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Gminne instytucje w infrastrukturę edukacyjną w Łódzkim Obszarze Metropolitalnym w latach 2007-2013

Author(s): Tomasz Napierała,Marek Lawin / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The main goal of the paper is to analyze municipal investment expenditures for educational infrastructure in Lodz Metropolitan Area. Presented research was conducted for the period between the years 2007 and 2013, the last Multiannual Financial Framework of European Union. The authors identified significance of investments in educational infrastructure for municipal policy in Lodz Metropolitan Area. Moreover, they assessed the quality of strategic and financial municipal planning for development of educational infrastructure in the studied area. The authors used their own, earlier depicted methodology of complex analysis of municipal strategies, budget plans and financial statements (Napierała et al. 2013). Municipal goals of investment expenditures for educational infrastructure were identified. Moreover, the authors verified whether or not the purposes were achieved. Furthermore, specificity of investments were depicted for various types of municipalities: rural, urban and urban-rural.

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Spatial development of sports facilities in Hungarian cities of county rank

Author(s): Kozma Gábor,János Pénzes,Ernő Molná / Language(s): English Issue: 31/2016

Nowadays more and more attention is devoted to the spatial development of the location of sports facilities within cities. The main aim of our paper is to observe the most important spatial characteristics of their development in Hungarian cities of county rank. In these cities three main periods of development of sports facilities can be observed. Larger sports facilities were constructed especially on the edge of cities or in the suburbs, while in the case of smaller facilities a bigger role was played by locations within the city boundaries. As regards the factors influencing the location of sports facilities, the most important role was played by the location of available land areas, besides accessibility and from the mid-1960s links to existing facilities can be mentioned as well.

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РАЗВИТИЕ ГЕОКАРТОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ИДЕЙ ПТОЛЕМЕЯ В СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОЙ ИСЛАМСКОЙ ГЕОГРАФИИ

Author(s): Irina Genadijevna Konovalova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of perception and the development of scientific ideas in a particular society. This problem is considered on the example of geocartographical ideas of Ptolemy, formed in the late Hellenistic period, in the Middle Ages experienced a rebirth in the context of a completely different cultural traditions, namely in the Islamic society, and then in the early Modern period continued to develop in different historical conditions — in Europe. The article shows that in the Islamic world two directions of the perception of Ptolemaic ideas have been formed. The first one can be called a proper continuity, which provided the development of scientific ideas as such; the results achieved by the scientists of the Caliphate in this direction have become known to the world science and subsequently received further development in the works of European cartographers. At the same time the development of another direction, that adapted the Ptolemaic ideas to the needs of the educated classes of the Islamic society, can be traced; results of these activities, which facilitated the absorption of scientific tradition in terms of the Islamic culture, has not gone beyond the Islamic cultural circle.

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A Quintessential Lesson from European Union Integration to African Union

Author(s): Endris Mekonnen Faris,Hasan Korkut / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The African Union -a multipurpose cooperation platform which most believe inspired by the European Union- came to exist to transform the continents fate into a prosperous one. European Union unprecedentedly becomes the crucial factor to speed up the Europe’s integration. European Union is an economic community and was not meant, first, a political one. Hence European Union can be a quintessential lesson for the African Union if the later understands the formers achievement came because of the exclusive emphasis given to the economic approach. The paper empirically argues that economic integration leads to an outright continental political unity. Accordingly the continent’s integration can only be achieved when economic approach is given prior emphasis. The political approach is a default which by nature follows the achievements gained from economic approach.The African Union -a multipurpose cooperation platform which most believe inspired by the European Union- came to exist to transform the continents fate into a prosperous one. European Union unprecedentedly becomes the crucial factor to speed up the Europe’s integration. European Union is an economic community and was not meant, first, a political one. Hence European Union can be a quintessential lesson for the African Union if the later understands the formers achievement came because of the exclusive emphasis given to the economic approach. The paper empirically argues that economic integration leads to an outright continental political unity. Accordingly the continent’s integration can only be achieved when economic approach is given prior emphasis. The political approach is a default which by nature follows the achievements gained from economic approach.

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Palestin-Israel relations during Yasser Arafat and its effect on the world

Author(s): Masud Musayev / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2017

Israeli-Palestinian conflict is of utmost importance strategically, geopolitical and geo-economically which started in the Middle-East and, later, became a multi-faceted issue by gaining an international dimension. This conflict evolved from a regional issue to a universal one. Palestinians and the PLO's guerrilla leader, Yasser Arafat, who played a key role in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and other power holding states approach to this issue, are two main subjects of this study. The first part of this article deals with Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's life, his goals, and the way he led Palestine’s conflict by the organizations he founded. In the second part of this study, Oslo peace Accord after the long Palestinian-Israeli conflict, other agreements reached within this period, Palestine and Israel’s standpoint during this during Arafat’s leadership have been scrutinized and the approaches of Regional and global powers in the world which had an important position in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict together with Palestine’s approach during Arafat leadership will be studied afterwards.

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Демографски аспекти савремене просторно-функцијске организације мреже насеља Војводине

Author(s): Nikola Krunić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 9/2012

This paper represents recent research of spatial and functional organization of the Autonomus Province of Vojvodina in the Republic of Serbia (in the sequel - Vojvodina) based on the level of development of the spatial-functional links and relations in its network of settlements. Presented researches have their theoretical and methodological fundaments in the paradigms of functional regionalization and contemporary doctrines of regional development, based on relevant theorethical and methodological postulates of modern spatial planning, human geography, and its social and economical disciplines. The goal of this research was to indentify, realize and scientificaly explain the problems of development and functional organization of Vojvodina`s settlements` network, and to determine a model for the sustainable development of settlements.

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Социально-культурный потенциал города в оценках его жителей (на примере города Махачкалы)

Author(s): Èlʹdar Magomedovich Èlʹdarov,Zoja Alekseevna Trifonova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 10/2013

The sociocultural potential of the capital of the Republic of Dagestan (Russia) - the city of Makhachkala is estimated. The evaluation was based on revealing the degree of satisfaction of Makhachkala residents with the level of development of the institutes of the sociocultural sphere of their city and analysis of statistical indicators of the functioning of its institutions of culture, education, media and religion. A number of experts were interviewed and the questionnaire was polled by 500 Makhachkala residents in 2008 and 2010. It is concluded that the use of cultural institutions in this city is not effective and requires adjustments, taking into account the development trends of modern urban communities.

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Editorial

Author(s): Alexandru-Ionuţ Petrişor / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2016

In the process of reintegrating Romanian research in the international landscape, publishing plays a central role. However, the pressure to publish is higher in urban planning, where articles are not necessarily the main research output. In order to answer the challenge, from its very creation, the Doctoral School of Urban Planning at “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning in Bucharest, Romania aimed to focus its program on a broader dissemination of the doctoral research results. However, since many doctoral students were not familiar with publishing, the present journal was created as an opportunity for them to practice before publishing in other journals. Therefore, this journal is aimed at presenting the doctoral research within the Doctoral School of Urban Planning at “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning to a broader audience and promoting the outstanding university research in urban planning.

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Извънкласни форми на работа по астрономия

Author(s): Radka Kostadinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The aim of this paper is to present opportunities for extracurricular work in astronomy. The participants in the extracurricular activities are students from the 6th to the 12th grade of Ivan Vazov Secondary School in Varshets, as well as from Montana and the country. Tasks for implementing extracurricular forms are: planning and preparation; construction; realization; analysis of results. Extracurricular activities on astronomy develop capabilities for monitoring and analysis of astronomical phenomena, creating skills for making conclusions, broaden the minds of students about natural phenomena and laws that explain them.

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Обучение по природни науки чрез мисловни карти

Author(s): V. Stoyanova,P. Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The educational capabilities of mind maps are presented. Topics on physics and astronomy are discussed with thought cards being included in the process of teaching. The results of this innovative method of education and pedagogical ideas for the development of their creation and implementation are presented.

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Международноправна защита на река Места (екологоправни аспекти)

Author(s): Georgy Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2005

The main purpose of this scientific article is evaluation and critical review of the international instruments for the protection of the Mesta river.

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Характеристики на температурния режим в град София за периода 1996–2015 г.

Author(s): Vladimir Vlaskov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2018

The changes in climatic conditions of our planet impose a regional-local approach in the study of this problem. It is because in certain regions and countries significant parts of the population are concentrated on relatively limited territory – the big cities.Sofia is one of Europe’s metropolises. Almost 20% of the population of Bulgaria inhabit and work in this city. The characteristics of the climatic temperature regime of Sofia are important for the quality of life in the capital of Bulgaria.The changes in climatic conditions of our planet impose a regional-local approach in the study of this problem. It is because in certain regions and countries significant parts of the population are concentrated on rela¬tively limited territory – the big cities. Sofia is one of Europe’s metropolises. Almost 20% of the population of Bulgaria inhabit and work in this city. The characteristics of the cli¬matic temperature regime of Sofia are important for the quality of life in the capital of Bulgaria.

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THE BRAIN DRAIN PHENOMENON IN ROMANIA: CHARACTERISTICS, IMPLICATON

Author(s): Cristina-Maria Pescaru / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

The highly qualified international migration in Romania represents a loss of the human capital, particularly in the critical areas such as education and health, and a threat to its economic development. In this article we provide a quantitative assessment of the size, characteristics and implications of skilled workers’ migration from Romania. This paper is based on a new database of 1,514 Romanian immigrants from 52 countries of destination. Many theoretical and empirical studies addressed to the determinant factors and the migration of skilled labor effects, focus on topics such as investment in education and views of future migration, human capital loss and gain, the magnitude of brain drain, temporary and return migration of skilled workers remittances and their impact on the receiving country, the circulation of knowledge etc. Although the magnitude of the brain drain phenomenon has reached alarming dimensions in some developing countries, the intensity of the brain drain or skilled emigration rate, measured as a percentage of educated highly- remained in the country of origin appears to be stable, due to the better worldwide education level. This paper seeks to identify the characteristics of the Romanian migrants with higher education (as a brain drain measure) on migrants having only primary and secondary education.

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ROMANIAN COMMUNITY OF BELGIUM AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE MIGRANT NETWORKS

Author(s): Cristina-Maria Pescaru / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

In realizing the main objective, we started from some main categories of information sources: theoretical sources, descriptive and empirical data sources obtained during the analysis. The empirical analysis presented can be grouped into: data from official statistical sources and data analysis from questionnaire-based survey. The social survey was carried out on a sample of 200 Romanian immigrants in Belgium who lived or worked in different cities or towns in the country. The spatial distribution of Romanian immigrants is not constant and alike, the number of Romanian origin persons varying greatly from one region to another and from one place to another one. Therefore, one of the challenges in setting the research methodology was that establishing the geographical boundaries in which we operate. The solution was identified and applied randomly, because it is difficult to establish a statistically step case. In determining the space of social inquiry we stopped in Brussels and its surroundings, where the number of Romanian immigrants is the largest.

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Integrarea serviciilor ecosistemice în planificarea spaţială prin soluţii bazate pe natură

Author(s): Mădălina Sbarcea,Filip Raicu,Alexandru-Ionuţ Petrişor / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

Global changes, driven by land use changes, human population growth and consumption or pollution, manifest themselves through extensive urbanization and amplified extreme climate phenomena, that are threatening environmental systems and human well-being. Consequences of these changes results in habitats and ecosystems fragmentation and quality degradation, that lead to lower capacity of delivering ecosystem services as well as to negative impacts for human health. At the global and European level, nature-based solutions (NBS) have gained traction as an alternative to traditional measures to tackle these environmental and socioeconomic challenges. In this context, the EU oriented its Research and Innovation agenda towards NBS, aiming at green economic growth and new jobs creation, sustainable urbanization, regenerating degraded areas and improving citizen quality of life. Nature-based-solutions projects usually tackle complex problems and provide a series of benefits, most of which can be assessed from an ecosystem services perspective. The planning and implementation process usually involve multiple stakeholders, from governments to NGOs or lay citizens. Besides further need for monitoring, especially of quantitative effects, the complexity of interactions between humans and their environment require a systems approach to adequately represent feedbacks between variables like public health, wellbeing or environmental quality and ecosystem services. Given these complex relationships and context-dependency, the development of frameworks that support spatial planning professionals and decision makers and that involve regional stakeholders in a participatory process would maximize the benefits obtained by NBS implementation.

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Contracţia urbană, un fenomen particular de dinamică urbană

Author(s): Alexandra-Georgeta Beldiman / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

There are four types of observable shrinkage in a territory: socio-cultural contraction, physical contraction, economic contraction and demographic contraction. The phenomenon of "shrinking" doesn’t take into account "how great is urban space affected", but focuses on the intuitive perception of space - how it is seen, how it is lived, what it can be used for. It is a negative phenomenon for the gradual and tactile destruction of the city, because, over time, the particular order of each city disappears. The "shrinking" phenomenon can’t be confused with the "sprawl" phenomenon, as it is a slower but more secure process, particularly in the decline of areas with increased vulnerability. The phenomenon, in its embryonic state, starts from the center of the urban territory and extends to the maximum limit of the same territory, decreasing progressively the number of inhabitants by the lack of activities that generate the labor force. The city, as a form of spatial organization, knows different urban typologies that are reflected in various forms of urban organization. The city, with complex functions, is based on functional areas that are modeled and can be used in different ways. Because functional constraints in the territory contribute to population dynamics, implicitly with mutations in the urban dynamics of the same territory, the economic activity leaves its mark on the city's physiognomy. The study aims to provide a diagnosis of urban space for shrinking cities. The study focuses on urban dynamics and systemic analysis through socio-economic aspects taken from statistical data on population dynamics.

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Analysis of polycentricity of the South-East Region of Romania

Author(s): Sorin Daniel Manole,Antonio Valentin Tache / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Although its content is not clear enough, "polycentricity" has become, since the 1990s, an important concept that was at the core of discussions on territorial and economic development of Europe. This paper includes the presentation of a methodology for estimating the polycentricity degree of regions. Thus, first the functional urban areas must be identified; these are the basic elements in the analysis of polycentricity. Next, the three dimensions of polycentricity are assessed, i.e. size, location and connectivity, based on indicators. By aggregating the size index, location index and connectivity index, the polycentricity index is obtained. Finally, the methodology presented is used to assess the polycentricity of South-East Region of Romania. A comparison of the four indices of the South-East Region with the corresponding indices of ESPON Space shows significant differences favoring either of them.

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Developing a Speed-Based Congestion Severity Index Using the Clustering Technique for Developing Countries

Author(s): Malaya Mohanty,Satya Ranjan Samal,Kundan Samal / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2025

A novel approach for traffic congestion assessment has been presented using percentile speeds as key indicators, focusing on urban roads. By evaluating the 98th, 85th, and 15th percentile speeds, authors of the research developed a congestion severity index, offering a more precise and intuitive method for analyzing traffic flow compared to traditional travel time-based indices. Key congestion indices, such as the Planning Time Index (PTI) and Travel Time Index (TTI) were compared to percentile speeds, revealing a significant association with the 15th and 85th percentile speeds. The K-means clustering technique was applied to classify congestion severity into three levels, validated by a high silhouette value indicating the robust clustering. The study's speed-based congestion severity index provides a practical and efficient framework for real-time congestion management, particularly in heterogeneous traffic environments.

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Dynamic Routing in Urban Transport Logistics under Limited Traffic Information

Author(s): Viktor Danchuk,Oleksandr Hutarevych,Serhii Taraban / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2025

A method for online dynamic routing of freight delivery under limited traffic information using an ant colony algorithm, has been proposed. This method leverages real-time IoT data on traffic flow (TF) intensity from traffic sensors on urban road network (URN) sections, combined with averaged historical data on TF parameters (speed, density, intensity) obtained from traffic sensors on representative sections of homogeneous clusters within the URN. The procedure for forming homogeneous clusters within the URN and identifying representative sections is described. The results of simulation studies using the URN of Kyiv as an example indicate the potential of this method for urban transport logistics in conditions of complex traffic.

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RATIONALIZATION OF PESTICIDE CONSUMPTION FOR GROWED FRUIT CULTURES IN CENTRAL BOSNIA

Author(s): Aida Varupa,Krsto Mijanović / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2022

In the last 10 years, the development of small agricultural holdings has prevailed in Central Bosnia. Plant productions in the first region of raspberries, plums and apples are represented. The second region is raspberry, strawberry and apple and the third region is plum, apple and pear. This production is accompanied by the services of agricultural pharmacies, including fertilizers, food and protection. The experience of agricultural engineers and ecologists indicates uncontrolled consumption of fertilizers and protective agents. Another big problem is the absence of agricultural advisory services in the field, so farmers use over-the-counter plant protection products. The use of plant protection products and nutrition without the appropriate dose and concentration is a problem for the cultivated plants themselves and the overall living environment, ie the environment. This paper will show how it is possible to rationalize the consumption of pesticides and apply production to the extent that it is environmentally friendly and whose products will be higher quality, without residues that we take into the body every day by using fertilizers and pesticides without instructions.

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