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„Bitte vergeßt nicht, alle Briefe gut aufzuheben“

„Bitte vergeßt nicht, alle Briefe gut aufzuheben“

Author(s): Jacqueline Vansant / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2019

After the National Socialists came to power in March 1938 a group of 15 and 16 year-old classmates of Jewish heritage met for the last time and promised to keep in contact with one another as a group. The boys’ original promise resulted in a group correspondence, or “round letter” as they called it, which stretched over more than a decade and crisscrossed three continents. Drawing on the essay „What is Agency“ by Mustafa Emirbayer and Ann Mische, Vansant examines the correspondence as an expression of shared agency. It provided the youth with a means to act at a time when their options were severely restricted and it allowed them to resist the efforts of the new regime to destroy their community. Indeed, the establishment, the survival, and the archiving of the group correspondence or “round robin” are all expressions of the boys’ agency. In this essay, the letters are a window into the drama of the period and they serve as witness to the boys’ inventiveness as well as their familiarity with a lost letter-writing culture. The correspondence, which consists of 106 round letters for a total of 675 individual letters, has been housed in the Archive of the History of Austrian Sociology in Graz, Austria since 1994.

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Between Self-Defense and Loyalty - Jewish Responses to the Numerus Clausus Law in Hungary, 1920–1928

Between Self-Defense and Loyalty - Jewish Responses to the Numerus Clausus Law in Hungary, 1920–1928

Author(s): Judith Szapor / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Enacted in September 1920 in Hungary, the numerus clausus law, the first antisemitic law in postwar Europe introduced discrimination against Jews in higher education. Ostensibly a remedy for the “overcrowding” of universities, the law breached the previous, liberal era’s concept of equal citizenship. This survey of Jewish responses to the law between 1920-1928 is based on the coverage of Egyenlőség, the representative weekly of assimilated, Neolog Jews. The arguments voiced by contemporary commentators against the numerus clausus law highlight their precarious position, between fighting to maintain full membership in the Hungarian nation while also nurturing a sense of Jewish identity; ultimately, they reflect their views on the prospect of assimilation itself.

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Rezension von Auf den Ruinen der Imperien - Erzählte Grenzräume in der mittel- und osteuropäischen Literatur nach 1989

Rezension von Auf den Ruinen der Imperien - Erzählte Grenzräume in der mittel- und osteuropäischen Literatur nach 1989

Author(s): Marianne Windsperger / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2019

Dass die Imperien des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts in den mittel- bzw. osteuropäischen Literaturen und den historischen und literarischen Narrativen über diese Räume ihre Spuren hinterlassen haben, ist in den Kulturwissenschaften bereits gut erforscht, nicht zuletzt haben dazu unterschiedliche Forschungsprojekte an Universitäten in Österreich und Deutschland beigetragen. Der hier vorliegende Band geht diesen Spuren auf intertextueller, politischer, kultureller und sprachlicher Ebene nach.

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Večno vraćanje i odluka

Author(s): Gianni Vattimo / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 15/2011

Zaratustra je prorok večnog vraćanja jednakog i ujedno onaj koji objavljuje natčoveka. Razumeti vezu između ova dva značenja Zaratustre znači razumeti rešenje – u okviru gore definisanih granica – koje Niče predlaže za problem oslobođenja, te vezu tog rešenja sa idejom vodiljom maske. Rešiti problem oslobođenja znači u stvari, kako smo više puta rekli, početi misliti mogućnost ne više metafizičkog čoveka, genealoške misli slobodne od bolesti lanaca. To je problem koji Niče namerava da reši idejom večnog vraćanja jednakog. [...]

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Refleksivna moć suđenja i ukus

Author(s): Hannah Ginsborg / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 15/2011

Pojam refleksivne moći suđenja Kant je uveo kao odgovor na problem koji se tiče empirijske heterogenosti prirodnih pojava. U svetlu ovog problema čini se da se refleksivna moć suđenja primarno odnosi na mogućnost primene u sistematskoj prirodnoj nauci. Međutim, Kant takođe smatra da se ona koristi i u sudovima ukusa*: „pod estetskom moći suđenja, kao naročitom moći, neće smeti da se posmatra neka druga moć do refleksivna moć suđenja.“ Shodno tome, on smatra da mogućnost ukusa počiva na istom principu a priori za kojeg misli da stoji i u osnovi empirijskog naučnog istraživanja, naime principu da je priroda sistematski ustrojena tako da se povinuje, ili, Kantovim rečima, da je svrhovita za naše saznajne moći. „[Estetska moć suđenja] ... sadrži princip koji moć suđenja stavlja potpuno a priori u osnov sopstvene refleksije o prirodi, naime princip formalne svrhovitosti prirode u njenim empirijskim zakonima za našu moć saznanja.“ [...]

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Filozofija povesti kao jeres savremenosti

Author(s): Dragan Prole / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2010

The first part of the article deals with the reason why Patočka names his philosophical essays heretical. The motive for Patočka’s self-conscious heresy at first turns out to be a reaction to the ruling canon of modern philosophy which rejects the possibility for the philosophy of history to become something more than “the middle range theory” As opposed to it, Patočka stands for a comprehensive philosophy of history, the function of which is creating a responsible relationship in the historical reality that came after world wars. Historical productivity of Patočka’s concept of responsibility materializes itself in a paradoxical and heretically isolated will which directs us toward the deepening of our detachment and points us toward facing the long lost confidence in the normative character of history. The second part of the essay thematizes the concept of heresy with reference to relationship between phenomenology and philosophy of history. Patočka denies non-historical presuppositions of phenomenology by significantly moving the focus of the concept of transcendence. Transcendence, according to Husserl, was the established, the logically emphasized and the cognitive, according to Heidegger, it was primarily an existential achievement, while according to Patočka, it acquires markedly historical features. Those features are being analyzed in the third part of the essay where the Patočka’s thesis on the origins of European history according to Plato is being interpreted as a third type of heresy with regards to the standpoint of modern philosophy of history. Emphasizing that it is impossible to reflect on Europe without considering Plato and Aristotle, Patočka suggests that we should eventually recognize our situation as being historically determined. This is why he insists on a different nature in the image of responsibility which does not form itself according to the reality of the natural world, but rather according to the reality of the historical world.

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Hermeneutika kao model teorije istorijskog iskustva

Author(s): Una Popović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2010

The main theme of this essay is the question of possible conceptual and theoretical formulation of historical experience. This is to be analyzed on example of foundation of social sciences. The author questions the possibilities of a different type of rationality and concepts in view of traditional logics, that considers them as necessary and general, as the possibilities of understanding the individual and contingent. Historical perspective and change in use of concepts are understood as crucial for contemporary philosophy.

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Ideja prirodne povesti

Author(s): Theodor W. Adorno / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2010

Dozvolite mi da unapred napomenem da ono što ću govoriti nije predavanje u pravom smislu, niti je to saopštavanje rezultata ili uverljivo sistematsko izvođenje, već da se nalazi u ravni pokušaja i da nije ništa drugo do napor da se preuzme i dalje razvije problematika tzv. frankfurtske diskusije. Ja sam svestan koliko se toga lošeg govori o ovoj diskusiji, ali takođe i toga da je njena središnja tačka ipak pravilno postavljena i da bi bilo pogrešno ako bi se stalno počinjalo ispočetka. [...]

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Franz Rosenzweig: Das „Neue Denken“

Author(s): Kurt Walter Zeidler / Language(s): German Issue: 14/2010

According to his own understanding, in his work The Star of Redemption (1921) Franc Rosenzweig offered „the system of philosophy“ which tended to new thinking, i.e. to philosophy renaissance by virtue of „theological notion of revelation“, but his critique of the „old philosophy“ was primarily focused on historical-relativistic cultural conscience, by which god, world and man – „the three last and first subjects of all philosophizing“ – are scattered away in a disarray of gods, worlds and men. Therefore it can be asked whether Rosenzweig’s critique of the three former ideas of reason (Kant) should be understood only as an existential rejection of „universality of thinking“ (Levinas) or as something more – as a demand that the logic of ideas and mediation of ideas be reconsidered again.

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Hegelovo shvatanje istorije filozofije

Author(s): Mina Okiljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2010

Discontinuity with the tradition of interpretation of history of philosophy as an anthology of opinions took place in Hegel’s philosophy. The essence of his standpoint is expressed in thesis that history of philosophy is, by all means, a philosophy. As a movement of the spirit and presentation of his development, philosophy and its history express themselves through what Hegel calls development of concrete. Establishment of history of philosophy such as this is enabled by distinguishing history of outer circumstances from internal history as history of mind. The later is always a result of all previous philosophies, and it preserves them by simultaneously exceeding them. In the same manner that an idea progresses in its logical notion, it also shows its development in history of philosophy. As a reflection of the current level of spirit’s evolution, every philosophy is a product of its own time, and, for that reason, it presents the only possible way of (philosophical) spirit’s existence in that particular moment. Hegel steps out against understanding the difference as contradiction, and indicates that the substance of spirit is actually in the unity of identity and difference. In this way, diversity of philosophies in history of philosophy is explained as indispensable mode of philosophy’s own existence.

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Saga o Aspasiji i Periklu. Heterizam i (ne)moralnost grčkog braka

Author(s): Željko Škuljević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 14/2010

On border areas of Hellenic philosophical considerations of phenomenality of the day to day life of ancient Greece, some authors, especially those from France, have found material for the reconstruction of the facts that belonged to different areas of that life. In this paper, author follows such methodological intention. Starting from the old romanesque material on the relation between Pericles and Aspasia, the author intends to reconstruct the so-called woman question in Hellenic polises of classical epoch.

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Sartrovo zasnivanje fenomenološke ontologije

Author(s): Marica Rajković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2010

The main attempt of this paper was to show Sartre’s constitution of the new theory of being, consciousness and phenomena – of the phenomenological ontology. In Sartre’s key works on this subject, „Being and Nothingness“ and “The Transcendence of Ego“, phenomenological ontology is founded through criticism of earlier phenomenologists and ontologists: Husserl and Heidegger (Sartre criticised Husserl’s notion of a transcendental ego, as well as Heidegger’s raising questions that we cannot give answer to). However, Sartre’s foundation of phenomenological ontology goes even further, positioning itself also on the criticism of idealists, rationalists, empiricists and psychologists. In Sartre’s opinion, phenomenology has removed the illusion of „worlds behind the scene“, that took place in dualism of Kant’s ideas of phenomena and noumena. Consciousness is always consciousness of something or someone, but always consciousness of an object. This non-positional quality of consciousness is what makes ontology what it is. And the fact that „third parties“ are the tangible foundation of the intangible self, is what makes this ontology a phenomenological ontology!

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Subjektivitet i tumačenje u Šlajermaherovoj hermeneutici

Author(s): Saša Hrnjez / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2010

Schleiermacher’s project of the universalization of hermeneutics has been seen as the very beginning of its modern history. By dividing the process of interpretation into two separate, but mutually dependent aspects: grammatical (objective) and technical, or psychological (subjective), Schleiermacher conceived the interpretation as a structurally dualistic, but fundamentally infinite process of moving toward the totality of sense. Different readings of Schleiermacher attribute to him either primacy of the linguistic or primacy of the intentional-psychological. The purpose of this work is to put Schleiermacher’s hermeneutics in a dualistic light, whereby we can speak only about a mutual cooperation between two equally important aspects of the interpretation. In such context the problem of subject is defined by its dualistic nature. Moving from one aspect of the interpretation to another, the place of subject reveals itself as essentially problematic. Subjectivity is not considered in the terms of negation and self-determination, so in Schleiermacher there is a subject which constantly finds itself under the power of the objective structures (language, literal-artistic genres, tradition etc.). Therefore, the intention of this papers is to demonstrate that Schleiermacher’s hermeneutics, opposed to all critics of its romantic subjectivism, is not enough subjective. Subject is possible only as a borderline category.

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Nastava logike u srednjoj školi – od 1950. do 2010.

Author(s): Ana Kuburić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2010

This historical overview of logic teaching shall begin with school year of 1952/53, when eight years long elementary education was introduced. It can be noted that, in literature concerning logic teaching in our country, emphasis is not put on that period. Considering the fact that the state of Yugoslavia was existent at that particular time, formal decisions immediately related to all republics. Valuable ideas from one territory were implemented in others, being of common interest. Intensive engagement in the field of methodics of logic teaching took place in Croatia, as it is today. Textbooks Logic from Gajo Petrović and Methodics of philosophy teaching of Josif Marinković are still in use in Serbia today, due to the fact that they are still considered as the best solution. That is why history of logic teaching should be analysed since that period up to today.

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Çocuk Romanlarının Demokratik Kültür Bilinci Edinimine Etkisi (Burdur İli Örneği)

Çocuk Romanlarının Demokratik Kültür Bilinci Edinimine Etkisi (Burdur İli Örneği)

Author(s): Yasemin Gül Gedikoğlu Özilhan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2016

This study aimed to investigate the effect of learning conditions which were created on the basis of children’s novels at 2nd grade of secondary education on acquisition of democratic culture awareness. In the study which was carried out at Turkiye Odalar ve Borsalar Birligi (TOBB) Secondary School which is in the centre of Burdur, experimental design was used. A scale developed by the researcher was applied to the participants. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was found 0.87. It is seen that the factor loads of the scale change between 0.43 and 0.83. The scale consisted of 10 dimensions and 52 items. Dependent and independent samples t tests were used for the analyses. In order to create learning conditions, 3 native 3 foreign children’s novels were selected by field experts. The learning conditions created on the basis of these novels were implemented to the experimental group for 12 weeks of period. According to the findings of the study, there were not any significant differences between the experimental and control groups in terms of acquisition of democratic cultural awareness. However, a significant difference was found between male and female students in the experimental and control groups in favor of male students regarding acquisitions of democratic culture awareness.

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Çok Uyaranlı Eğitim Ortamlarının Öğrencilerin
Okuduğunu Anlama ve Yazılı Anlatım Becerilerine Etkisi

Çok Uyaranlı Eğitim Ortamlarının Öğrencilerin Okuduğunu Anlama ve Yazılı Anlatım Becerilerine Etkisi

Author(s): Hatice Turhan Ağrelim / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2016

In this study aiming to define the effect of education environments with multiple stimulus on students reading comprehension and written discourse skills, an experimental model with pretest and posttest practice with control group. Education situations considering education environments with multiple stimulus prepared by researcher has been implemented to experimental group in secondry school 2 level for fifteen weeks. Accordance of linguistic (stimulant with literary characteristics; challenging, amusing and informative linguistic stimulant), visual (picture, comics, short movies), auditory (classical music, sounds) with theme and their suitability with students’ linguistic and comprehension universe are taken care in created education situations. The effect of education environments with multiple stimulus on students reading comprehension and written discourse skills has been evaluated by using t-test. At the end of the research, it is concluded that education environments with multiple stimulus on students reading comprehension and written discourse skills are more effective compared with traditional education environments. According to data acquired at the end of research; it can be remarked that Turkish classes with multiple-stimulus education environments can contribute to development of students reading comprehension and written discourse skills.

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Home Language Skills of the Third-Generation Turkish-Dutch Bilingual Children in the Netherlands

Home Language Skills of the Third-Generation Turkish-Dutch Bilingual Children in the Netherlands

Author(s): İrem Bezcioğlu Göktolga / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

With the aim of investigating the role of first language skills in second language acquisition and school achievement in the immigration context, this study presents the findings of the home language skills of the third-generation Turkish-Dutch bilingual children (n=24) living in the Netherlands by comparing them with their monolingual peers (n=24) living in Turkey. Turkish language skills of the bilingual and monolingual group have been tested through word definition, word order repetition, grammaticality judgment, syntagmatic and paradigmatic word relations, lexical comprehension, lexical production and semantic fluency tasks. The results reveal that the bilingual children lag behind their monolingual peers in word definition, semantic fluency, syntagmatic word relations and lexical production tasks. The causes can be attributed to limited first language input and lack of institutional support for immigrant languages, which may lead to problems on children’s concept and cognitive development besides second language acquisition.

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Çeviri Odaklı Karşılaştırmalı Dilbilgisinin Temel Çeviri Becerisi Edinimindeki Önemi

Çeviri Odaklı Karşılaştırmalı Dilbilgisinin Temel Çeviri Becerisi Edinimindeki Önemi

Author(s): Emra Durukan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2016

This descriptive study aims to suggest an alternative to help second grade students at the department of German translation acquire first translation skills in praxis based on the method of translation-focused contrastive grammar in the frame of German – Turkish translations. The suggested teaching method was preferred consciously taking the current general student profile, performance, language level and expectations, as well as the academic conditions in Turkey into consideration. It has been observed in the praxis translation lessons that the current second grade students studying at the translation departments tend to translate resource-based and one to one. The translation-focused contrastive grammar method suggested in this study is accepted as a tool to reinforce the German grammar knowledge of the students, to teach students basic strategies regarding translation praxis and at the same time to strengthen language awareness regarding the use of the Turkish language.

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Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçede Bildirişim Konularına Göre Kalıp Sözler

Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçede Bildirişim Konularına Göre Kalıp Sözler

Author(s): Funda Uzdu Yıldız / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2016

Formulaic expressions are one of best language units to define the society’s world-view, values, have a supportive role in foreign language teaching. Base of this study is the teaching of formulaic expressions of Turkish as a foreign language. Document Analysis Method was used in this study. The purpose of this study is to analyze the studies about formulaic expressions, to list formulaic expressions within communication themes are found in Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. Firstly, the definition of formulaic expressions, the features and the place in teaching Turkish as a foreign language have been described. After that, formulaic expressions have been listed according to communication themes are found in Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.

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Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Diktenin Yeri

Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Diktenin Yeri

Author(s): Gülden Tüm / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2016

The aim of this study to investigate the impact of dictation applied frequently as an effective method in language teaching, whether foreign learners of Turkish language become aware of phonetics of letters in their target language-Turkish, aproximate period of producing target language with no errors, and foreign learners’ opinions about dictation as well. There have been limited studies on dictation in a foreign language; however, these studies give discriptive aspects of using dictation done in native languages. Therefore, this study is considered as a contribution in this field, especially for language instructors to give a clear idea whether ten-week dictation application could improve learners’ writing skills in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. The data of this study are carried out by 19 Erasmus students taking Turkish lessons in a Turkish University in Turkey. The other point is to draw attention to corpus studies which strongly needs to shed light on the lexical issues. The results indicate that learners in multi-national calsses dramatically start correcting their written morphological mistakes within seven weeks.

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