The Sound of Yellow: Kandinsky's yellow colour in von Hartmann's and Schnittke's music

Author(s): Neda Kolić / Language(s): English Issue: 03 (30)/2016

The pioneer of abstraction, Wassily Kandinsky (Васи́лий Васи́льевичКанди́нский, 1866–1944), used musical terms as titles for his paintingswith intention to release them from the themes, considering that musicis “the art which has devoted itself not to the reproduction of naturalphenomena, but rather to the expression of the artist’s soul, in musicalsound”. Through his paintings Kandinsky rethought the principles ofmusic. Not a painting, but an another artistic creation, through whichwe are given a chance to cognize Kandinsky’s comprehension of music,is The Yellow Sound (Der gelbe Klang, 1912), a “composition” for stage.It is the paradigm of Kandinsky’s “true stage-composition”, his totallynew view of theatre that consists of three elements – musical movement,pictorial movement, and physical movement, but interwoventogether in harmony that will trigger inner harmony in a spectator.Music for his scenario was provided by the composer Thomas vonHartmann (Фома́ Алекса́ндрович Га́ртман, 1886–1956), and anothermusical version was written by Alfred Schnittke (Альфре́д Га́рриевичШни́тке, 1934–1998 / Der gelbe Klang, 1974). In Concerning the Spiritualin Art Kandinsky presented his theory of colour through which he explainedhis own (synesthetic) view of yellow colour / sound, particularlyin comparison with blue colour, that was “musicalized” through TheYellow Sound. What kind of yellow and blue tone Kandinsky had inmind, and what nuances of these colours did von Hartmann / Schnittkesee / hear? What musical instrument(s) can produce yellow, i.e. bluecolour? Which music scale / tone / interval has yellow / blue tone(s)?Are we able to perceive all the shades of yellow / blue sound?

Obraz Košíc v slovenskej historiografii v rokoch 1918 – 1938

Author(s): Ondrej Ficeri / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2015

The aim of the article is to reconstruct the image of the town of Košice produced by members of Slovak historiography, and by Czech historians working in Slovakia in the period of existence of the First Czechoslovak Republic 1918 – 1938. The article focuses on answering the questions: how was the „magyarized“ image of the town „slovakized“ by Czechoslovak historians, how they refl ected on the pre-Trianon Magyarization of the town, how they referred to importance of Košice in the Hungarian nation narrative; which processes and events in the history of Košice were emphasised, and which were obeyed. The article deals with variety of strategies in picturing the town and in reinterpretation of the respective historical events in its history. It also attempts to evaluate what role Košice played in the constructed Czechoslovak national discourse. Finally, the article aims to explain reasons, why Košice in the inter-war period, despite becoming a strategic metropolitan hub of East Slovakia, was left in the peripheral position in the context of the Slovak national narrative.

Отношенията на шериатските съдилища с държавната власт във Вардарска Македония 1918 – 1941 г. и ислямската религиозна общност

Author(s): Rejhan Mandak / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

In this article the application of Sharia law over the Muslim population of Vardar Macedonia is demonstrated. The application of Sharia Law form the establishment of Ottoman rule until the end of the Second World War is directly related to functioning of state Sharia courts. In this era the Sharia law is part of the positive law. With the change in the historical and political context in the aftermath of First World War, the Sharia court have been included in the Yugoslavian secular state as a structure, relatively independent form the Muslim religious authority, which is based on principles of spiritual hierarchy. Its application have had a positive impact, preserving the Muslim population`s identity. After the Second World War the Sharia court are dismissed. From the legal-normative point of view it is not possible to state that this is Sharia law, because there is a lack of state coercion, which is one of the prerequisites to talk about law. After this point, the essence of sharia ruling is preserved via moral relations and obligations, customs and traditions and the work of the religious institutions as well.

Ефимерността на италианските „републики сестри“ и техният пряк наследник Италианската република в периода (1796 – 1804 г.)

Author(s): Emil Dokov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The French Republic supported the spread of republican principles in Europe, but most of these sister republics became a means of controlling occupied lands through a mix of French and local power as client states. This article aims to analyze the outcome of the revolutionary triennium (1796 – 1799), when as a result of the French conquest of the peninsula some republics were established.

Житейски разкази, гранична реалност и политическа конюнктура

Author(s): Mira Markova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2017

Political reality often changes human life. It gives opportunity to make unchangeable choice. Life on the border or between two borders sometimes becomes a habitual event. The dynamic transformations in human life are presented through the prism of the personal fate of two significant figures of the Bulgarian public life from the middle of the XX century - Esto Vezenkov and Boyan Mihailov.

Обичаи и обреди, свързани с бременността и раждането на дете при българи, турци и роми в Кубратския край

Author(s): Sevim Kurtchu / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

This work is focused on customs and rituals associated with pregnancy and childbirth of inhabitants of 16 villages in Kubrat area. Using the published materials and ethnograpfical materials collected during field work (2007 – 2013) the author reveals in a comparative terms birth customs of various ethnic and confessional groups – Bulgarians, Turks ( Alevi and Sunni ) and Roma ( Christians and Muslims ) . The author compare the rituals connected to infertility , pregnancy, birth and 40 – day postpartum period .

LACTANCIA Y LACTANTES NOVOHISPANOS: PREFIGURACIÓN DE UN MAL MÁS ALLÁ DEL CUERPO. UN CASO DEL ECLECTICISMO LITERARIO EN EL ARTE MÉDICO DE LA NUEVA ESPAÑA

Author(s): Marcos Cortés Guadarrama / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 2/2020

Se estudia el enfoque que se le dio a la lactancia materna en diversos textosde la temprana modernidad: obras médicas de los siglos XV al XVII del Viejo y delNuevo Mundo y crónicas de la conquista espiritual de América. El corpus textualseleccionado lo unifica su marcado providencialismo y su potestad Divina. Se proponeubicar estas obras desde una tradición que toma en cuenta el eclecticismo y eldinamismo en la materialidad de la cultura escrita: siempre se construye un texto a partirde distintas fuentes para conseguir, de modo activo, algo novedoso. Con base en esto, sedestaca que los autores médicos y cirujanos de esta clase de obras crearon unametatextualidad en dos sentidos: uno propio del quehacer del arte médico y otromeramente literario. Finalmente, se propone entender las funciones de los autoresdentro del entramado al que invita su discurso normativo de estilo áspero, desde el cualdefendieron la idea de un paraíso en el Nuevo Mundo ante el cisma que tuvo la Iglesiaen el siglo XVI.

The Romanian Army in the Chronicles of the Bulgarian Military Periodicals – the Case of the “Military Journal”, 1888 – 1912

Author(s): Boyan Zhekov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

In late 19th – the beginning of t he 2 0th century the development of the Romanian Army certainly occupied the attention of the Bulgarian military periodicals. A good proof of this is the articles published in the “Military Journal” – without doubt the most important issue amongst the Bulgarian military periodicals. Tracing the Military Journal’s articles with respect to the Romanian Army in the period 1888 – 1912 can serve as an indication of what military issues interested the Bulgarian military circles decades ago.

Балканите в орбитата на етническите и религиозните проблеми

Author(s): Antoaneta Balcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

Are the Episodes and Entities in the Rāmāyaṇa Depictions of the Interplay of the Triguṇas?

Author(s): B.N. Hebbar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This article attempts to show if the entire story of the Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa is perhaps a narrative which is a subtle depiction of the interplay of the three guṇas of sattva, rajas and tamas which are cardinal principles in the ontology, cosmology, psychology and soteriology of the Sāṅkhya-Yoga system of classical Hindu philosophy.

Cătălina-Ioana Pavel, Acolo unde se naște musonul. Un an în regatul zeului Parasurama, Cluj-Napoca: Editura Casa Cărții de Știință, 2023, 202 pp., ISBN: 978-606-17-2176-4.

Author(s): Daria Ioan / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Review of: Cătălina-Ioana Pavel, Acolo unde se naște musonul. Un an în regatul zeului Parasurama, Cluj-Napoca: Editura Casa Cărții de Știință, 2023

Sarvani Gooptu, Knowing Asia, Being Asian. Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism in Bengali Periodicals, 1860–1940, South Asia edition, New Delhi: Routledge, 2022, 276 pp., ISBN: 978-1-032-33229-1.

Author(s): Mihaela Gligor / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Review of: Sarvani Gooptu, Knowing Asia, Being Asian. Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism in Bengali Periodicals, 1860–1940, South Asia edition, New Delhi: Routledge, 2022, 276 pp., ISBN: 978-1-032-33229-1.

ТРАКИЙСКИТЕ ОЛТАРИ – ЗНАЧИМОСТ, ТЕРЕННА РЕСТАВРАЦИЯ, ОПАЗВАНЕ

Author(s): Dimcho Radev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 22/2023

The article is focused on a specific type of artifacts, made on the terrain from clay and then roasted. In most cases they have been created in Thrace in the period III-I cent. BC. In our archaeological literature they are denoted by the Greek word “eskhara” (platform for sacrifices), but we shall use here the term “altar”. In the process of the archaeological excavations many factors directly affect the stability and integrity of the altar and determine the appropriate restoration methodology. In the Bulgarian archaeological practice over the past decade restorers are usually not included in the terrain work. This approach brought to extremely negative results and irreversible loss of valuable information. Incompetent treatment and storage of the altars makes the archeological study senseless, hinders the identification and scientific interpretation of the altars. The author insists that a change in the treatment of the Thracian altars has to be done.

Балканските войни: човешки съдби между героизма и трагизма

Author(s): Stoyan Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3S/2023

Наука и война – 1912 – 1913 г.

Author(s): Kalin Ranchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3S/2023

In 1912 – 1913 Bulgaria fought the Balkan Wars. These were wars of national unification fought in territories with Bulgarian population. Therefore, among all the other issues that the representatives of the Bulgarian authorities had to face, they also had to take care of the study and preservation of cultural and historical monuments. This was all the more necessary as these territories were free for the first time and came within the borders of the Bulgarian state. And this would mean that the individual monuments had to be registered, their scientific importance assessed, and measures taken for their preservation. This led to the idea of organizing several scientific expeditions to Thrace, Macedonia and Dobrudja, in which the most eminent Bulgarian scientists were involved. During the wars, Dr. Bogdan Filov was commissioned to lead a scientific mission to Eastern Thrace and Macedonia to uncover, describe and collect archaeological and ethnographic monuments.

Балканските войни (1912 – 1913 г.) през погледа на американската дипломация

Author(s): Boyan Zhekov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3S/2023

The historiography devoted to the Balkan Wars of 1912 – 1913 is considerable in volume. There is hardly any research however regarding the question how such a distant country as the USA “sees” the development of the two military conflicts in the southeastern part of Europe preceding the Firs World War. An excellent basis for putting the topic on the agenda is created by the available documents from the archives of the USA – both published and in digital version. Their inclusion in scientific circulation will not fundamentally change the general knowledge of the Balkan wars, but it will add some interesting touches to it. This is precisely the main, if modest, purpose of this brief paper.

SHIFTING IMPERIAL POLICIES TOWARDS PROVINCIAL ELITES IN THE ROMAN, BYZANTINE, AND OTTOMAN BALKANS AND ASIA MINOR

Author(s): Antonis Anastasopoulos,Luisa Andriollo,Cédric Brélaz / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The article focuses on imperial policies towards provincial elites in the Balkans and Asia Minor in three major empires which succeeded one another, namely the Roman, the Byzantine, and the Ottoman. Provincial elites were important for imperial power as intermediaries between local communities and central authorities. Our article adopts a political and institutional approach, and focuses on provincial elites as agents who were given formal or informal shares in the mechanisms and hierarchies through which empires were governed. Following surveys of imperial policies towards provincial elites in the three polities, it argues that, unlike the concept of empire which can be universal, imperial systems of government are neither uniform nor static, and depend on such factors as state ideology, historical circumstances, and political and economic exigencies. Ultimately, our article demonstrates how structural differences in the very conception of imperial governance and ideology resulted in differentiated policies towards provincial elites.

Ролята на историко-правното знание в системата на юридическото образование

Author(s): Hristo Pavlov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2024

This article is devoted to the place and role of the discipline “History of the State and Law” in the system of legal education. It provides an opportunity not only to acquire in-depth knowledge in the field of the historical development of the state system and legal regulation, but also provides a basis for awareness of the contemporary state-legal situation. The study also allows to predict the further development of the state and the law.

A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF MUSEUMS’ ACTIVITIES IN SOUTHWESTERN BULGARIA AFTER ADOPTING THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ACT

Author(s): Sotir Ivanov / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2024

According to the definition by ICOM, „A museum is a not-for-profit, permanent institution in the service of society that researches, collects, conserves, interprets and exhibits tangible and intangible heritage. Open to the public, accessible and inclusive, museums foster diversity and sustainability. They operate and communicate ethically, professionally and with the participation of communities, offering varied experiences for education, enjoyment, reflection and knowledge sharing.“ (https://icom. museum/en/resources/standards-guidelines/museum-definition/) At first glance, the museums in Bulgaria, and correspondingly those in Southwestern Bulgaria, adhere to the definition provided by ICOM. They are non-profit institutions and engage in research, collection, preservation, interpretation, and presentation of tangible and intangible heritage. However, upon closer examination and precise analysis of their structure and operations, we would have to classify museums as serving administrative bodies rather than serving society. According to Article 25, paragraph 3 of Regulation No. N-00-0001 of February 14, 2011, concerning field archaeological research, public access to archaeological documentation is severely limited, and comprehensive access to the full range of archaeological materials is practically impossible. In practice, visitors have access to minimal artifacts and information, which need to be improved to create a fundamental understanding of the respective archaeological culture, settlement, or structure. There are no annual, medium-term, or long-term plans for archaeological, ethnographic, historical, interdisciplinary, or exhibition development. There is no strategy for restoration and conservation. Practically no activity is conducted regarding intangible cultural heritage. The closure of museums in Southwestern Bulgaria within municipal administrations and their limited resources restricts public interest in museums and their capabilities. In order to compensate for this, as well as to be attractive to society, museums shift from presenting culture to presenting shows. Instead of authenticity, reconstruction, a product of the subjective views of specific researchers, is exhibited. The article directs the attention of museums and their activities towards the needs and resources of society. If museums have real, not fictitious, communication with society and scientific communities, they will achieve sustainability and a real presence in cultural life.

STATE-SOCIALIST ROMANIA TURNED GLOBAL: CULTURAL ENCOUNTERS DURING THE COLD WAR

Author(s): Irina Nastasă-Matei,Caterina Preda / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2024

This special issue reflects on the cultural relations of state-socialist Romania between the 1950s and 1980s from the perspective of “cultural internationalism” and “cultural transnationalism”, both within the state-socialist world, and beyond.