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Drepturile, protecţia şi asistenţa victimelor traficului de persoane în cursul procesului penal - perspective juridice şi psihosociale

Author(s): Anamaria Simon / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 22/2008

Year by year, children, teenagers, women and men are trapped by organized criminal groups and forced to beg, to work in inhuman condition or exploited through sexual exploitation. Trafficking in human beings is a multiphaced phenomenon with serious consequences on victim’s safety, health and fundamental rights. This problem has been manifested in regions that lack adequate legislation to prevent it. Recognized as a phenomenon of international organized crime and a gross human rights violation, the trafficking in person prevention, countering and the assistance of victims needs coordinated interinstitutional and multidisciplinary efforts of all those involved in the anti-trafficking fight. This paper presents Romania’s legislative and interinstitutional efforts to counteract trafficking in human beings and to assure victims social protection and interests. In this respect, the paper discusses aspects concerning the protection and psychosocial assistance of victims in the penal process, since their identification as victims until the end of criminal proceedings. The Human Trafficking Victims Coordination Program in the Penal Process, implemented by the National Agency Against Trafficking in Person, aimed to increase victims trust in the judicial institutions and their participation in the penal process, is illustrated by a case study.

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Asistarea tinerilor care urmează să părăsească sistemul de protecţie a copilului. Situaţia actuală şi deziderate pentru viitor

Author(s): Anca Maria Sîrghie / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 22/2008

This paper tries to estimate the effectiveness of social institutions/organizations which are responsible to help the young people in need and to respect their rights. According to the Romanian law, the young people had the same needs and rights. The need and the right to maintain the connection between young people and their families/relatives or with another person for whom young people feel affection, for example. Social services have varies limits at this time. Young people who are placed in foster family care or in residential care can benefit of those types of protection until they become 26 years old, if they are full-time students. There are some rights for the young people such as: the right to get a house, the right to receive a scholarship or other facilities to stimulate the young people employment. There are many institutions that have the responsibility to integrate the young people in the society, such as: Child’s Protection Department, Nongovernmental Organizations, Churches or another institutions. The collaboration between these institutions should be a support for young people, not an impediment in satisfying their needs. Child Protection system integrates the young people in society in two different ways: it integrate them in their families or in the group of work. The children can be adopted by Romanian people. Some young people in need can’t benefit by state welfare because they have no rights according to the law. The legislation and the resources available to assist young people in need have a lot of deficits. There are few jobs for the young people in need and it is difficult for them to get a house. The young people’s families or other institutions can’t support them to be integrated into the society and the young people assistance is insufficient for their needs.

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Copii în dificultate. Studiu comparativ Iaşi – Chişinău

Author(s): Maria Cojocaru,Dumitru Stan,Gabriela Irimescu,Mihaela Pitea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 22/2008

The research of the problems of children who are in difficulty and the finding of the best remedies to the identified critical issues are the main concerns for the care systems throughout the world. In Romania, as well as in the Republic of Moldova, such concerns are not recent. However, particularly in the recent years, these two countries have made considerable efforts trying to resolve the problems found. Depth reactions to counter vulnerabilities faced by individuals who are at the age of childhood may be expressed by many indicators: starting from statistics regarding the number of institutions of child welfare, the number of beneficiaries of child care services, the variety of measures to protect social child etc. and finishing with the number of research focused on the "child in difficulty" or to establish the accuracy of the concept "child in difficulty." Such indicators have been in our attention, and some of them will be shown as follows.

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Maintenir les liens parents-enfants en protection de l’enfance Du bon usage des visites médiatisées

Author(s): Sellenet Catherine / Language(s): French Issue: 22/2008

The relationships between parents and children are a concern in our society, even more so in times of crisis such as conflictual divorce, judiciary protection of the child, imprisonment or mental illness of one parent. In these extreme cases, maintaining the bond between the child and his/her parents is complex. The right of access is no longer exercised or badly, or sporadically, conflictually indeed even dangerously. In response to these issues, new professional answers have come out ; they have been called: visits in a neutral venue, visits with a third party, supervised, accompanied, regulated, protected, therapeutic visits… The vagueness of the lexis is constant including the judges’ who speak about: right of access, access with a third party, accompanied access… If the emphasis on the concept of right is constant, the modes of the exercise of this right fluctuate from one judge to another. Is it a question of the exercise of a simple inalienable right, of mediatizing, of controlling or educating? To answer these questions we have embarked on a research by interviewing all the actors of these visits: the judges, the professionals, the parents, the children. Studies which allow children to speak out and start from their experience to find the positive and the negative aspects of the singular organization of these family bonds are rare. The paper we are submitting aims to make visible a line of assessment which has often remained unthought of.

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The effect of Appreciative Inquiry as organizational development intervention on organizational planning and service quality improvement in St. Franci

Author(s): Chandramouli More / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

In general schools are used to annual planning models in spite of its weaknesses (process) and limitations (perspective). The focal organization based in a metro in India is no exception. In a significant departure from this general trend, this action research intends to craft a three-year holistic development plan for a school organization by employing an all-inclusive approach called Appreciative Inquiry. Further, the study examines the effect of Organizational Development Intervention (ODI) on the organization’s service quality. The study combines both qualitative and quantitative methods for data collection and analysis. In addition to formulating the development plan, the study finds significant difference between Pre and Post ODI in terms of parents’ satisfaction toward service quality in three out of the six dimensions.

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Exposure to cold environments at working places and cardiovasculare disease

Author(s): Leon Maria Magdalena ,Florin Mitu / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

Cardiovascular diseases are among the most frequent causes of illness and death among the active population, especially in industrialized countries, but also in developing countries. In industrialized countries are registered between 15% and 20% of workers suffering from cardiovascular disease while risk increases with age: between 45 and 64 years more than one third of deaths are recorded in men and one fourth in women. Working in cold microclimate can lead to health problems, decrease performance and increase labor productivity determining the occurrence of accidents at work, absence from work because of sickness. The worst case working in cold conditions may be linked with deaths due to accidents related to cold or because of an acute event occur in a pre-existing condition. Cardiovascular symptoms and decreased performance occurs especially during working in cold weather, especially among patients with cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular important risk factors. Increased awareness and identification in the workplace of individual risks associated cold is the first step in assuring a proper risk management. After this assessment, sensitive population groups need individual advice regarding prevention and protection work in cold microclimate. An important asset of people is touched by an unidentified form of asymptomatic or cardiovascular disease. Working conditions and job requirements for employment can trigger brutal events, acute cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic active staff requiring the development of complex programs adaptation and/or retraining.

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The deprivatization of family and its effects on parenting in Romania

Author(s): Daniela Cojocaru,Ștefan Cojocaru / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

The family is subjected to a variety of increasingly higher prescriptions coming from various institutional contexts, a phenomenon known as the deprivatization of the domestic environment. In this context, the paper presents a qualitative research, based on Grounded Theory, analysing the effects of deprivatization on parenting, on how it is defined, regulated and modelled in terms of respecting the ideology children’s rights as promoted by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In this approach, our attention is focused on parent education programs in Romania, especially those in the rural areas, bearing in mind the magnitude of the impact of the new ideologies on the traditional Romanian family culture.

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On the need for a model of social responsibility and public action as an ethical base for adequate, ethical and efficient resource allocation in the p

Author(s): Sandu Frunză / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

The present text intends to draw attention to the need for an efficient ethical model that should regulate the activity and resource allocation in the healthcare system, and particularly in granting access to healthcare to families with high poverty rates, as well as in caring for children. Thus, the paper focuses on an ethical perspective using the idea of the social responsibility of organizations and especially of the state as an organization that takes responsibility in the social field. From an ethical point of view, the social responsibility principle eliminates the divergences between ethical responsibility and financial responsibility that may appear in establishing public health policies and in the construction of an ethical model for service providing and resource allocation. The intention of the paper is not to propose a model but rather to emphasize the need for creating an ethical model in the Romanian public health system starting from the National Strategy and the Report of the presidential committee for analyzing and elaborating public health policies in Romania.

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Appreciative Inquiry based organization development intervention process on satisfaction and engagement of senior patients and sustainability of Sukav

Author(s): Piya Hirunwat / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

Thailand had a large family with the culture of collectivism in the past history. Currently, the family group has changed from large family to single family. Many elder family members are left alone and nobody takes care of them. Additionally, the Thai health care system has not fully developed like the other developed countries. Thailand has begun the development of elderly care system starting from low to high income social status. Sukavet Nursing Home is the hospice for the elderly patients. The main needs were to increase the satisfaction and engagement of senior patients and create the sustainability of the institution. The final results were that there was a significantly positive increase of the satisfaction and engagement of senior patients/family members and there was a positively increased sustainable business development of the institution.

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Using triangulation in targeting social interventions for at-risk-children

Author(s): Manuela Sofia Stănculescu,Monica Marin / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

This paper aims to substantiate the selection of communities to be involved in a project on developing institutional capacity to provide social assistance prevention services in the rural area. The proposed methodology is based on a triangulation approach in a two-stage model, combining statistical data with interviews with institutional stakeholders.

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What is the effect of grade point average (GPA) on courses taken either face-to-face or online by undergraduate working adult students?

Author(s): Peter Kiriakidis,James William DECOSTA,Antonio Sandu / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

The study site is a unique institution of adult students in the United States of America offering course modality choice to its students which is either face-toface (FTF) or online. Online instruction is offered completely online using Moodle as the online learning environment. The stakeholders at the study site needed research-based findings on the effect of grade point average (GPA) on courses taken either face-to-face or online by undergraduate working adult students in order for institutional reforms to take place on course modalities. The research question that guided this study was: What is the effect of GPA on courses taken either face-to-face or online by undergraduate working adult students? The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of GPA on courses taken either faceto-face or online by undergraduate working adult students. This study was grounded in the self determination theory (SDT) with its sub-set cognitive evaluation theory (CET). A comparative design of independent groups was used in the investigation of the research question. Archived data were collected on GPA, course modality, and course modality choice. Descriptive statistics and regressions analyses were performed within course modality choice. A significant effect of student choice of learning modality in student achievement either across or within course modalities was found.

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Social skills, nonverbal sensitivity and academic success. The key role of centrality in student networks for higher grades achievement

Author(s): Loredana Ivan,Alina Duduciuc / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

Previous researches proved that highly interpersonal sensitive people are popular among their peers and have better grades than low interpersonal sensitive ones. Those researches focused mainly on primary and secondary education and suffered from construct validity of the ‘popularity’ concept. We suggest a new way to measure popularity using Social Network Analysis and we refer mainly to network centrality as an indicator of the subject’s relational capital. The present research suggests that student relational resources could be useful also for the tertiary education, mainly college education and students’ centrality especially in the academic-related networks could be a key factor in predicting their academic grades in the end of the semester. We found the nonverbal sensitivity skills are correlated with individuals’ centrality in non-academic related networks, as for example ‘asking for financial support network’ and do not correlate with centrality in the academic-related networks. Being central in the academic-related networks, especially in the ‘exchange of information’ network, significantly increased student chances in get higher grades in the end of the semester.

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Socio-economic factors and hygienic food-illness involved in determining dental caries of 12-year-old children in rural and urban area

Author(s): Cornel Gh. Boitor,Alina Pitic,Anca Frăţilă,Liana Stanciu,Ana Maria Acu / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

Age of 12 is considered in most current research, reference age influencing both the incidence and intensity of dental caries and harmonious development of the dento - jaws of life of future periods. Two groups of students 12 years old, were studied, living in rural and urban areas, which were examined by a dentist and then they were questioned about the dental control method. The children’s parents were also asked to complete a questionnaire on maternal age at childbirth, mother’s education level, monthly family income, brushing supervision and control of children’s dentistry. The obtained data were registered in individual files and then centralized and statistically processed. Tags in rural areas have the following values: 89.6% caries frequency, intensity indicators DMF-T = 4.38, DMF-S = 9.11 and 6 year molars decayed percentage 69.44%. The values are the same indicators of urban decay rate 79.2%, DMF-T = 2.76, DMF-S = 5.69 and 6 year molars decayed percentage 30.55%. The study said that risk factors can act differently in rural areas where dental health problems are 1.48 higher than in urban areas. Regular dental check up, tooth brushing and effectively change your toothbrush every three months can significantly influence dental health at the age of 12 years in both environments.

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How sociability and trust impact on welfare attitudes. A cross-european analysis

Author(s): Malina Voicu,Bogdan Voicu / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2011

The bulk of the literature investigating the connection between social capital and the welfare state explores the impact of the latter one on various manifestations of the first one. The tested assumption is therefore usually related to the effects of the institutional arrangements on the existing resources. Our paper proposes a different approach, focusing on the effects of four social capital indicators on very general attitudes towards the welfare state. Using multilevel models, we show that the less formalized manifestations of social capital are negatively related to the support for a broader welfare state, while for the more formal ones the opposite holds true. Considering the relations between the welfare culture and the shape of the welfare state (as described in the literature), and our findings, we conclude that the institutional arrangements represent both a factor which models social capital, as well as a consequence of the latter one.

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Evidence-Based Practice: Knowledge, Attitudes,and Beliefs of Social Workers In Romania

Author(s): Patricia Luciana Runcan,Mihai-Bogdan Iovu / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2012

The social work profession has been undergoing a period of change and has been encouraged to prove the effectiveness of clinical interventions by scientific evidence. This study was therefore designed to describe the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of a sample of Romanian social work professionals to evidence-based practice (EBP). 62 social workers were required to complete a 37-item closed ended questionnaire, which collected information on demographic data, practice settings, knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding EBP. Respondents agreed that the use of EBP was necessary and that the quality of patient care was better when evidence was used, with the younger physiotherapists at the fore front. About 50% of the respondents had access to online information; the majority of these respondents only had time to access the internet more at home rather than at work place. The primary barrier to implementing EBP was insufficient time. The respondents had a positive attitude towards EBP and were interested in improving the skills necessary to implement EBP. There was a need to increase the use of EBP in clinical practice and decision making among social workers. The respondents who were recently licensed and those with post-graduate education expressed more positive attitudes toward EBP than those who were not. Results also point out the issue of appreciative inquiry (AI) as a key-component in successful implementation of EBP in social work clinical settings.

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Leadership Styles and Emotional Intelligence of Romanian Public Managers. Evidences from an Exploratory Pilot Study

Author(s): Dan Florin Stănescu,Cristiana Catalina Cicei / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2012

Research regarding the relationship between emotional intelligence, leadership styles and leadership effectiveness has reached high levels of interest in recent years, focusing on the framework of transformational/ transactional leadership proposed by Bass & Avolio. 101 Romanian Public Managers enrolled in the YPS (Young Professionals Scheme) program were assessed in view of exploring the relationship between leadership styles and emotional intelligence using MLQ (5x-Revised Form) and Bar-On’s EQ-i. On the investigated sample, transformational leadership was the dominant self-reported style, significant positive correlations being obtained between transformational leadership and emotional intelligence and between leadership effectiveness and emotional intelligence. Transactional leadership correlated with general EI score, and with the Adaptability and Interpersonal scale of EQ-i, negative significant correlation being obtained between Passive/Avoidant leadership, general EQ-i score and all the EQ-i subscales. The interaction between the Interpersonal, Stress Management and General Mood scales of EQ-i predicted 47.5% of the total variance of transformational leadership and the interaction between Interpersonal and Stress Management scales of EQ-i predicted 38.2% of the total variance of leadership effectiveness. The results offer a clearer perspective on the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership styles, the practical implications of the research consisting in the possibility to conceive organizational selection and training programs of transformational leaders based on emotional intelligence abilities.

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Exploring the Influence of Age, Ethnicity and Education as Risk Factors for HIV Transmission among Adolescent and Young Female Sex Workers in Romania

Author(s): Vlad Grigoras,Joanna Busza,Doru Buzducea,Florin Lazăr,Marian Preda / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2012

The present study explored the risk behaviors for HIV transmission of adolescent and young female sex workers (FSW) from three large cities of Romania. A snowball sample of 300 FSW aged 13-24 years old identified the main risk factors for HIV infection, based on measures of association between variables (Pearson chi square), tests for differences of means (t tests) and logistic regressions for predicting the vulnerabilities of respondents. The main risks identified were: injecting drugs and selling sex, being younger (under 18 years old), inconsistent condom use, belonging to the Roma ethnic group and having low education. Context-specific indicators of vulnerability include not having ID papers, having forced sex (reported by more than half of FSW) or having anal sex. Data reveal that younger FSW (under 18 years old) and of Roma ethnicity are experiencing higher risks than older ones and non Roma. While increased vulnerability among younger FSW has previously been identified, this study reveals that ethnic Roma FSW are overrepresented within this group and are particularly at high risk for HIV transmission.

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Assessing Good Intercultural Practices

Author(s): Miriam Fernández-Santiago,Octavio Vázquez-Aguado,Manuela A. Fernández-Borrero / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2012

This article analyses the characteristics that social intervention projects should have so as to be considered a good practice in intercultural terms. A Good Intercultural Practice Scale has been designed and used on 139 social intervention projects developed in Andalusia (Spain) by diverse public and private institutional actors in order to measure the impact of considering elements of cultural diversity in the design and implementation of social intervention projects. The results obtained show that considering the elements of cultural diversity in services aimed at culturally heterogeneous populations improves the intercultural performance of such services.

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Appreciative Inquiry and Organisational Change. Applications in Medical Services

Author(s): Daniela Cojocaru / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2012

This paper starts with K. Gergen’s ideas on the nature of theoretical knowledge and its role in social transformation and presents a methodology for generating knowledge and change in organizations, called appreciative inquiry developed by Cooperrider and Srivatsva. This methodology assumes the hypothesis that any organization is an arbitrary social construction, whose boundaries are drawn only by human imagination and collective will. There are presented the principles by which the appreciative inquiry is conducted in organisations and the discussions about the specific of knowledge produced in the context of organizational transformation. Gervase Bushe, one of the theorists of appreciative inquiry, considers it an organizational theory and a tool of social change, one of the most significant innovations in action research. At the end, the paper (article) explores applications of AI in the specific context of medical organisations and services.

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The Perception Adolescents in Kinship Foster Care Have of their Own Needs

Author(s): Ainoa Mateos,M. Àngels Balsells,Mari Cruz Molina,Nuria Fuentes-Pelaez / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2012

This article presents the most important findings concerning the socialeducational needs as expressed by adolescents in kinship foster care (KFC) in the study carried out I+D SEJ-026575 in Spain between 2005 and 2008. The data for the study was collected from discussion groups with adolescents in kinship foster care AFE (n=57) from different autonomous communities in Spain. In the needs assessment the data was collected in the following categories: characteristics of Foster care in kinship family; family history; foster family and foster child; biological family and foster child; self-awareness; healthy family life; free time; the future after fostering. In the results found the following needs stand out: emotional family stability; overcoming problems related to the generation gap with the Foster family, greater openness and clarity dealing with family history, establishing norms and limits, increasing the frequency and quality of parents visits, finding ways of aiding relationships between the foster family and the biological parents, providing support and resources to the foster family, affronting in an educational way subjects such as sexuality, drug addiction, pro-social activities and lastly preparation to face the future after foster care. Incorporating these elements in the support programme for adolescents in KFC can contribute in a positive way to the cognitive, emotional and behavioral development of these adolescents.

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