Cookies help us deliver our services. By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. Learn more.
  • Log In
  • Register
CEEOL Logo
Advanced Search
  • Home
  • SUBJECT AREAS
  • PUBLISHERS
  • JOURNALS
  • eBooks
  • GREY LITERATURE
  • CEEOL-DIGITS
  • INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNT
  • Help
  • Contact
  • for LIBRARIANS
  • for PUBLISHERS

Content Type

Subjects

Languages

Legend

  • Journal
  • Article
  • Book
  • Chapter
  • Open Access
  • Politics / Political Sciences
  • Civil Society

We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

Result 6641-6660 of 7908
  • Prev
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • ...
  • 332
  • 333
  • 334
  • ...
  • 394
  • 395
  • 396
  • Next
Quid Russian Democracy?

Quid Russian Democracy?

Author(s): Nikolay Petrov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The year 2004 was marked by a whole set of failures by President Vladimir Putin’s regime. Continuation of the anti-federal reform, electoral reform and intensified pressure on civil society should be mentioned in this respect. It was the first year of a purely Putin political regime and one that has proven it to be extremely ineffective. Nevertheless, during the period from late 2004 to early 2005, the Orange Revolution in Ukraine and the mass protest movement caused by the monetary reform gave room for much more optimism with regard to the prospects of democracy in Russia. Although the glass is still “half full and leaking” to use Michael McFaul’s image, the end of the leaking is clearly in sight because the glass will either be repaired or replaced in a relatively short while. Since last January, the idea of extreme passivism on the part of the Russian public as a whole and especially among the youth is over, as well as the notion of stagnation under Mr Putin with absolute certainty and predictability. Russian democracy is in better shape than one could imagine if looking from the outside at what has been going on in the country over the last few years. Indeed, Mr Putin has weakened all the democratic institutions except for the presidency, and last year brought further changes in the direction of authoritarianism. Thus the evaluation by Freedom House reflects the grim state of democracy in Russia. There are, however, at least three reasons to be more optimistic with regard to the future of Russian democracy: 1) the regions, which in some cases are much more democratic than the centre; 2) Russia’s youth, who are much more active and interested in keeping and promoting democracy than has until recently been recognised – indeed, experts are underestimating the impact of the whole shift of the voters’ generation, which has been taking place since the late 1980s; and finally, as explained below, 3) the machinery of managed-democracy (MD).

More...
Prospects for Democracy in Belarus

Prospects for Democracy in Belarus

Author(s): Uladzimer Rouda / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Belarus is a country in which democratic revolution has not yet taken place, but this essay argues that its chances are rather high. This conclusion is related in some paradoxical way to one of the main shortcomings of Belarus at present in comparison with pre-revolutionary Georgia and Ukraine: the character of the current political regime in the country. A semi-sultanistic political system with its low level of institutionalisation, high fusion of the ‘public’ and ‘private’, and the concentration of all power in the hands of the head of state, leaves very limited opportunities for any other forms of democratic transition connected with reforms from above or bargaining by elites. As Larry Diamond has stressed, “when authoritarian rule has been highly personalistic and decadent…the real impetus for democratic change tends to originate outside of the regime in the mobilization of civil society”. The nature of the power – personal rather than organisational – makes it difficult for opponents within the regime to oust the ruler and also makes it unlikely that such opponents would exist in any significant numbers or the strength necessary for initiating reforms from above. In other words, the rapid transformation of President Alexander Lukashenka’s power into a neo-patrimonial one simultaneously portends its movement towards an inescapable collapse in the form of “replacement” in Samuel Huntington’s words or “ruptura” in Juan Linz’s definition of this phenomenon.

More...
Islam, Freedom and Democracy in the Arab World

Islam, Freedom and Democracy in the Arab World

Author(s): Bassam Tibi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

It is argued that the developments in the field of democracy in the Arab world have more important implications for Europe than for the US. If democracy is dismissed, it will be impossible for the European Islamic diaspora to integrate. Political freedom in Arab societies will not fall from heaven. Nor will it be presented as a gift by a ruler or be successfully imposed from outside by an external power. History teaches us that people have to fight for their rights and will continue to be subjugated as long as they fail to do so. In this context one needs to ask whether political Islam provides a light at the end of the dark Middle Eastern tunnel. The answer of the present analysis suggests that it does not. Yet the historical experience of introducing democracy to the Arab world has shown that no one can overlook the religion of Islam while talking about democracy in a political sense. The place of Islam has to be restricted, however, to an ethics of democracy and never be extended to a system of government and state. This author cannot detect the spirit and institutions of democracy either in the concept or practice of a Shari’a state. Therefore, the de-politicisation of Islam is an essential part of the needed democratisation of this religion. Stated in a nutshell, this formula presented by the Islamists of al-Islam huwa al-Hal [Islam is the solution] is to be reversed: political Islam is not the solution! The conclusion is thus twofold – on the one hand, there can be no democracy or democratisation without engaging an Islamic discourse on this issue. On the other hand, an Islamisation of politics in the Arab world is not the right avenue for introducing a civil Islam that is consonant with democracy. To be sure, democracy is a political culture of rule based on pluralism; it is not a valuefree procedure of voting for a political direction that opposes pluralism in a civil society in favour of a religion-based rule under the heading of ‘nizam Islami’ [Islamic system]. This nizam would be no road to democratisation. Arab democracy cannot be a copy of Western democracy. Nevertheless, it could be a variety of the phenomenon of a universal democracy, but never really a rule in its own terms.

More...
UVOD

UVOD

Author(s): Mia Čustović,Zlatiborka Popov-Momčinović / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

LGBT zajednica predstavlja jednu od najmarginalnijih grupa bh. društva. Međutim, dok druge i, nažalost, nebrojene marginalne grupe u BiH mogu, u relativnom smislu, javno i otvoreno ukazivati na vlastitu diskriminaciju i marginalizaciju, outovanje LGBT osoba u borbi za priznavanje i uživanje vlastitih prava nerijetko vodi još većoj diskriminaciji i izloženošću nasilju. Ova grupa je, fukoovskim jezikom rečeno, izložena posebnom obliku nadziranja i kažnjavanja. Naime, radi se o disciplini kao blokadi, a koja se uvodi u vanrednim slučajevima: “sprečiti širenje zla, prekinuti komunikacije, zaustaviti protok vremena“.1 Jer, ne radi se o direktnoj kontroli vlasti nad nepoželjnim elementima kroz stroge, hijerarhijske i funkcionalne mehanizme, kakve predstavljaju zatvori, već o difuznoj proizvodnji moći kroz interpelaciju u svijest pojedinca i društva o onome što je zlo, neprirodno, nepoželjno. Uprkos tome, cilj je isti: stvaranje poslušnih tijela, a u kontekstu bh. društva stvaranje etničke biomase koja će samu sebe reproducirati. Iz tih razloga, LGBT teme se nerijetko posmatraju kao simbol onog što je strano “prirodnom“ stanju etno-konfesionalno podijeljenog društva kakvo je bosanskohercegovačko.

More...
PREPORUKE

PREPORUKE

Author(s): Mia Čustović,Zlatiborka Popov-Momčinović / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

More...
IV DIO: Devedesete, rat i nakon rata u Bosni i Hercegovini

IV DIO: Devedesete, rat i nakon rata u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Arijana Aganović,Zlatan Delić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Ovo poglavlje će se baviti položajem žena u periodu 1992–1995. Ovdje će biti predstavljene uloge žena u različitim oblastima djelovanja, kao što je vojska, civilna odbrana, obrazovanje, medicina, umjetnost, politika, ali i žene kao ratne zločinke, te žene kao žrtve silovanja.

More...
UMJESTO ZAKLJUČKA: Ženska civilna scena u Bosni i Hercegovini

UMJESTO ZAKLJUČKA: Ženska civilna scena u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Zlata Grebo / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Ovu knjigu zatvara govor profesorice doktorice Zlate Grebo koji je održala na konferenciji povodom obilježavanja desetogodišnjice potpisivanja Pekinške deklaracije. Konferenciju su organizovale Žene ženama u Sarajevu od 25. do 27. novembra 2005. godine. Ovakvim završetkom knjige želimo, prije svega, da pokažemo beskrajno poštovanje prema misli i zalaganju Zlate Grebo, jedne od najvećih naučnih radnica BiH, kao i da ukažemo poštovanje i solidarnost Udruženju Žene ženama, koje su nam sestrinski ustupile ovaj govor.

More...
LIDERSKE VJEŠTINE ZA MLADE AKTIVISTE I AKTIVISTICE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

LIDERSKE VJEŠTINE ZA MLADE AKTIVISTE I AKTIVISTICE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Author(s): Julia Mikić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

U svrhu osnaženja potencijalnih budućih lidera u Bosni i Hercegovini, za Akademiju političkog liderstva Sarajevskog otvorenog centra, namijenjenoj mladim aktivistima i aktivisticama političkih stranaka i civilnog društva koji su činili grupu učesnika Akademije, „vještine“ su podijeljene u četiri radionice, odnosno modula: 1) identitet – što je identitet, individualni i skupni identitet, razlika naslijeđenog/nametnutog i odabranog identiteta; 2) moć uvjeravanja – oblici komunikacije (verbalna, neverbalna, paraverbalna), što je argument, igra uvjeravanja; 3) pregovaračke sposobnosti – identifikacija tipova pregovarača, pregovaračke strategije, pregovaračke taktike; 4) primijenjene vještine – primjena argumentacije i pregovaranja u igri interesa.

More...
ANALIZA STANJA RODNO OSJETLJIVIH POLITIKA KROZ LOKALNE GENDER AKCIONE PLANOVE OPĆINA ISTOČNA ILIDŽA, KALESIJA I NOVI GRAD, SARAJEVO

ANALIZA STANJA RODNO OSJETLJIVIH POLITIKA KROZ LOKALNE GENDER AKCIONE PLANOVE OPĆINA ISTOČNA ILIDŽA, KALESIJA I NOVI GRAD, SARAJEVO

Author(s): Hatidža Dedović,Nataša Okilj,Nedžada Avdić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Gender akcioni plan BiH (GAP BiH) za period 2013-2017. godine sadrži strateške ciljeve, programe i mjere u okviru kojih su definisane prioritetne oblasti djelovanja. On sadrži i principe za ostvarivanje ravnopravnosti spolova te daje smjernice za izradu godišnjih operativnih planova na entitetskom, kantonalnom i lokalnom nivou. Pasivnom građanstvu u većini slučajeva predmet interesovanja nije način na koji organi lokalne samouprave podržavaju i promoviraju ravnopravnost spolova u njihovoj lokalnoj zajednici. Naravno, izuzetaka ima uvijek. Polaznice druge generacije Feminističke škole Žarana Papić imale su zadatak da istraže analizu stanja rodne ravnopravnosti kroz LGAP-ove tri odabrane općine (jedna iz Republike Srpske i dvije iz Federacije BiH). S obzirom da se radna grupa odlučila za entitetski nivo, poslani su dopisi Gender centru FBiH i Centru za jednakost i ravnopravnost polova Vlade RS, kako bi došle do informacija koliko opština/općina na području cijele Bosne i Hercegovine imaju lokalne gender akcione planove.

More...
ŽENSKA MIROVNA POLITIKA

ŽENSKA MIROVNA POLITIKA

Author(s): Marija Perković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Ženska mirovna politika, kao i sami ženski pokreti, ne poseduje dugu istoriju. Ta istorija, stara tek nešto više od stotinu godina, beleži i uspone i padove. Podele unutar pokreta delom oslikavaju i netrpeljivosti i predrasude, koje su karakteristične za poslednja dva veka u načelu. Jedna od takvih duboko ukorenjenih predrasuda koja nam se neupitno nameće, krije se u samom naslovu ovog teksta: mir i žene su neraskidivo vezani i drugačije ne može biti, jer žene su „one koje daju život“, te su samim tim automatski protiv rata koji predstavlja smrt. Kao i većina drugih stavova zasnovanih na navodnoj nepromenljivosti „prirode“ čoveka ili grupe ljudi, i ovaj stav zapravo služi tome da žene oslobodi svakog oblika odgovornosti i delovanja koje bi moglo dovesti do nekih drastičnih promena u društvu.

More...
ŽENSKI MIROVNI AKTIVIZAM I NJEGOV UTJECAJ NA MIR I SIGURNOST

ŽENSKI MIROVNI AKTIVIZAM I NJEGOV UTJECAJ NA MIR I SIGURNOST

Author(s): Amila Ždralović,Mirela Rožajac-Zulčić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Mirovne studije imaju dugu povijest, ali verifikaciju naučne discipline dobivaju tek pedesetih godina 20. stoljeća. U tom periodu pokreću se različiti centri, instituti i časopisi s ciljem da se kroz znanstveno proučavanje mira daju odgovori na pitanja koja su se otvorila usljed novih okolnosti Hladnog rata. Smirivanje ovih prijetnji nije značilo kraj mirovnih studija. One su se nastavile izgrađivati kao interdisciplinarno područje istraživanja, proširujući stalno svoj interes na aktualne međunarodne probleme. Međutim, u samoj suštini zasnivanja ove naučne discipline nalazi se problem s kojim se suočavaju i druge naučne oblasti, a to je utemeljenost na maskulinim naučnim kanonima. Pod maskulinim naučnim kanonima podrazumijevamo kanone koji su duboko patrijarhalni, esencijalistički zasnovani, politički isključujući, proizvod su muške svijesti shvaćen kao proizvod genija (ali nikada genijalki), te izjednačavaju muško sa objektivnim i znanstvenim.

More...
Foreword

Foreword

Author(s): Jasmina Čaušević / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The book you are holding attempts to represent the world of women in the times when life became extremely accelerated – ideologised, industrialised, psychoanalysed, technologised, mobilised, commercialised, relativised. Our book has many a limitation. Methodologically, its chapters are not fully harmonised; it lacks the analysis of the construction of woman in different ideologies. It was written quickly, but with passion, love and regret that not all archives, museums or libraries across Bosnia and Herzegovina and abroad were visited (a lot of the relevant material is not located in BiH). The driving force behind this endeavour of a group of people was the exclusion of women from the main trends, loss of continuity and their deletion from the cultural, scientific and all other memories. Therefore, this book primarily serves as the activist response to the systematic neglect of the contribution of women to BiH culture and it is an attempt to provide a foundation to the study of the history of women in BiH.

More...
Introduction

Introduction

Author(s): Fabio Giomi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In 2010-2011 Aspasia, the leading academic journal devoted to women’s and gender history of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe, published a dossier on the state of the art of women’s and gender studies in the post-Yugoslav countries. Besides the obvious differences, the contributions identify a series of common features running across the different national case studies: a clear delay in the development of women’s and gender studies, especially in respect of Western Europe and the Atlantic world; a limited institutionalisation of gender-sensible approaches in the historical studies; a limited presence of women in national academic spaces, and in particular in history, a discipline that remains an eminently men’s club.

More...
PART II: 1941-1945 The Second World War and Experiences of Bosnia-Herzegovinian Women

PART II: 1941-1945 The Second World War and Experiences of Bosnia-Herzegovinian Women

Author(s): Amila Ždralović / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This part of the book deals with the position and activities of women in Bosnia and Herzegovina during World War II. This period is marked by women’s inclusion in various activities under the national liberation struggle (NOB) for freedom, which gave rise to the development of different social values, including the idea of gender equality in all social segments. Soon-to-come social changes were not of purely declarative or formally legal nature, but seriously put in question traditional prejudices and stereotypes about women’s place and role in society. The new sociocultural context also enabled the creation of organisations of the AntiFascist Women’s Front (AFŽ). Although the question of whether and to what extent this form of women’s organisation can carry a feminist prefix remains open, the role it played in processes of women’s emancipation is unquestionable. In addition to numerous tasks, women gathered around the unique AFŽ organisation particularly stood out with their cultural and educational work. With the removal of formal and legal obstacles for women’s inclusion in various forms of social activities in the spirit of communist ideology, tarnishing the traditional picture of women’s place and social role and their mass inclusion in NOB and establishment of AFŽ as a unified women’s organisation - which, among other things, implemented different women’s education programmes – key preconditions were created for women’s entry into the public sphere and their participation in making important political decisions. However, this transition never materialised, confirmed by various analyses of women’s (non)participation in ZAVNOBiH (The State Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Bosnia and Herzegovina) and AVNOJ (Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia) that are reviewed in the final part of this paper.

More...
PART III: 1945-1990 Women in Socialism – From Accelerated Emancipation to Accelerated Re-Patriarchalisation

PART III: 1945-1990 Women in Socialism – From Accelerated Emancipation to Accelerated Re-Patriarchalisation

Author(s): Bojana Đokanović,Ivana Dračo,Zlatan Delić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This chapter provides a contextual overview of social, economic, political and cultural circumstances and daily life in the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (SRBiH), as part of the Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRJ), upon completion of World War II until the end of the 1980s, with a special emphasis on women’s issues and the position of women. Attention will be paid to early socialist efforts and legislative measures aimed at ensuring gender equality and women’s emancipation, and to overall social progress during the socialist era. Positive and negative implications of this progress will be analysed from a feminist perspective: what did women yearn for, what did they strive for, hope for and fight for?; did they manage to achieve equality with men during the period of brotherhood and unity? – these are some of the issues that will receive special attention. As the issue of women’s education was of particular importance in this period, special attention will be paid to this topic and to women’s contribution to science. An overview of conditions in culture and art, particularly literature, painting, theatre and film, will be provided by presenting some women’s works in these fields. This chapter mentions only some of the women who were distinguished for their work, efforts and achievements during the socialist period in BiH.

More...
Instead of a conclusion

Instead of a conclusion

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

We end this book with a speech Professor Dr. Zlata Grebo gave at a conference organised to mark the 10th Anniversary of the signing of the Beijing Declaration. The conference, organised by Women to Women, took place in Sarajevo, from 25 to 27 November 2005. With this ending we want, above all, to show our respect for Zlata Grebo, one of the most significant scientific workers in Bosnia and Herzegovina, for her thoughts and endless efforts, and to the Association Women to Women, for their solidarity and sisterly kindness in sharing this speech with us.

More...
Организация на дейностите по пожарна безопасност и защита на населението на Спасителния борд на Естония

Организация на дейностите по пожарна безопасност и защита на населението на Спасителния борд на Естония

Author(s): Martin Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The materials for this report were collected after a three-month internship in the Department of Security Science, Emergency Response and Crisis Management at the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences in Tallinn on European program "Erasmus" at the time when I was a student at the Faculty "Fire Safety and Population Protection" of the Academy of the MI. The internship set by both academies – Estonian Academy of Security Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia and the Academy of the Ministry of Interior, Sofia, Bulgaria, included 24-hour shifts in the Central Tallinn Fire Department during March, April and May 2013.

More...
Alkalomadtán
4.50 €

Alkalomadtán

Author(s): Zádor Tordai / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Amíg értelemmel fel lehet fogni Az emberi jogok köznapi értelme A szegény kis nemzetek panaszai A nemzetállam nem virág Az ideológiák zűrzavara A létező nemzetiszocializmus A gazdasági racionalizmus hiánya Kultúra és erőszak Az európai kultúra színeváltozása A felelősség dilemmái A jóléti Európa krízise A brutalitás nem politika Az idegenek Rendszerváltás és demokrácia A szerb tragédia Elit és demokratizálás A falak leomlása Klerokrácia és Isten országa Európa lehetőségei A modern demokrácia metamorfózisa A demokrácia alakulása Kisebbségek az átalakulásban

More...
PREPORUKE IZ LUNDA O DELOTVORNOM UČEŠU NACIONALNIH MANJINA U JAVNOM ŽIVOTU SA OBJAŠNJENJIMA

PREPORUKE IZ LUNDA O DELOTVORNOM UČEŠU NACIONALNIH MANJINA U JAVNOM ŽIVOTU SA OBJAŠNJENJIMA

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

U svojim Helsinškim odlukama donetim jula 1992. godine Organizacija za bezbednost i saradnju u Evropi (OEBS) ustanovila je Visokog komesara za nacionalne manjine kao "instrument za sprečavanje sukoba u najranijoj mogućoj fazi". Ovaj mandat je u velikoj meri nastao kao odgovor na situaciju u bivšoj Jugoslaviji koja bi se, prema nekim strahovanjima, mogla ponoviti bilo gde u Evropi, naročito u državama u procesu tranzicije ka demokratiji i koja je mogla da potkopa obećanja o miru i prosperitetu nagoveštena Pariskom poveljom za novu Evropu koju su šefovi država i vlada usvojili novembra 1990. godine. Gospodin Maks van der Štul (Max van der Stoel) preuzeo je dužnost prvog Visokog komesara OEBS za nacionalne manjine (VKNM) 1. januara 1993. godine. Na osnovu svog ogromnog ličnog iskustva bivšeg člana Parlamenta, ministra inostranih poslova Holandije, stalnog predstavnika pri Ujedinjenim nacijama i dugogodišnjeg zagovornika ljudskih prava, gospodin Van der Štul je usmerio svoju pažnju na mnoge sporove izme đu manjina i centralnih vlasti u Evropi koji su, po njegovom mišljenju, mogli da prerastu u ozbiljnije sukobe. Radeći nenametljivo, diplomatskim sredstvima, Visoki komesar je razvio svoju aktivnost u više od deset zemalja, uključujući Albaniju, Hrvatsku, Estoniju, Ma đarsku, Kazahstan, Kirgiziju, Latviju, Bivšu jugoslovensku republiku Makedoniju, Rumuniju, Slovačku i Ukrajinu. Njegovo delovanje je bilo prevashodno usredsre đeno na situacije vezane za pripadnike nacionalnih/etničkih grupa koji čine većinsko stanovništvo u jednoj, a manjinsko stanovništvo drugoj državi, i na taj način uključuju interese vlasti svake od tih država, predstavljaju imogući izvor me đudržavnih napetosti, pa čak i sukoba. Zaista, takve napetosti predodredile su veći deo evropske istorije. Baveći se suštinom napetosti vezanih za nacionalne manjine VKNM pristupa problemu kao nezavistan, objektivan i kooperativan činilac. Mada delatnost VKNM ne predstavlja nadzorni mehanizam, on koristi me đunarodne standarde koje su prihvatile sve države kao osnovni okvir analize i temelj svojih pojedinačnih preporuka. S tim u vezi, važno je podsetiti se obaveza koje su prihvatile sve države učesnice OEBS, a posebno Dokumenta iz Kopenhagena usvojenog na Konferenciji ljudske dimenzije OEBS 1990. godine koji, u delu IV, razra đuje detaljne standarde vezane za nacionalne manjine. Sve države OEBS tako đe su vezane obavezama Ujedinjenih nacija u domenu ljudskih prava uključuju i manjinska prava, a velika većina država OEBS dodatno je obavezana standardima Saveta Evrope. Tokom više od šest godina žive aktivnosti VKNM je uočio neka stalna pitanja i teme koja su postala predmet njegove pažnje u velikom broju država u kojima deluje. Me đu njima su pitanja obrazovanja manjina i upotrebe manjinskih jezika, posebno kao teme od velikog značaja za očuvanje i razvoj identiteta pripadnika nacionalnih manjina. Kako bi ostvario odgovarajuću i celovitu primenu manjinskih prava na području OEBS, VKNM je zatražio od Fondacije za me đuetničke odnose – nevladine organizacije koja je ustanovljena 1993. godine s ciljem da pruži posebnu pomoć VKNM – da okupi dve grupe me đunarodno priznatih nezavisnih stručnjaka radi izrade dve grupe preporuka: Haških preporuka o pravu nacionalnih manjina na obrazovanje iz 1996. godine i Preporuka iz Osla o jezi čkim pravima nacionalnih manjina iz 1998. godine. Obe grupe preporuka kasnije su poslužile kao okvir prilikom uobličavanja politike i zakonskih tekstova u mnogim zemljama. Tekstovi preporuka prevedeni su na nekoliko jezika i mogu se dobiti od Fondacije za me đuetničke odnose bez naknade. Oblici delotvornog učešća nacionalnih manjina u upravljanju državom predstavljaju treći čest problem koji se javljao u jednom broju slučajeva kojima se bavio VKNM. Kako bi stekao utisak o stavovima i iskustvima država učesnica OEBS o ovom problemu i omogućio državama da razmene svoja iskustva, VKNM i Ured za demokratske institucije i ljudska prava OEBS sazvali su konferenciju svih država OEBS i relevantnih me đunarodnih organizacija, u Lokarnu od 17-20. oktobra 1998. godine, pod nazivom "Upravljanje i učešće – objedinjavanje raznolikosti", čiji je domaćin bila Švajcarska konfederacija. Izjava predsedavajućeg, koja je objavljena na kraju konferencije, sažela je teme sastanka i naznačila kako je poželjno razviti "konkretne aktivnosti koje bi trebalo da uslede, uključujući dalju razradu različitih koncepata i mehanizama dobrog upravljanja sa delotvornim učešćem manjina, koje vodi ka objedinjavanju raznolikosti unutar države". U tom cilju, VKNM je pozvao Fondaciju za me đuetničke odnose da u saradnji s Institutom za ljudska prava i humanitarno pravo Raoul Wallenberg, okupi grupu me đunarodno priznatih, nezavisnih stručnjaka kako bi razradili preporuke i predočili alternative u skladu s odgovarajućim me đunarodnim standardima. Rezultat ove inicijative su Preporuke iz Lunda o delotvornom u češću nacionalnih manjina u javnom životu koje su dobile ime po švedskom gradu u kome je održan poslednji sastanak stručnjaka kada su uobličene Preporuke. Me đu njima su se nalazili pravni stručnjaci za odgovarajuću oblast me đunarodnog prava, politikolozi stručnjaci za pitanja ustavnog poretka i izborne sisteme i sociolozi koji se bave pitanjima manjina. Grupu stručnjaka, kojom je predsedavao profesor Gudmundur Alfredsson, direktor Raoul Wallenberg instituta, sačinjavali su: Profesor Gudmundur Alfredsson (Islan đanin), direktor, Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Lund University, profesor Vernon Bogdanor (Britanac), Profesor javne uprave, Oxford University; profesor Vojin Dimitrijević (Jugosloven), direktor Beogradskog centra za ljudska prava, dr Asbjørn Eide (Norvežanin), viši saradnik, Norwegian Institute of Human Rights; Profesor Yash Ghai (Kenijac), Sir YK Pao, Profesor javnog prava, University of Hong Kong; Profesor Hurst Hannum (Amerikanac), Profesor me đunarodnog prava, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University; Peter Harris (Južna Afrika) Viši saradnik, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance; dr HansJoachim Heintze (Nemac), Director of the Institut für Friedenssicherungsrecht und Humanitäres Völkerrecht, Ruhr-Universität Bochum; profesor Ruth Lapidoth (Izraelac), Profesor me đunarodnog prava i rukovodilac Akademskog komiteta, Institute for Evropean Studies, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; profesor Rein Müllerson (Estonac), šef katedre za me đunarodno pravo, King's College, University of London; dr Sarlotta Pufflerova (Slovakinja), Direktor, Foundation Citizen and Minority/Minority Rights Group; profesor Steven Ratner (Amerikanac), profesor me đunarodnog prava, University of Texas; dr Andrew Reynolds (Britanac), docent na katedri javne uprave, University of Notre Dame; Miquel Strubell (Španac i Britanac), direktor, Institute of Catalan Socio-Linguistics, Generalitat de Catalunya; profesor Markku Suksi (Finac), profesor javnog prava, Åbo Akademi University; profesor Danilo Türk (Slovenac), profesor me đunarodnog prava, Ljubljana University; dr Fernand de Varennes (Kana đanin), viši predavač pravnih nauka i direktor, Asia-Pacific Centre for Human Rights and the Prevention of Ethnic Conflict, Murdoch University; profesor Roman Wieruszewski (Poljak), direktor, Poznan Human Rights Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences. S obzirom da su postojeći standardi manjinskih prava sastavni deo ljudskih prava, početno polazište na konsultacijama stručnjaka bila je pretpostavka da države poštuju sve ostale obaveze iz oblasti ljudskih prava, posebno zabranu diskriminacije. Tako đe se pošlo od pretpostavke da je konačni cilj svih ljudskih prava pun i slobodan razvoj svake pojedinačne ljudske ličnosti pod jednakim uslovima. Sledstveno tome, podrazumeva se da bi gra đansko društvo trebalo da bude otvoreno i pokretljivo i na taj način obuhvatilo sve pojedince, uključujući i pripadnike nacionalnih manjina. Osim toga, kako je cilj dobrog i demokratskog upravljanja da služi potrebama i interesima celog stanovništva, pretpostavlja se da sve vlade nastoje da obezbede što više prilika za moguće učešće onih koji utiču javno na donošenje odluka. Svrha Preporuka iz Lunda, kao i prethodnih iz Haga i Osla, je da ohrabri države i da im pomogne prilikom usvajanja posebnih mera kako bi se ublažile sve napetosti koje se odnose na nacionalne manjine i da na taj način doprinesu osnovnom cilju VKNM na planu sprečavanju sukoba. Preporuke iz Lunda o delotvornom učešću nacionalnih manjina u javnom životu predstavljaju pokušaj da se relativno jednostavnim jezikom razjasni i nadgradi sadržaj manjinskih prava i ostalih standarda, opšteprimenjivih u situacijama kojima se bavi VKNM. Standardi su protumačeni tako kako bi osigurali celovitost svoje primene u otvorenim i demokratskim državama. Preporuke su podeljene u četiri podnaslova koji grupišu dvadeset četiri preporuke – opšta naela, učešće u donošenju odluka, samouprava i načini da se zajemči tako delotvorno učešće u javnom životu. Osnovna konceptualna podela u okviru Preporuka iz Lunda sledi dva pravca – učešće u upravljanju državom kao celinom i samopuravu u odre đenim lokalnim i unutrašnjim pitanjima. Moguća su i poznata različita rešenja. U nekoliko preporuka predložene su odre đene alternative. Sve preporuke bi trebalo tumačiti u skladu sa Opštim načelima iz prvog dela. Detaljnije objašnjenje svake preporuke nalazi se u Objašnjenjima u kojima se izričito ukazuje na odgovarajuće me đunarodne standarde.

More...
Rady działalności pożytku publicznego w największych miastach Polski
4.50 €

Rady działalności pożytku publicznego w największych miastach Polski

Author(s): Monika Sidor / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

More...
Result 6641-6660 of 7908
  • Prev
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • ...
  • 332
  • 333
  • 334
  • ...
  • 394
  • 395
  • 396
  • Next

About

CEEOL is a leading provider of academic eJournals, eBooks and Grey Literature documents in Humanities and Social Sciences from and about Central, East and Southeast Europe. In the rapidly changing digital sphere CEEOL is a reliable source of adjusting expertise trusted by scholars, researchers, publishers, and librarians. CEEOL offers various services to subscribing institutions and their patrons to make access to its content as easy as possible. CEEOL supports publishers to reach new audiences and disseminate the scientific achievements to a broad readership worldwide. Un-affiliated scholars have the possibility to access the repository by creating their personal user account.

Contact Us

Central and Eastern European Online Library GmbH
Basaltstrasse 9
60487 Frankfurt am Main
Germany
Amtsgericht Frankfurt am Main HRB 102056
VAT number: DE300273105
Phone: +49 (0)69-20026820
Email: info@ceeol.com

Connect with CEEOL

  • Join our Facebook page
  • Follow us on Twitter
CEEOL Logo Footer
2025 © CEEOL. ALL Rights Reserved. Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions of use | Accessibility
ver2.0.428
Toggle Accessibility Mode

Login CEEOL

{{forgottenPasswordMessage.Message}}

Enter your Username (Email) below.

Institutional Login