We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The digitalization of the museum funds is an important process in the realization of the most important functions of the museums in Bulgaria. The attempts for digitalization of the museum funds are accidental. This paper aims to present a development of Regional Historical Museum – Pernik for digital passporting of museum artifacts.
More...
This paper shows that in the era of rapid growth of technological advances (computerization and the Internet), in villages in Serbia, most farmers have neither computers at their homes nor Internet access. This fact indicates that farmers are excluded from the modern electronic flow of information and announcing, and a lot of important information does not reach them as endusers. Also, farmers are unable to educate and improve professionally, to visit fairs, seminars, lectures due to their poor financial situation. Public Library Radislav Nikcevic in Jagodina, Serbia, having perceived the issue of rural population in villages of the municipality of Jagodina, learned the needs of agricultural producers for fundamental changes. Also, Public Library in Jagodina, based on the research conducted in 2008 and 2009 in the villages in the territory of Jagodina, generated the idea that rural libraries must take an active role in creating new models of changes in the local community. The need for modernization of agricultural production imposed the need to modernize rural libraries through introduction of new services which would be in the function of social, economic and cultural status of rural population. Following the example of modern libraries of 21st century, the concept of modern rural libraries was designed. The Public Library in Jagodina decided to revitalize four rural libraries in the territory of Jagodina and introduce new library services which promoted rural libraries as information and cultural centers of local communities through the project called AgroLib-Ja (Agricultural Library in Jagodina). The project was funded by EIFL (Electronic Information for Libraries) during 2010 and 2011 and since 2011 Serbian Ministry of Culture has continued funding it. Farmers have learned to come to useful information, to exchange experiences and establish cooperation through certain websites and social networks. Also, they learnt that products could be sold and bought on the Internet. This paper shows that the concept of working with innovative services in rural libraries is sustainable for sharing information and linking farmers, which was proved by the librarians in Latvia, Lithuania and FYROM Macedonia which have adapted the AgroLib project to the needs of their local communities, as well as a growing number of libraries in Serbia that are trying to provide funds for the revitalization of rural libraries in their municipalities. Also, we want to prove that the Internet and social networks have an important role in educating farmer and in agribusiness and marketing.
More...
Since the late 1990s the so-called literary servers on the Czech Internet have played a relatively important role both for the literary communication of emerging and amateur writers and for general image of the interaction of digital and literary culture. The study analyses common structural characteristics of these Internet-based literary forums and the principles of the communication practices as they have emerged in communities arising at the individual forums. The medial characterization of the amateur literature on the Czech internet is presented in relation to the diachronic context of older publication forms designed for the beginning and amateur writers and in relation to the international context of the amateur literature on the Internet.
More...
Cyber-space refers to the boundless space known as the internet. Cyber-security is the body of rules put in place for the protection of the cyber space. Cyber-crime refers to the series of organized crime attacking both cyber space and cyber security. The Internet is one of the fastest-growing areas of technical infrastructure development. Over the past decades, the growth of the internet and its use afforded everyone this opportunity. Google, Wikipedia and Bing to mention a few, give detailed answers to millions of questions every day. Cyberspace is a world that contains just about anything one is searching for. With the advent of these advancements in information accessibility and the advantages and applications of the internet comes an exponentially growing disadvantage- Cyber Crime. Cyber security has risen to become a national concern as threats concerning it now need to be taken more seriously. This paper attempts to provide an overview of Cybercrime and Cyber-security. It defines the concept of cybercrime, identify reasons for cyber-crime and its eradication. It look at those involved and the reasons for their involvement. Methods of stepping up cyber security and the recommendations that would help in checking the increasing rate of cyber-crimes were highlighted. The paper also attempts to name some challenges of cybercrime and present practical and logical solutions to these threats.
More...
Slovenia has two recognized minorities: Italian and Hungarian. They exist and work, helping the survival of their ethnos with cultural activities, and various promotional activities. They actively create and enrich the cultural heritage of the domicile country. In the same way we should perform and keep that. to adapt the document in a historical document, knowing who created the document as the idiom of the language code, unique as a unique language. With a view to better understanding and more serious interpretation of documents in Italy have established archival schools in the archives in which students learn the tehikama directly on the stored original documents. Therefore, naturally developed a multidisciplinary study sciences such as palografija and diplomacy, because the archive preserves ancient documents caesarean signatures that. spelled out in writing called “precarolina” (Fig.19). It may happen that a document must be translated “lietterae executoriae” or make transcription assignments from the Pope, written in “minuscola cancelleresca pontificia” (Fig.2). Notari were already present and certify contracts and other social forms such as weddings or wills, and have your font letters “minuscola notarile” (Fig.3). Also often encounter different calendar (dating). Papal See (Vatican) country has its own calendar, which is called “indizione novel” the use of which began in the fourth century (Anno Domini) and after him were and the dates of public documents, although its origin goes back to a time when emperors edited taxes on the land. The first cycle begins with the third year before the birth of Jesus, but not the source (of dating) was not always the same: Gregorio VII and subsequent popes have decided that the new year will begin on January 1 in 313. To find your Roman numerals year, for example 2016 - we must first subtract 312 and then divided by 15: so we indizione novel 113th Although archivists rarely faced with such issues, correctly, that it is necessary to know them because they are based on subsequent documents. Sedimentation is a physical and intangible, ie. cultural, and as such is subject to interpretation, which may not be personal, but impartial. This is only possible if we have the appropriate training, if we are educated with a multitude of cases, that although we do not use we need to know identify.
More...
Archiving in Bosnia and Herzegovina falls under several jurisdictions, such as cantons, entities, districts and state BiH authority, which is regulated by the law. However, not all the levels of jurisdictions have appropriate and necessary bylaws. Moreover, not all the bylaws are in accordance. The biggest difference is in provisions for panels responsible for supervision of archivist exams, which is a responsibility of archive directors, governments or archive councils. It is necessary to emphasize that validity of archivist examination in different parts of BiH is not the same and therefore it represents a certain degree of discrimination. We believe that in the area of harmonisation of laws and bylaws regarding archivist exams should be the responsibility of Association of Archivists of BiH, or, specifically, of Steering Board of the Association. They should form a committee with an aim to make a detailed analysis of all bylaws related to the issue of archivist exam and offer changes to the law and bylaws to the legislative authorities of all levels in BiH. In this way the existing differences would be almost completely eliminated, as well as discrimination caused by these bylaws. Harmonisation needs to be done in the area of rulebooks and special programmes for archivist excams. It is necessary to provide legislative foundation in order to improve expertise of archive workers in BiH as well as the archiving as such.
More...
Archives cannot be left out to exert an influence on the destiny of register material in the registry offices undergoing the process of privatisation. All changes during the process of transition have to be observed and the issues of register material have to be solved according to the professional regulations. Solutions are in building a modern archival legality, with the help of which a more significant position and role will be given to archives; however the issues of care about archival material of privatised subjects have to be improved by special regulations, even tenders. All these relations have to be a part of the system, which regulates the transition of ownership property.
More...
From the presented paper we can say that this is a relatively rounded archival fund with a small number of archival documents and photos, but very useful for researchers, scientists who will in the future deal with these issues. With this modest work I tried to bring closer to Bosnian and Herzegovinian archival and historiographical public one significant issue concerning the life and activities of the Bosnian school refugee population in the Republic of Slovenia during the war (1992-1995).
More...
The transitional changes in the Republic of Slovenia led to ownership changes in the companies, which completely changed their legal status. As a result of these changes we altered the status and archives of these subjects, which led to complications of problems related to the same. There is a wide range of these problems and it ranges from: difference between public and private holdings, issues of continued care, issues of liquidated and bankruped enterprises, etc. In order to overcome the existing problems it was necessary to bring a valid regulations, establish proper cooperation between the archives and the holder of these archives. This cooperation involved a whole range of different activities. It is increasingly evident, however, and results in solving the problem of archives of all these subjects are more certain.
More...
As regulated by the international legal and social acts the archival materials have the status of the movable cultural goods. Such a status which has originated from the historical progress in the world's under standing of the importance of the archival materials does not entirely reflects their complex significance of a primary historical source of information, documentary evidence as well as of the important cultural goods. It is necessary, therefore, to start treating the archival materials as the subject of the archival science in a different way.It implies making improvements in the international documents, both general and social ones, primarily as a result of a quick development of numerous modern sciences affecting the archival science as well. In the process of a proper defining of the status of the archival materials it is necessary to use the current experiences of the countries in transition, especially experiences of Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to prevent the international system in this segment from being built on a verbal basis and as dictated by developed countries. The pragmatic component of this issue should be then worked out by using theoretical ideas of the archival science developed within ICA, but also on the national levels.
More...
A record office can be considered orderly if all its activities related to records follow the regulation on office and archival activities.It first of all means that the archival book is properly kept. Besides, the archival book as the identity card of any record office is important for all work processes and business activities of a certain holder. It is, for example, necessary to reconstruct the archival materials destroyed in various situations caused by the war, natural disasters and the like. In the event that the original archival book is not preserved the copy of it, if previously delivered to competent archives, will serve the purpose. Proper keeping of the archival book is not only compulsory, but it also reflects how adequately a holder cares of his own archival materials. It is also the obligation of every archival institution responsible to the archival profession and state administration for the condition of the archival materials to be forwarded from the record offices to the archives through the established procedure.
More...
The process of transition of Bosnian society completely influenced the state of archival service in Bosnia and Herzegovina. There are many consequences of the direct impact of the transition movement on the fate of current records. From the very beginning of the transition there was a continuing threat of archival values, which dictated the need for organized action of all participants in the process of an adequate system of protection of registry and archival material. Full control of state archives was possible only by establishing a functioning system of protection of archive material in all its stages. This includes a valid compatible legal framework, as well as personnel, technological and material equipment for archives. Only in this way we can interrupt existing uncertainty and complexity of archival issues in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
More...
The basic intention of this article is to show major changes in organization and activity of Croatian archival service in transitional period. Changes were caused by the transformation of social and political system. What is the most important for the Archives is that public ownership became state ownership and than was turned into private one. So numerous of corporate and other private subjects that were before 1990 in public ownership now are, together with their archives, privat. Relations to private archives are not the only novelty. In order to solve this new situation and protect archives it was necessary to change Archival Law and other implemental regulations. That was prior condition for our further prosperous work.
More...
Given the current poor state of the archive legislation in the Canton, it is necessary to make additional efforts on the adoption of appropriate archival regulations compatible with regulations at the level of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, in spite of the enormous difficulties associated with archival activity, it has been able to preserve the relevant archival material as an invaluable and invaluable cultural-historical treasure. It should continue to be supplemented, guarded and sheltered for present and future generations.
More...
The period since 1990 was marked by social changes that changed and transformed the state apparatus, and thus significantly influenced on the archival service. The efforts of the archival service to regulate office and archives normatively the Law on Archival Activity of the Canton of Tuzla as well as bylaws have been made. By the new Law, archival activity did not suffer any major changes, but was greatly enriched. This activity should be in the true sense of words of particular interest to Canton and to receive adequate treatment.
More...
With the entry into force of the Law on Archival Material and the Archive of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the 1987 Law on Archival Activity of BiH has ceased to be valid. The new law, in spite of the fact that it covered the basic areas and spheres of archival activity, also contains certain deficiencies. First and foremost, the law is not fully adapted to the time it was created and intended. The disadvantages of the Law are professional and technical. Professional disadvantages are contained in the fact that the Law did not cover all the very important vocational chapters. Among other things, the issue of materials on new information holders has not been addressed at all, nor is it in any way a busy attitude or rules offered to solve this problem. Also, the issues of technical and technological protection of materials (microfilm, scanning, etc.) are not covered at all. The law does not cover the problem of war production of registry materials and its protection, which is of great significance for the reconstruction of our close past due to the time and circumstances in which it was created. There is also nothing to say about the need for conservation and restoration of archival material. The provisions of the Law did not deal with the field of ordering and archiving in the archives. In addition, the law does not provide answers to many areas of archival profession: the issue of training of staff and their professional training and the pursuit of vocational qualifications, then issues of cultural promotion activities, issues of use by foreign citizens, etc. Some of the identified shortcomings in the law can be replaced by the adoption of the foreseen subordinate legislation. However, the Law on Archival Material and the Archive of Bosnia and Herzegovina should have been much more content and systematic, which would create the possibility of more adequate resolution of many professional issues at the level of Bosnia and Herzegovina and its administrative part.
More...
Legislative and regulatory arrangement of archival activities in our state regulation within the competence of the cantons, entities and the state. Such regulations performing archival activity causes an abundance of legislation in our country in this field. Legal regulations archival service in Bosnia and Herzegovina based on decentralization and in accordance with the system allows all levels of legal regulation of the matter to its needs. However, even though this is regulated in accordance with constitutional processes, it does not mean that it can not be better regulated if it is mutual compliance and more changes that lead to better achievement of common goals and interests. The first and most common goal of all archival institutions in the country is more efficient protection of the entire archives, that of entire historical and cultural treasures in the interest of present and future generations.
More...
The turn of the 20th and 21st centuries is a period marked by an increasing interest in the issue disability. The number of initiatives aimed to socially integrate the disabled and improve their living conditions has been rising steadily ever since. It should be, however, noted that their participation in various forms of cultural activity is limited. This problem is especially acute for those with sensory impairments. The aim of the present article is to analyse the problem of participation in culture from the perspective of the visually impaired. First, the author addresses the limits in the spheres of perception and communication due to the impairment itself. This description will help to indicate which domains of artistic activity and aspects of a work of art are inaccessible to the visually impaired. The subsequent parts of the article describe audiodescription, a technique that allows for a greater participation of the visually impaired in culture and art. Przełom XX i XXI w. to okres wzrostu zainteresowania tematyką niepełnosprawności. Stopniowo zwiększa się liczba inicjatyw mających na celu integrację społeczną osób z niepełnosprawnością oraz poprawęwarunków ich życia. Wciąż zbyt mało działań ukierunkowanych jest na umożliwienie im uczestnictwa w życiu kulturalnym. Problem ten dotyczy w szczególności osób z niepełnosprawnością sensoryczną. Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony będzie zasygnalizowaniu tej kwestii na przykładzie wybranej grupy – osób z niepełnosprawnością wzrokową. W pierwszej kolejności omówione zostaną ograniczenia w sferze percepcji i komunikacji, wynikające z uszkodzenia narządu wzroku. Pozwoli to wskazać dziedziny twórczości artystycznej oraz te aspekty dzieła sztuki, które pozostają niedostępne dla osób niewidzących. W dalszej części artykułu przedstawiona zostanie technika audiodeskrypcji, dzięki której kultura i sztuka staje się dostępna dla osób z niepełnosprawnością wzroku.
More...
The »Erdélyi Tudományos Füzetek« (Transylvanian Scientific Booklets) was started in 1926 as a collection of extracts from the first Hungarian scientific periodical of Transylvania after World War I, »Erdélyi Irodalmi Szemle« (Transylvanian Literary Review). These booklets of 20–30 pages dealt mostly with literary, historical and ethnographical topics. The editor of the review and of the collection was Lajos György. In 1930 he quitted the »Szemle« and restarted the periodical of the Transylvanian Museum Society, the »Erdélyi Múzeum« (Transylvanian Museum) which also published studies of natural sciences. From now on the collection published mostly extracts from this review, but there were included some studies published elsewhere, too. Beginning with 1941 Attila Szabó T. is the editor up to 1947, when both the review and the collection were prohibited. Up to this moment 208 booklets were published. In 1990 the Transylvanian Museum Society restarted its activity, and the review as well the collection were activated again. In this collection in the period between 1991 and 2007 there were published 51 booklets. But these booklets are rarely extracts, they are in most cases large studies or even dissertations (PhD. theses). So the extent of the booklets is very often over 100 pages. The Transylvanian Scientific Booklets with its 259 numbers can be considered the most important scientific collection of the Hungarians from Transylvania. The bibliography of the collection and the complete list of contributors is published.
More...
The paper presents general issues and models of functionality tests, impact and value of libraries. Areas of research and international standards are presented and the most important projects and initiatives in the United States and Europe (excluding Polish) are discussed.
More...