Opinion: Putin and Trump: Where From Here?
They might outwardly seem willing to wheel and deal. But it’s increasingly difficult to see how any agreement might actually look.
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They might outwardly seem willing to wheel and deal. But it’s increasingly difficult to see how any agreement might actually look.
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EU-backed election, meant to calm the roiling political waters, is having the opposite effect.
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Belarus is considering Israel’s request not to hand over a blogger it detained at the behest of Azerbaijan.
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The move comes as a goodwill gesture toward China, whose reprisals over the spiritual leader’s last visit sent Mongolia in a tailspin.
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Criminal conviction hanging over their leader poses a problem for election-winning Social Democrats.
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Values can be instrumentalized individually, but they are social in origin. They derive from the fact that individualsenter into social relationships and need the community in order to ensure that such relationships are consolidatedand respected. Values exist provided that they are produced, and the process of producing them is social in nature. Itis people who generate values, values are not given to them. Value creation is a social process in which certain valuesgenerate others and simultaneously multiply (reinforce) the initial, existential ones that underlie the entire process.
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‘Illegal’ refusal to allow entry to would-be asylum seekers said to be rising in the Balkans and Poland.
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Team says it has only scratched the surface of disinformation and fake news spread by Russian and European media.
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Russia will likely look at the move as yet another sign of Western 'aggression.'
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Move by Ljubljana could send negative ripple effects throughout the region, human rights advocates and international bodies warn.
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1962 saw one of the biggest political crises between the super- powers of that time: the USA and the USSR. Never before during the cold war had the lives of the inhabitants of the whole globe been threatened with a total extinction. Was the Polish society conscious of that? Was it prepared for a confrontation, which must have ended in a different way from all the wars that had been waged before? In the documents drawn up by party’s activists and by SB (Public Security Service) functionaries October 1962 constitutes an interesting problem. But that does not refer to decisions made by high- ranking officials. Archival material provides a lot of information concerning the attitude of the society. Therefore it is feasible to answer the question whether the Polish society was conscious of a possible result of the conflict; whether buying out foodstuffs and other necessities could secure their lives; whether the Polish people were interested in and excited about the conflict at all. The author attempts to answer those questions in the article, and – at the same time – to prove that the sources in the archives of the IPN (Institute of National Remembrance) might be useful in investigating problems of social history.
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The author analyses the concept of liberal democracy as issue of political philosophy. Liberal democracy is considered as a form of governance with the consent of the people, which is also explicitly assigned value dimension. Western democratic political system derives its legitimacy from a commitment to promoting liberal values (freedom, equality, solidarity). The author expresses skeptically about the possibility of implementing liberal values within the boundaries of global capitalism.
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Who are Czech journalists and what do they do? Based on data from 291 interviews with Czech journalists working in the news media at various levels between 2012 and 2014, for the Worlds of Journalism Study (www.worldsofjournalism.org), the paper introduces for the first time an overview of the most important results of the Czech part of the study. We present an analysis of the data on journalists’ working conditions, the most and least important perceived influences on their work, as well as their level of trust in various institutions, recent significant changes perceived in their profession and the professional roles they prefer. The basic demographic data of our sample is also given. The survey was done in two phases, between which significant media ownership changes took place, making the results highly up-to-date. We conclude that the position of journalists is changing. Journalists are required to write more stories than before, yet have less time to research them. Although they assert the importance of journalistic ethics, they have also perceived that ethical standards have somewhat weakened recently. Nevertheless, they express a high level of autonomy and freedom in their work.
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Several research projects in the last decade have been devoted to studying professional role perception among Polish journalists. Still less is known about how different ideals of professional roles affect journalistic role performance. This paper aims to present the findings of the content analysis of 1,130 news stories published in four Polish newspapers in 2012 and 2013. The study was a part of the international research project: Journalistic Role Performance Around the Globe (led by Prof. Claudia Mellado from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, in Chile and Lea Hellmueller, from Texas States University, www.journalisticperformance.org). The results indicate that the watchdog model is most commonly used in the Polish press, followed by the infotainment and civic models. However, the findings of the content analysis primarily support the general observation on the political orientations of the Polish newspapers and political parallelism of the Polish media system.
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The article introduces the results of an empirical examination of journalistic role performance in Hungary. In reference to the “Journalistic Role Performance Around the Globe” research project (led by Prof. Claudia Mellado from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, in Chile and Lea Hellmueller, from Texas States University, www.journalisticperformance.org), we attempt to discuss the main patterns of role performance in contemporary journalism in Hungary. The presence of six models in news production (watchdog, disseminator-interventionist, civic, loyalfacilitator, service journalism, and infotainment) is investigated by conducting a quantitative content analysis of 1,087 news items published by the national desk of four Hungarian broadsheets in 2012–2013.
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The development of the Internet and digital technology by the end of the twentieth century has raised serious disputes about ethics, authenticity and photo manipulation. These concerns are especially relevant in the field of photojournalism in the news media, where credibility matters the most. In this paper we described the current situation in relation to image authenticity and professional ethics in three countries of Central Europe – the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia. We asked research questions regarding photo production, circumstances of photographing, image content, technical improvements, manipulation, ethical standards and responsibility. Our findings reveal a complexity of ethical issues related to working with visual news material. During the fieldwork we conducted 65 in-depth interviews and surveys with full-time and freelance photojournalists and photo editors working for printed and online newspapers and opinion magazines in Central Europe.
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Although the majority of mechanisms and instruments which aim to support media ethics and journalistic professionalization in Poland were introduced at an early stage of political and social transformation in the 1990s, media accountability is still in the making. The moderate level of journalistic professionalization might be explained by the weakness of existing self-regulatory mechanisms (codes of journalistic conduct, The Council of Media Ethics), divisions within journalistic communities (left wing-oriented vs. right-wing politically oriented) and the growing economic pressure. Bearing in mind that decision-making processes, supportive management as well as organizational structures and cultures might have an impact on journalistic behaviour and the understanding of roles and journalistic quality, this paper will go a long way in explaining the state of media accountability and transparency from the perspective of newsrooms. Referencing to the outcomes of empirical international research project “Media Accountability and Transparency in Europe (MediaAcT)” (2010–2013) the study will provide evidence similarities and differences in the perception of tools and existing practices by journalists from different types of media and job positions.
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This case study reports about the collusion scandal behind the widespread wiretapping operations of various journalists. The report, however, focuses mainly on one part of the affair, namely the clear collusion between a journalist from the daily Pravda, and a top politician – a Member of Parliament, whose conversations were also recorded. MP Robert Kaliňák was apparently trying to persuade the reporter Vanda Vavrová to publish discrediting material about his political rival. The study thus largely examines the media’s role in politics and ethical issues resulting from trespass of the journalistic agency for objective and impartial reporting. Moreover, initial coverage of this affair by the selected media is analysed throughout the study to pinpoint the role of Slovak journalists/media while facing the controversial behaviour of one of their peers. It was found that the media actually underplayed the collusion story and focused their attention mostly on the wiretapping affair, strongly condemning the actions by the state authorities. Ironically, a few years later it was proved that the wiretapping of journalists (in contrast to other persons and institutions) was both legal and justified. Moreover, the media ignored the possible political and criminal corruption issues behind the double scandal.
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The study focuses on two Slovak corruption cases, both well-documented and of similar social relevance, of which one did not receive any cross-media coverage. Moreover, the case of large-scale bribery was rather under-hyped in comparison to other major corruption scandals occurring in the country. The case of cronyism formed a typical example of extremely poor inter-media coverage of highly unfair and politicised cronyism. Through these cases, especially in the one in which the media failed to stimulate the creation of a full-blown scandal, the study further analyses the criteria and circumstances that determine the worthiness of a case for wide media coverage. The study on Slovakia is framed within theories of scandalous reporting and the theory of agenda setting and inter-media agenda setting role of the media, and supported by quantitative analysis of actual media coverage of the bribery case.
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