"Care Drain". Explaining Bias in Theorizing Women's Migration

Author(s): Speranţa Dumitru / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

Migrant women are often stereotyped. Some scholars associate the feminization of migration with domestic work and criticize the “care drain” as a new form of imperialism that the First World imposes on the Third World. However, migrant women employed as domestic workers in Northern America and Europe represent only 2% of migrant women worldwide and cannot be seen as characterizing the “feminization of migration”. Why are migrant domestic workers overestimated? This paper explores two possible sources of bias. The first is sampling: conclusions about “care drain” are often generalized from small samples of domestic workers. The second stems from the affect heuristic: imagining children left behind by migrant mothers provokes strong feelings of injustice which trump other considerations. The paper argues that neither source of bias is unavoidable and finds evidence of gender stereotypes in the “care drain” construal.

"Francuski socijalistički eksperiment" - od željenog do mogućeg socijalizma

Author(s): Ognjen Pribičević / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 02/1989

The electoral victory of French socialists and the establishment of a socialist government in France brought new hope and new expectations not only to French, but also to all European progressive and socialistically oriented forces, concerning the possibilities of more radical social and political reforms even though capitalism continues to rule beyond that country’s borders. Special interest was provoked by the ideas of French Socialists, which were also proposed in the electoral program, relating to the nationalization of the greater part of private firms and to the inclusion of members of the French Communist Party into the government. Although it fulfilled a large part of its electoral promises of 1981, the Socialist Party of France was defeated in the 1986 elections. The author points to the main reason for this failure and also indicates the main changes which have taken place in French society since the beginning of the 1980s.

"Odljev mozgova" iz Jugoslavije

Author(s): Silva Mežnarić,Ivan Grdešić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 04/1990

Research into the emigration of highly educated labour, experts, and scientists from Yugoslavia to highly developed countries is intended to serve as an analytical basis for the creation of a policy and of means for the study and decrease of brain drain. Brain drain is a low-structured problem with a variety of causes and opposed values, to which there are no simple, fast, and final solutions. The authors present the main statistical data on the size and the dynamics of the brain drain and the basic motives and causes of this type of migration. The policy's purpose is to transform the one-direction drain into circulation of scientists and scientific information.

"Radno društvo" u jugoslavenskoj koncepciji upravljanja

Author(s): Mirjana Kasapović / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 04/1985

The Yugoslav ideological-theoretical concept of self-management does not provide any explicit definition of labour as the new constitutive principle of the community in the manner this is done in some other theories of the so-called council tradition ; nevertheless, its place in the system is indisputably of that character. There are three fundamental ideological-political conditions, as well as non- sequences, of the adoption of the concept »work constitution of the society»: (1) a reconstitution of the concept »the people», (2) a redefinition of the concept »the people», and (3) a redefinition of the concept »the working class». This procedure is found to be meaningful from a theoretical and ideological aspect as well as from the point of view of the political system. A critical scrutiny of the concept »the work society» requires the analysis of the internal consistency of the model and of the basic logical postulates of the concept »the work society» in general.

"Realistička" teorija u nauci međunarodnih odnosa

Author(s): Radoslav Stojanović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 03/1967

Among theories which international relations view through the strength and struggle of political powers for predominance, there have separated "realistic" theories appeared in the USA after world war II. These theories separate themselves by explanation of the utmost cause which causes that power is fundamental determinant of the behaviour of states in international relations.

"Socijalističko svjetsko tržište" i "socijalistički svjetski sistem privrede" (Shvaćanje socijalizma kao svjetskog procesa u literaturi nekih socijalističkih zemalja)

Author(s): Bogdan Ćosić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 01-02/1966

Sve je više indikacija da se kapitalističko svjetsko tržište nalazi u fazi raspadanja. Osnovni element razaranja kapitalističkog svjetskog tržišta jeste činjenica da se odnosi koji se danas na njemu uspostavi jaju više ne stvaraju isključivo na osnovu kapitala. Samim tim i svjetsko kapitalističko tržište, kao izraz procesa kapitala, gubi svoj značaj.

"Uvjerenje i ustav": Napomene o jednome ne samo hegelovskom problemu

Author(s): Ludwig Siep / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 04/1988

The central problem of Hegel’s philosophy of law is how to unite the convictions of different individuals into the common will permanently directed towards achieving the common good. Hegel finds the solution in relating convictions to social roles. This pluralism of roles is reconciled with the loyalty to the constitution through a free development of group behaviour and the institutional linkage of private, group and common interests on all the levels of social organization. It was difficult for Hegel to anticipate that the private views could be mediated through common will owing to political organizations.

"Zapadnjačko jezero" i ulazak Španjolske u NATO

Author(s): Radovan Pavić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 04/1978

U međunarodnoj politici (i politici općenito) relevantna su samo dva sadržaja: interes i moć, tj. odnosi snaga. Ali, kako snaga nema apsolutni karakter, javlja se i niz drugih nezaobilaznih faktora — među takve valja ubrojiti naročito ekonomiku i geopolitiku.

"Хибридната война“ в българските медии

Author(s): Ralitsa Kovacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2019

The article presents the results of an empirical study on the use of the term 'hybrid war' (and its analogs) in Bulgarian media. It is focused on the use of the concept in meanings and contexts different from those implied by the existing definitions. The study covers the first five months of 2019. The publications in Bulgarian online media are selected through the news aggregation and analysis system 'European Media Monitor' (EMM). The results show that, in certain cases, the concept is not only used with different meanings, but some derivative concepts are created by the media such as 'hybrid propaganda' or 'hybrid content'

#Nohate! Използват ли политиците език на омразата в рамките на предизборната кампания на европейски избори 2019?

Author(s): Stoyanka Balova,Gabriela Velichkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2019

This article is the result of a media monitoring conducted in the run-up to the 2019 European elections. Led by the maxim that “dialogue is at the root of democratic governance,” we decided to trace whether Bulgarian politicians used elements of hate speech during the campaign for European elections in 2019 and how was this reflected in the media.The monitoring of keywords and messages reflecting the crisis with the political speech and use of abusive vocabulary in Bulgaria was carried out during the hot phase of the election campaign of the European elections from 26th April to 25th May 2019. For this purpose, we followed the morning blocks of the three national televisions, the main political programs, the evening issues, as well as the deliberately organized debates within the BNT, BTV and Nova TV. The subject of the study was the information published in 22 electronic editions of major national daily newspapers and news agencies.The social networks “Facebook” and “Twitter” were also subject to moni- toring as they are one of the main conductors and distributors of hate speech to different groups of people and are increasingly being used as an information channel by politicians who want their messages to reach as quickly as possible a wide range of people.

A Matter of Pure Conscience? Franz Wieacker and his “Conceptual Change” [CRITIQUE]

Author(s): Tomasz Giaro / Language(s): English / Issue: 82/2020

Based on a recent biography of Franz Wieacker (1908–1994) two central questions are examined. Is it allowed to analyze a young, but already prominent German law professor of the Nazi era as a pure scholar whose identity remained unchanged from the times of Weimar to the Federal Republic of Germany? Is it plausible to treat the Nazis as progenitors of current European legal history, and in particular as founding fathers of European legal tradition?

Adalékok a romániai magyar felsőoktatási stratégiához: demográfiai, oktatáspolitikai, nemzetpolitikai kihívások

Author(s): Márton Tonk / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2019

The purpose of this study is to analyse the current problems and challenges of Hungarian language education policy in Romania. A part of the challenges connected to Transylvanian Hungarian higher education are identical to those characteristics that the Romanian, or more generally the entire European system of university education reflects. Therefore, we briefly present some of the consequences and challenges of the so-called “Bologna Process” regarding higher education. Simultaneously, the special features of Transylvanian Hungarian higher education receives the attention of the larger part of our study. It focuses on the Hungarian language university education system, connected to kin-state policy, demographics and minority rights. What does the Transylvanian Hungarian minority and the higher education institutional system offer? The analyses can obviously not ignore the “topos” of the independent, Hungarian language state university and its dilemmas and challenges are also briefly presented in the study.

Aktualność tzw. „doktryny Giedroycia” w kontekście polityki Unii Europejskiej wobec Rosji

Author(s): Tomasz Kamiński,Marcin Frenkel / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2019

Russian intervention in Donbas and annexation of Crimea have triggered a fundamental revision ofthe EU policy towards Easter neighbourhood and Russia. The main goal of this paper is to developdiscussion about the EU strategy towards Russia by presenting political concept named “The Giedroyc doctrine”, created by Polish intellectuals on exile, when Poland was under Soviet domination.Although created a few decades ago, some elements of this doctrine are still surprisingly relevanttoday and may contribute to contemporary European debate. In particular, we argue that strengthening the prosperity, stability and security in Eastern Europe is possible only when Russia transformsitself into a prosperous and democratic state. Autocratic and neo-imperial Russia undermines anymajor pro-Western political changes in the region. Therefore, successful transformation of Russiainto stable, prosperous and democratic state should be included into the long-term vision of European politicians who intend to keep Europe secure. All political activities in the Eastern neighbourhood should be subordinated to this. It means that economic support for Ukraine and strengtheningcooperation with this country should not be a goal itself. Westernization of Ukraine ought to beperceived only as a beginning of political transformation of the whole region.

Alternatywne formy głosowania w polskim prawie wyborczym

Author(s): Monika Kowalska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2020

The crisis of citizens’ participation in the elections is the feature of many European states, and also Poland. The main thesis of the article is that the voting absence is the problem, which could be solved using different solutions, and one of them is the institutional convenience to facilitate the voting process. The analysis of the use of alternative voting procedures in Polish electoral practice demonstrates, however, that they are not very popular. This fact raises questions about the reasons for this state of affairs and the forms of corrective actions in this regard.To clarify the research problems, the Author used the institutional-legal method and analysed the normative acts, which regulate alternative voting procedures. The comparative method allowed to indicate the existing gaps in the adopted institutional solutions and the practice of their application, as well as to find possible ways to achieve the optimal scheme. The application of the systemapproach gave the opportunity to make a comprehensive overview of the examined institutionsand related phenomena, and to draw conclusions regarding necessary actions to increase theireffectiveness.

Ambivalent German narration towards economic problems of eurozone in the light of constructivist approach

Author(s): Justyna Bokajło / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

The European financial and economic crisis made Germany a leader trying to introduce the principles of order to the Economic and Monetary Union in line with the ideas of German governancepolicy (Ordnungspolitik), which is explained by ordoliberalism. However, there is strong relativismvisible in constructing European reality, resulting from the fact that the adopted ordoliberal assumptions do not fit into the macroeconomic, diversified space of the eurozone, and, what is more,cannot be implemented during the recession, because their effectiveness is determined by thelong-term perspective and national identity. Moreover, the role of the leader does not comply withthe principles of Ordnungspolitik. On the other hand, the partnership with France, which is necessaryto maintain stability of the eurozone, causes a move away from the conceptual assumptions ofordoliberalism. The aim of the article is to draw attention to Germany’s ambivalence in solving theeconomic problems of EMU, as well as to show ambivalent attitude of other Member States towardsGermany.

Analysis of public discourse on religious minorities in Turkey after the coup attempt of 15th July 2016

Author(s): Magdalena Szkudlarek / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

The aim of this paper is to follow and analyse the public discourse on religious minorities in Turkeyafter the failed coup d’état of 15th July 2016. However either Turkish state’s policy or social attitudestowards these groups have always been controversial and their real position has always differedfrom their legal status, the author decided to put a hypothesis that the coup attempt is indeed whathas significantly affected the way they are being perceived by mass media in Turkey and hence,by Turkish public opinion. Thus, the purpose of this analysis is to study the chosen media contentconcerning religious minorities and to answer the question how the post-coup reality affects the situation of persons belonging to these groups. In order to achieve this goal several research methodsspecific for political science and humanities are applied and Polish, English and Turkish languagesources are widely referred in the article.

Antyimperialistyczne dyskursy polityczno-medialne w regionach Hiszpanii i państwach Hispanoameryki

Author(s): Radosław Sajna / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2019

The article focuses on the political-media anti-imperialistdiscourses in various contexts within the Spanish-speaking world, that isin Spain and Hispanoamerica (the part of Latin America that was colonizedby Spaniards and where today Spanish is official language). Theanalyzed discourses appear in different media: in the case of Spain theproblem of the imperialism is present mainly in these regions where thecultural (regional) traditions are strong, like in Catalonia and BasqueCountry. In a political battle for independence Spain is treated as animperialist enemy that occupies old, formerly independent, countries.In the case of Hispanoamerica some political leaders (mainly leftist)use the media (like for example an international TV station TeleSUR,founded thanks to an initiative of Hugo Chávez) to their propaganda,although today the main imperialist enemy is the United States (and notSpain) with its “neoliberal”, “neocolonial” economic policy towards poorernations of Latin America.

ARMENIA AND AZERBAIJAN IN THE ENP - MISSED OPPORTUNITIES?

Author(s): Pawel Stawarz / Language(s): English / Issue: 32/2020

This article is devoted to the relations of the European Union with Armenia and Azerbaijan based on the European Neighbourhood Policy and the Eastern Partnership. Due to strategic location between Europe, the Middle East, as well as Central Asia the above mentioned instruments are very important for the European Union and its Member States, as well as Armenia and Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan’s rich resources of crude oil and natural gas combined with the dominant role of the Russian Federation in the region make these two countries geopolitically important. In the context of the diversification of fuels in the EU energy sector this situation poses challenges for Brussels. Russia is the main supplier for many EU countries (the construction of the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline shows that important EU members want to strengthen the observed realities, as does the Russian Federation) and the European diversification efforts are a threat to a stabilization of the energy dialogue with Moscow. The growing importance of the discussed countries of the South Caucasus has not caused significant interest among scholars in this issue. This is probably due to little interest in Armenia and Azerbaijan so far of major actors in the international political scene - with Russia as an exception. This text is an attempt to at least partially fill this gap.

BACKDOOR POLITICS: PERMITTING INFORMALITY FOR FORMAL DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICAN DEMOCRACIES

Author(s): Aluko Opeyemi Idowu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

The backdoor politics is a general term behind the study of effective and responsible public policy from the perspective of informal political processes. The study analyses informal input determinants that affect responsible public politics. The methodology utilises data from the Afrobarometer database, assessing three countries in Africa, from the east, west and southern parts – Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa, respectively. The starting point of this methodology is that policy is responsible and effective if it integrates formal and informal decision-making processes and decision implementation.

Badania nad działalnością legislatur – interdyscyplinarny obszar nauki

Author(s): Jacek K. Sokołowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2008