sources, and his view of life, his character and literary tendency will be tried to be determined through his poems. For this reason, almost all the poems in his diwan have been reviewed.The place of poet who was also known as al-Maarri of Andalusia and not studied in Turkey in detail in Andalusian poetry tradition will be determined.

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YAT ÇALIŞANLARINDA DEMOGRAFİK FAKTÖRLERİN İŞ TATMİNİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ: BODRUM YARIMADASI ÖRNEĞİ

YAT ÇALIŞANLARINDA DEMOGRAFİK FAKTÖRLERİN İŞ TATMİNİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ: BODRUM YARIMADASI ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): Demet Kandemir / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of some demographic factors on job satisfaction. It was aimed to examine the relationship between job satisfaction and demographic factors such as gender, marital status, age, experience and education level. The data were collected from people who works on yachts in Bodrum, Muğla province. Because of the high season and pandemic effects have extended the response time for survey questions. The survey questions were collected from the crew of the yachts in Bodrum Milta Marina, Bodrum Marina, Yalıkavak Palmarina, Turgutreis D-Marin, İçmeler ATM Shipyard, Torba Harbour, Gündoğan Harbour, Türkbükü Harbour, Kumbahçe Daily Tour Harbour. Since the data were collected first hand as the method of the research, the survey method conducted on large groups was preferred. A sample size sufficient to represent the universe was chosen by using the questionnaire technique as the data collection technique. Job satisfaction scale (JSS) was used as a measurement tool in the study. The scale is a 10-statement job satisfaction questionnaire prepared by Tezer (1991). The questionnaires were filled in by meeting the participants face to face.

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TÜRK FUTBOLUNDAKİ YABANCI FUTBOLCU TRANSFERLERİNİN KÂRZARAR ANALİZİ

TÜRK FUTBOLUNDAKİ YABANCI FUTBOLCU TRANSFERLERİNİN KÂRZARAR ANALİZİ

Author(s): Gökhan Çetinkaya,Ümit Yildirim / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2021

In today's country football, where the quotas of foreign football players are frequently discussed, the necessity of examining the transfer of these football players from different aspects has emerged. The aim of our study is to analyze the profit-loss analysis of foreign football player transfers in Turkish football from a commercial perspective. The research data were taken from the Transfermarkt database, which is generally accepted in the football world. In the study, all foreign football player transfers made by publicly offered clubs (Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe, Galatasaray, Trabzonspor) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2019 were examined. The data obtained were transferred to the SPSS 24.0 program. Frequency and percentage tables are removed and interpreted. It has been determined that the clubs tend towards football players who have reached the maturity level in the 25-29 age group with a rate of 52.96% in the transfer of foreign players. The orientation towards young footballers is lower than expected. Brazilian footballers are the most preferred footballers with a rate of 16.30%. In transfer, the most shopping was realized with 62.22% European leagues. Transfer efficiency was found to be insufficient in foreign markets other than Europe (23.89%). Clubs lost a total of 262.12M € in the transfer of foreign players during the period under investigation. Transfers made by paying a transfer fee of 5M € or more have an important place in the total loss (55.30%). Looking at the last 5 years, it is seen that the clubs are in profit with 40.56M € in foreign player transfers. It is thought that the compelling effect of Financial Fair Play (FFP) criteria on clubs plays a leading role in the transformation of the commercial table from loss to profit in foreign player transfer.

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YEREL KATILIM AÇISINDAN KENT VE KENTLİ KİMLİĞİ, KENTSEL AİDİYET VE KENTSEL FARKINDALIK DÜZEYİ: BATMAN ÖRNEĞİ

YEREL KATILIM AÇISINDAN KENT VE KENTLİ KİMLİĞİ, KENTSEL AİDİYET VE KENTSEL FARKINDALIK DÜZEYİ: BATMAN ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): Muzaffer Bimay / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2021

Although the emergence of the urban dates back to B.C., the creation of the urban and urban identity and the establishment of the relationship of urban belonging were implemented in the 19th century, when urban participation mechanisms were implemented. based on the century. This period is the postindustrialization period in which the urban was defined in the modern sense, the urban was owned by the urbanites, democratic local government and participation mechanisms emerged, and local identities were realized. However, due to the intense population movements that post-industrialization urbanies are exposed to due to their socio-economic and cultural opportunities, it has become increasingly difficult to maintain the identity of the urban and the urban population, and to keep the local population alive with their level of urban belonging and awareness. For this reason, residents of the urban should adopt urban-specific behaviors and find the opportunity to participate in local government mechanisms in order to develop a sense of urban belonging and a level of urban awareness in terms of urban rights. Based on this, the aim of this study is to examine the feelings of urban belonging and awareness levels in Batman, which has undergone a rapid urbanization process in the last century, in terms of local participation and the exercise of urban rights of people living in the urban. In this context, 238 participants over the age of 18 were surveyed among the people who made up the target universe of the study and lived in the urban of Batman using the quantitative research method in the field research conducted. The surveys were conducted in the form of an applied field survey in 2020. In Batman, where most of the participants in the study spent their childhood or teenage years, it was found that they were urban conscious and aware of urban rights in the context of urban rights, but had problems exercising these rights due to insufficient participation opportunities caused by the dysfunction of local participation mechanisms. Therefore, in terms of urban and urban identity, it can also be said that most participants ' feelings of urban belonging do not develop. The study also emphasized the need to expand participation opportunities for the use of urban rights in order to improve the level of urban awareness

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SOCIAL PERCEPTION ON PROVIDING HEALTH SERVICES DURING THE FIGHT AGAINST CORONAVIRUS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE’S PRINCIPLES

SOCIAL PERCEPTION ON PROVIDING HEALTH SERVICES DURING THE FIGHT AGAINST CORONAVIRUS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE’S PRINCIPLES

Author(s): Özlem Taş / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2021

After the emergence of Covid-19, the countries have to adopt their health policies into the current situation. Countries’ fights against coronavirus have a certain effect on their economic and political decisions, as well as relations with other actors. In this research, it is aimed to explain how people living in Turkey perceive the health services during the fight against coronavirus from the perspective of global governance’s principles. In that regard, a survey has been conducted by a total of 329 people from 48 different provinces in 7 different geographical regions of Turkey from 13.05.2020 to 30.08.2020. The survey consists of two parts. In the first chapter, socio-demographic characteristics of the number of people who answered the survey will be explained. In the second chapter under the title of good governance, there are 40 Likert-type questions as an indicator of transparency, accountability, participation, equity, effectiveness, e-Governance, Global Governance. A survey method was applied in this research. Permission was obtained from the Scientific Research Platform of the Turkish Ministry of Health for the research. Data collected through survey was analyzed through Excel program in this article.

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KÜRESEL MEGA MARKA ŞEHİR: DUBAİ’NİN MARKALAŞMA SÜRECİ VE MARKA ALGISINA YÖNELİK ARAŞTIRMA

KÜRESEL MEGA MARKA ŞEHİR: DUBAİ’NİN MARKALAŞMA SÜRECİ VE MARKA ALGISINA YÖNELİK ARAŞTIRMA

Author(s): Çiğdem Çalapkulu,Kübra KIZILDAĞ / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2021

Cities have also joined the product and service competition among companies in the globalizing world. At this point, cities have gone through a branding process in order to separate from other cities, to create a value for themselves and to increase awareness. Cities that made their name known in the international arena through branding also attracted the attention of tourists in this way. In this study, the concept of city branding / brand city was explained and the branding process of Global Mega Brand City: Dubai was examined by the method of literature review and the studies carried out in this process were included. With the online survey created by researching the brand image in the minds of the Turkish people and the image of the city people of Dubai, which claims to be a brand city worldwide, the success of the brand city studies obtained in the literature review was measured and analyzed. Dubai's status in the international arena were evaluated based Turkey.

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COVID-19 SÜRECİNDE YÜZ MASKESİ KULLANMANIN YÜZ YÜZE İLETİŞİME YANSIMALARI

COVID-19 SÜRECİNDE YÜZ MASKESİ KULLANMANIN YÜZ YÜZE İLETİŞİME YANSIMALARI

Author(s): İpek Okkay,Fatih Bal / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2021

Although many of the facial expressions we encounter in our daily life do not belong to basic emotional categories, it is our ability to interpret them frequently. We can deliberately use facial expressions to get a certain kind of reaction from someone or even to persuade them of what we want. Although expressions are part of a complex non-verbal communication system, they can vary from culture to culture, but facial expressions such as sadness, anger, happiness and the like are universal. Facial expressions are one of the most important advantages of face-to-face communication. Thanks to facial expressions, we can understand what the other person thinks and feels, and thus we can communicate more effectively. With the COVID-19 epidemic, the masks we wear in social settings to protect both our own life and the lives of others cover the middle and lower parts of the face. Our communication processes were affected in this process, during which we cannot see most of the facial expressions that play a vital role in effective communication. The method of "document scanning - literature scanning" was used as a data collection method in the study. In this direction, how cognition, cognitive system, face recognition, face-to-face communication concepts were affected during the COVID-19 pandemic was examined. As a result of the study, it was examined that there were changes in our communication styles during the COVID-19 process.

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BATI BALKANLAR’DA İHRACATA DAYALI VE İÇ TALEP ÇEKİŞLİ BÜYÜME HİPOTEZLERİ BİRLİKTE HAREKET EDİYOR MU?

BATI BALKANLAR’DA İHRACATA DAYALI VE İÇ TALEP ÇEKİŞLİ BÜYÜME HİPOTEZLERİ BİRLİKTE HAREKET EDİYOR MU?

Author(s): Yağmur SAĞLAM LİMAN,Hüseyin Avni Egelı / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2021

In order to understand whether export and domestic demand-led growth hypotheses are moving together in the Western Balkans, Fourier Approach (unit root) and Hatemi-J causality tests are implemented for the annual data between 2000 and 2019. According to findings; it is stated that real gross domestic product consisting of net exports and domestic demand components is stationary even due to structural breaks and the two growth hypotheses are being carried out in a harmony. However, for each country, when Hatemi-J. causality test findings are examined, it is seen that the export-led growth hypothesis is accepted for Serbia, Montenegro and North Macedonia; but in Albania, on the other hand, no causality was found between net exports and domestic demand. In Croatia and Kosovo, both strategies work together, so there is a feedback relationship between net exports and domestic demand.

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“ÖTEKİ AMERİKA”NIN SESİ: HOWARD FAST’İN SUÇSUZLAR ADLI ROMANINDA YERLEŞİKLER VE GÖÇMENLER

“ÖTEKİ AMERİKA”NIN SESİ: HOWARD FAST’İN SUÇSUZLAR ADLI ROMANINDA YERLEŞİKLER VE GÖÇMENLER

Author(s): Murat Erdem / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2021

This study aims to provide an analysis of political, social and historical facts prevalent in the American society by looking into the cultural aspects of the 1920s America through the lens of the American author Howard Fast and his The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti (1953). The novel offers a fictional account of the execution of the two Italian immigrants, Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, without a fair trial. These two were convicted of a robbery that took place in Boston along with the murder of two security guards, an incident that plays an important role in American history. However, what the novel actually highlights is the threat posed to the American society and its established order by these two Italian immigrants and anarchists. In this study, building upon the intersection between literature and history, it is aimed to discuss the struggle of immigrants for existence and survival against this establishment. These people were subjected to discrimination and unjust treatment in a social structure, which can be defined as “The Other America.” In this respect, drawing upon discussion on literature and history, this study will attempt to juxtapose both narratives in order to unfold the political and cultural aspects emphasized in Fast’s novel. In the darkness of the 1920s, immigrants, workers, radicals, anarchists, socialists, communists and defenders of these worldviews in American society can be considered among those labelled as “others.” As opposed to them, local residents, with their racist, biased and xenophobic manners, stand as the representatives of the establishment and maintain its order via the practices of the law and academy in an atmosphere of the “Red Scare.” In this respect, from a perspective where literature and history intersect, while examining the conflict between the local residents and immigrants, we will unfold how the establishment employs state apparatus. Interestingly, in our country, although this novel by Howard Fast is translated into Turkish, almost no academic research has been carried out about the author and his work. I, therefore, consider this study to be of interest to researchers and students as it gives recognition to a prolific author and his novel.

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TASARRUFA DAYALI FAİZSİZ FİNANS SİSTEMİNE JAK BANKACILIK VE KARZ-I HASEN SİSTEMİ ÖNERİSİ

TASARRUFA DAYALI FAİZSİZ FİNANS SİSTEMİNE JAK BANKACILIK VE KARZ-I HASEN SİSTEMİ ÖNERİSİ

Author(s): Mustafa Beybur,Murat ÇETİNKAYA / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2021

The interest-free finance system based on savings and the existence of companies operating in this field in Turkey dates back to 1991. The number of these companies, which have been calling their activities the “cooperative” system for 30 years, has increased rapidly, especially since 2018. In this study information about the interest-free finance system based on savings and the companies operating in this field was given and the risks posed by the activities of these companies for the participants were revealed. However, in order to meet the housing and vehicle needs of retail customers with interest-free finance, JAK banking system, which is an example of the cooperative banking system in Sweeden, and a new financing model that can be created with the karz-ı hasen system from participation banking financing products have been proposed. In addition; recommendations were made regarding the issues that require the regulation and supervision of the interest-free finance system based on savings.

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