Mobilisations des femmes, médiatisations numériques et émergence de l’activisme par le bas en Tunisie et au Maroc

Author(s): Zeineb TOUATI,Hassan ATIFI / Language(s): French Issue: 30 (2)/2022

This contribution deals with the evolution of women's mobilization forms and digital activism in Tunisia and Morocco and their media coverage. The objective is to observe and describe the main demand topics for more individual freedoms and women's rights carried by citizen and activist actors in the Tunisian and Moroccan digital space. The study focuses on a double corpus resulting from a regular monitoring of Facebook pages, Twitter accounts as well as the Youtube platform. This analysis allowed us to point out the new forms of engagement allowed by digital media and to show the emergence, in these countries, of a new activism from below that is complementary but autonomous from classical activism.

Les stratégies socio-discursives employées par le MITSAM face à une présentation de soi confisquée du personnel infirmier. D’une construction de l’opportunité à une rhétorique d’interpellation plurielle

Author(s): Abderrafiî Khoudri / Language(s): French Issue: 30 (2)/2022

This article proposes to analyze the protest discourse of MNHTM. In order to understand its functioning, it is confronted with the various contexts which promote it and which determine its functional and representative complexity. This will lead to deduce how the activists of this movement rely on a rhetorical arsenal and factors that are more situational than structural to advance their position. The collection of our corpus is made possible by ethnographic and nethnographic observation of MNHTM protest practices. It is completed by interviews with its representatives and members. This paper draws on the methodological and conceptual apparatus of the sociology of social movements and discourse analysis to show that the protesting statements of this movement aim to convince by means of a tight argument, enriched by their modulation according to the differences in perception of the nursing cause. In this respect, the discourse becomes a tool that is used to integrate institutional channels. The construction of the mobilizing opportunity is motivated by the same objective. However, based on perceived contextual cues, it does not work as expected.

Le rite du mariage catholique : un contexte communicationnel engageant et instituant

Author(s): Stéphane Amato / Language(s): French Issue: 30 (2)/2022

Through an interdisciplinary approach linking ritual studies, microsociology, anthropology and the binding communication paradigm in particular, this article broaches upon Catholic marriage as a subject of studies. This is a first attempt at considering the strength of the link established in the Catholic marriage, by focusing more notably on interaction and communication contexts. It is suggested that in the future, connections could be drawn between rites and commitment, according to the meaning of the very same theory.

Investigation and Reflections on Gender Differences in Vocal Music Education

Author(s): Ming Jiang,Chao-Jung Wu / Language(s): English Issue: 79/2022

The purpose of this study is to explore the teaching methods and related theoretical studies of gender differences in bel canto. Focusing on four aspects: breathing, vocalization, resonance, and emotional expression, this study implements vocal music through gender-differentiated teaching methods and strategies. By carrying out a case study, the author summarizes the application and effectiveness of these teaching methods in the teaching of bel canto, and draws the following conclusions based on the research results: first, teaching methods tailored for gender differences enable students to make rapid progress in singing, breathing, vocalization, resonance, and emotional expression; their goals of learning vocal music are clearer. Second, the gender- dependent teaching methods promote the amelioration of vocal music teaching, break through the difficulties in practical teaching, and improve the teaching level and ability of instructors. Finally, this article puts forward teaching and research suggestions for vocal teachers and vocal education.

Corruption as Legacy on Occurrence Undermining Human Rights - An Exploratory Research on the Third Sector Response in Albania within Western Balkan Context

Author(s): Juliana Zaharia / Language(s): English Issue: 79/2022

Literature view to corruption as a form of abuse with power and procedures guided research design, and construction of the variables throughout comparative analysis of data, with purpose to introduce through this study a new perspective on the distinct role that the structures of the third sector play in opposing corruption in society. Data collection through quantitative and qualitative methods engaged 406 respondents (n = 406) representing 372 civil society organizations, associations, foundations and social enterprises. Considering Albania as the country in Western Balkan with an widespread corruption exposed from anti-corruption organizations and groups, conducting the study through an one-single nation setting provide a representative background to empirically based scientific conclusions on consequence of corruption to human rights and opportunities, as an underestimated consequence from the perspective of the social sciences.

Working From Home – Why Aren’t We Happier?

Author(s): Annabelle Olivia Utamalie,Audrey Amanda Sasmito,Jyureiko Sagita Mailoa,Willy Gunadi / Language(s): English Issue: 79/2022

This study seeks to determine the impact of working from home policies due to COVID-19 restrictions towards work-life balance and job stress, and the effect of work-life balance and job stress on job satisfaction during the pandemic. It also approached the possibility of workload as a moderating variable between WFH and work-life balance, and WFH and job stress. Changes during the pandemic caused a difference in working conditions employees must adapt to. Using a regression analysis including 200 respondents of Indonesian employees, the results confirmed the relationships between WFH to work-life balance and job stress, and work-life balance and job stress towards job satisfaction. Workload did not have a moderating effect between WFH towards work-life balance or job stress.

Efficacy of Attitudes and Interventions of Social Work Professionals: A Review

Author(s): Joan Albert Riera Adrover,Tatiana Casado,José Francisco Campos / Language(s): English Issue: 79/2022

Social work is a practice-based profession and academic discipline that promotes social change. According to the academic literature, the relationship elements between the professional and the client explain 45 percent of the change that occurs in a socio-relational intervention. The study objective is to measure the effectiveness of attitudes and interventions that social workers implement during the helping relationship. A review that synthesized scientific evidence was carried out. The results distinguished between attitudes and interventions. On the one hand, they highlighted the relevance of the therapeutic alliance for attitude development. On the other hand, they pointed out the importance of motivational interviewing as well as “cognitive-behavioral” and “Solution-Focused Brief Therapy” theoretical models for intervention development. Conclusions highlighted attitudes and interventions implemented in social work which are typical of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy and strengths-centered approach. In addition, emphasized the particular value of therapeutic alliance and motivational interviewing.

School-Wide Positive Behaviour Support as Preventive Framework to Reduce Disruptive Behaviours: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author(s): Cristina Tabacaru Dumitru,Georgeta Chirleşan,Valentina Stîngă,Maria Constantinescu / Language(s): English Issue: 79/2022

Disruptive behaviours negatively interfere with learning outcomes, forcing schools to identify effective preventive and intervention strategies in order to improve behavioural school climate. An extensive body of research promotes School-Wide Positive Behaviour Support (SWPBS) as an effective preventive framework to foster prosocial behaviours and simultaneously reduce disruptive behaviours. This paper presents the findings from a study that aimed at investigating problematic behaviours during primary education among typically developing children and to examine subgroup differences in the effectiveness of the SWPBS framework in Romania. Participants in our study were a sample of 973 teachers teaching in 30 schools from the Arges county schools. A descriptive statistical analysis was undertaken (a) to identify the type and intensity of disruptive behaviours, (b) to analyse the characteristics of schools with a high frequency of problematic behaviours and (c) to test if school-related variables (such as school size and location) can be linked with students’ disruptive behaviours. Results indicated that higher rates of disruptive behaviours identified by teachers from our research sample were noisiness while entering the school, running in hallways. Problematic behaviours are more likely to be identified and defined by more experienced teachers, although the correlation proved to be small. Problematic behaviours correlated positively with school size and location. The bigger the school, the more disruptive behaviours were present. The current study adds to the evidence that schools are unique organizations and a school-wide prevention model should be developed considering the school characteristics and their specific context. Research limitations and implications for policies are also discussed in this paper.

The Passive Resistance of the Securitate’s Informers. A Foucauldian Perspective on the Case of the Archaeologist Nubar Hamparțumian

Author(s): Liviu Mihail Iancu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

The inefficiency of the Securitate, the secret political police of the Romanian communist regime, has recently emerged as an interesting hypothesis based on files of the people it targeted and testimonies of its informers. This research conducted on the file of the archaeologist Nubar Hamparțumian, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology of Bucharest between 1956 and 1975, when he emigrated to the United Kingdom, and informer under constraint of the Securitate between 1960 and 1983, aims to bring new insights on this issue. The passive resistance mounted by Hamparțumian mainly through providing inoffensive information on the targeted people and ignoring instructions to develop closer ties with them, while pretending to be loyal and disciplined, falls into the Foucauldian category of micro crimes of activity and time against the disciplinary institution, which was the Securitate. Whereas this kind of resistance, coupled with the poor planning and excessive bureaucracy of the Securitate, certainly made the secret police inefficient, it did not turn it into an ineffective institution, too.

IDEOLOGIES OF THE (AB)NORMAL IN SALLY ROONEY’S "NORMAL PEOPLE"

Author(s): Tijana Matović / Language(s): English Issue: 78/2022

By employing theories of ideology proposed by Louis Althusser, Pierre Bourdieu, and Slavoj Žižek, this paper aims to interpret the ideological dynamics of “(ab)normality” which inform the narrative of Sally Rooney’s second novel, Normal People (2018). Althusser’s idea of interpellation, Bourdieu’s notions of habitus, field, and symbolic capital, alongside Žižek’s psychoanalytic theory of the sublime object of ideology and the traumatic remainder constitutive for subjec- tivity, contribute to the analysis of Rooney’s representations of the late capitalist age, how it configures the spiritual realms of love and literature, and of (radical) intimacy as a potential space for alternative relations to those of the competitive power struggle.

ИДЕОЛОШКА РАСЛОЈАВАЊА И КОНСТРУКЦИЈЕ ПОЛУИСТИНА У "ЛАГУМУ" СВЕТЛАНЕ ВЕЛМАР­ ЈАНКОВИЋ

Author(s): Miljana Pešić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 78/2022

The subject of this paper is a new historicism reading of the novel Lagum by Svetlana Velmar-Janković. The chronotope of post-war Belgrade and the desti- nies of characters of various profiles in the communist environment are suitable for analyzing the dynamic model of culture and ideological traces in the narrative. The paper deals with the dominant ideologies of the literary template, narrative instances as important elements of the ideology of the text, as well as the problem of the relationship between literary material and its artistic transposition. Narrator Milica Pavlović writes memoirs in her old age, offering a personal view of the past, aware that she cannot present it objectively, which makes her view of the Truth as an unattainable ideology unusually close to the understanding of new historicism. Lagum is a work in which ideological inscriptions can be said to be inconsistent to the extent already announced by its motto, and the notion of the authentic past is revised during the complex processes of writing and reception. The search for a great History, as an objective Truth about the past, remains at the intersection of small, personal histories and their semi-truths.

Could humour make advertisements worse?

Author(s): Vytautas Dikčius,Karina Adomavičiūtė,Ieva Venskuvienė / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of sexist advertisements on the perception of advertisements’ violation, ridiculousness and consumers’ intention to purchase a product by considering different cases of interaction between the type of advertisement (sexism without humour and sexism with humour), the direction of sexism and the respondents’ gender. The study uses a two-by-two factorial design experiment to investigate data obtained by means of a questionnaire (183 responses). Data analysis revealed that the involvement of humour in sexist advertising has a negative impact on the perception of the advertisement and consumers’ intention to purchase. Furthermore, the direction of sexism (against women vs men) appears significant when it is paired with humour. The results of the study fill a research gap regarding the impact of the interaction between the type of advertising, the direction of sexism, and the respondents’ gender on the perception of specific advertisements and intention to purchase the advertised product.

Book review

Author(s): Olivera Tesnohlidkova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

Digital Generation Y and Z in the Field of Tourism: Psychological Dimensions of Morality

Author(s): Illia Pysarevskyi,Ivan Okhrimenko,Nataliia Bogdan,Svitlana Zharikova,Nataliia Vlashchenko,Iuliia Krasnokutska,Olena I. Uhodnikova,Ihor Bloshchynskyi / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

Significant transformations in postmodern society determine the need to form a space of digital communications and the involvement of information and communication technologies. Such trends make significant demands on various categories of professionals, including managers in the field of tourism. The aim of this research is to study the psychological peculiarities of morality in the representatives of digital Generations Y and Z in the field of tourism. In accordance with the aim, we paid attention to the study of such components of moral regulation as ethics attitude, moral foundations, justice sensitivity and moral disengagement. The research involved 200 participants being represented by volunteers from five regions of Ukraine, including 100 respondents in the age of 25-30 who formed part of the Generation Y group; the other 100 participants in the age of 18-23 formed the Generation Z group. The results show that millennials are more idealistic. The intercrossing of the factors of idealism and relativism allows us to characterize millennials as situationalists, and centennials as subjectivists. It is ascertained that millennials are characterised by such important moral foundations for judgments as “Faithfulness”, “Purity”, which is reflected in the greater importance of “Ethics of community”. At the same time, it was found that centennials place more emphasis on the moral foundations of care and justice, and as a result, they are more committed to the “Ethics of autonomy” and “Progressivism”. The research confirmed the uniqueness and specificity of the moral regulation of different digital generations of representatives of the tourism industry.

Obrona „życia”

Author(s): Marta Zimniak-Hałajko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

In this article, I will discuss discourses on defending “life” as a value that does not require justification and must be unconditionally protected. Using material collected during research on Polish public discourses and social movements (anti-abortion, environmental, and human rights movements), I reflect on how a life worth protecting is defined in individual cases, along with the conditions and tools connected with this protection. In my analysis, I refer to the concept of “fragile life,” relational ontologies, the ethics of care, and other ideas.

Mindfulness jako nowy ethos korporacji

Author(s): Jan Biedziak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

From therapeutic centres, mindfulness has infiltrated society and is now one of the most popular self-help methods, with a brilliant career in the past few years. Over the decades, mindfulness has been adapted to the Western world and has dominated not only health-related academic discourse but has increasingly begun to appear in discussions about management and the future of education. In the first part of the article, I introduce the idea of mindfulness. I point out its modern individualised and secular nature. To this end, I cite the work of Jon Kabat-Zinn, who developed the modern version of mindfulness and launched the mindfulness revolution. In the second part, I present mindfulness as a lifestyle. Through conscientious performance of practices, mindfulness becomes, so to speak, a modern version of asceticism, which is supposed to lead to well-being in general and evokes associations with the principles of Protestant asceticism and the ethos of capitalism described by Max Weber. Particularly noteworthy is the model of introducing mindfulness practice into companies, as discussed in the third part of the article. In the context of the neoliberal system, such a practice fits into the current of personal development and provides practical solutions for employees. It also produces its own ethics, which fits into the current of individualism. The last section is devoted to the issue of McMindfulness, or criticism of the introduction of mindfulness into companies. In this section, I cite arguments that point to the use of this technique to increase company profits and pacify employees. The above elements reveal mindfulness as a practice which is adapted to neoliberal conditions, and which adopts and modifies specific principles derived from Protestant asceticism. Consequently, the practice of meditation is slowly ceasing to be merely a method of therapy and is becoming a generally accepted norm in the pursuit of mental well-being. It may become the ethos of modern corporations.

After Me/Ontopolitics: Post-Socialist Necroecologies in a Non-Philosophical Key

Author(s): Andrija N. Filipović / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2022

The complex relationality between inheritance of the socialist past, the socioeconomic transitional present characterised by extractivist capitalism, and a future marked by species extinction, produces post-socialist necroecologies. On one hand, relationally devastating resource extraction produces necroecological non-becoming through its meontopolitics; on the other hand, there are mass movements calling for the cessation of that extraction and for an ontopolitics of becoming other than those causing environmental destruction. This article concerns the non-philosophical reduction of the metaphysical presuppositions of these environmental material-semiotic practices in contemporary Serbia, showing that they are grounded in ontological pairs of non-becoming and becoming. To think about the post-socialist necroecological material-semiotic condition in a non-philosophical key means thinking about it neither relationally nor non-relationally, neither through non-becoming or becoming, but unilaterally, through heno-humaneity and beyond Western metaphysics.

Measuring Mas: A Metaphysical-Bakhtinian Perspective on the Trinidadian Carnivalesque

Author(s): Chelsea Sinanan / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2022

Carnival is a space of play where you are at once earthly and divine. We are born to this culture, writing our narratives in song, dress, tradition and spirit. As Trinidadians, we embed our lives, our creativity, and our souls into this sacrament. And every year it blesses our people with inspiration, solace and liberation. The theoretical premise of this paper combines social constructivism and Mikhail Bakhtin’s dialogism, heteroglossia, and chronotope to investigate aesthetic architecture within the Trinidadian carnivalesque (mas). A series of narrative interviews were conducted with Carnival band leader Valmiki Maharaj and visual artist Jackie Hinkson, gathering core meanings, intentions, and processes of creation attached to the Trinidadian brand of Carnival. This work highlights the aesthetic manifestations of reflection, creation, and connection as represented in murals, costuming, and carnival accoutrements, whilst acknowledging the cultural and historical frameworks that support these structures.

How Do Leading Scholars from Central-Eastern Europe Assess the State of Their Region Post-1989?

Author(s): Dennis Smith / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2022

Din Referanslı Hareketlerin Sosyo-Politik Bağlamda Karşılaştırılması: Evanjelizm ve Gülenizm (FETÖ) Örneği

Author(s): Muhammed Yamaç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2022

Religion is a social phenomenon. In particular, religion's legitimation and instrumentalization power can be functional in many dimensions of religion-referenced movements. The socio-political context of these movements is not independent of the functionality of religion. In the study, Evangelicalism and Gulenism (Fetullah Terrorist Organization - FETÖ) were examined comparatively within the framework of a socio-political approach. In this sense, it has been determined that movements have similar tendencies in many dimensions. It has been understood that Evangelism and Gulenism have identical aspects and contents regarding socio-political preferences that differ from the religious tradition they refer. In the study, documentation, one of the qualitative method techniques, and a sociological and understanding point of view were used. In this context, only similar trends of the findings or data were focused on and these were tried to be revealed by comparative analysis. The study, “Evangelicalism and Gulenism in terms of which social policies tendencies contain similar features?” scrutinizes the problem. The conclusion reached is that Gulenism and Evangelicalism have similar tendencies of many aspects in the socio-political context. The main subject of the study is to reveal the similar trends of the movement in terms of establishment, stages of development, structuring, national and global scale social policies, goals, discourse, activities, and strategies.