Kína – Szocialista kísérlet a kapitalista világgazdaságban

Author(s): Collective Chuang / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 32/2023

The aim of this issue is to add a perspective to the debate on China's increased global role - and thus its emerging influence in Hungary and the region - that can interpret the history of Chinese socialism and its post-reform economic growth within the dynamics of global capitalism.The first study, entitled "Sorghum and Steel", begins with a discussion of the political and economic circumstances of the Communist takeover in 1949, and then analyses the process of socialist industrial development, illuminating the political struggles through the contradictions of the economic process. In discussing the socialist period, Chuang concludes that by the 1970s, the socialist industrial development effort seemed to have collapsed under its own contradictions.The second, "Red Dust", starts the story of reform and opening from here, but also adds the context of global capitalism and Cold War geopolitics to the internal dynamics of socialist industrial development. Within this relational framework, Chuang analyses the increasingly intense influx of Western investment into the region from the 1970s onwards, the Japanese miracle and subsequent crisis, and the region's staggered waves of industrial expansion ('flying wild geese' model), all as part of a compensatory effort motivated by the crisis of the post-World War II cycle, culminating in China's post-opening transformation. The analysis concludes with a description of the rapid post-opening industrialization, the disintegration of the socialist work and residence-based benefit system, and the urban migrant labour force as a new class.

Câteva proprietăți fundamentale ale muzeului, indispensabile în context contemporan

Author(s): Liviu Răzvan Pripon / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2022

What is the strength of the museum? The answer can be summarized briefly by listing two strong and distinctive points that define this institution in its essence. The museum is a device that generates time and, on the other hand, operates with the authentic object, giving the possibility of a direct interaction with the reality of visitors. Even in case of considerable intervention by contextualization of the museum object, the visitor has the possibility to establish a direct, present and sufficiently intimate connection with at least a fraction belonging to the object itself, which intervenes in the knowledge of the truth. In contrast stand replicas or copies of objects with which we are continuously bombarded in a time of constant processing and manipulation of reality through computers and their software. In this paper I argue for the two fundamental features of the museum and I try to prove that they have an indispensable role from a cultural point of view, which cannot be replaced by other media, considered by some, competitors.

Modurile în care noile tehnologii schimbă muzeele și spațiile de consum cultural

Author(s): Mihaela Ion / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2022

New technologies have started to be used in museums and other cultural consumption venues, and the online marketing notion of “phygital” is becoming more and more integrated into the art world transforming an exhibition or a museum. The main factors that have led to the digitalization of art exhibitions and a mandatory presence in the online environment, especially on social media, were the pandemic and the recurring lockdowns that turned our daily life into an online daily life. New technologies are transforming the way we interact with a work of art or an exhibition and how we deliver contemporary value judgments. The new curatorial practices and the organizational practices of an exhibition adapt to the requirements of a public eager for technological and artistic novelty. Through the examples used in the article, I highlight how new technologies transform and retransform the notions of art/non-art.

O specyfice wiedzy we współczesnych naukach humanistycznych

Author(s): Mateusz Falkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 48/2024

In the paper, the current condition of the humanities is confronted with the crisis of foundations in mathematics at the turn of the 20th century. This reveals the difference between mathematical knowledge and the humanities, especially that of the structuralist variant with its formalist aspirations. The birth and decay of structuralism involve a simultaneous transformation of the research field, which henceforth becomes culture, and of the cognitive instrumentarium. As a result, it turns out that not only is there no proper object of humanistic research, but also no truly humanistic language. Humanistic knowledge – called extensive knowledge, in contrast to mathematical intensive knowledge – is doomed to meta-languages.

ОБРАЗУВАНЕ НА БЪДЕЩЕ ВРЕМЕ С ЧАСТИЦА „И“ В ГОВОРИ ОТ СРЕДНОГОРИЕТО, СТРАНДЖА-САКАР И БЕСАРАБИЯ

Author(s): Vasil Kondov,Ivan G. Iliev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2019

This article traces the use of the future particle i/j ‘shall, will’ in Bulgarian dialects spoken in the region of the Sredna Gora to Middle Northern Bulgaria, in South-Eastern Bulgaria, and in Bessarabia. The authors argue that this phenomenon is one of the characteristic features of the socalled Chijshij Bulgarian dialects in Bessarabia and that, in them, it is inherited from the dialects in the region of Sredna Gora which is the land of origin of the above-mentioned Bulgarian dialects in Bessarabia.

БЕЛЕЖКИ ЗА ФОРМИТЕ НА ДВЕ БЪДЕЩИ ВРЕМЕНА В БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ПРЕСЕЛНИЧЕСКИ ГОВОР В УЗУНКьОПРЮЙСКО

Author(s): Ivan G. Iliev,Petko Petkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2019

This article discusses future tense particles in a Bulgarian dialect spoken in European Turkey (in the villages around the towns of Uzunköprü and Babaeski). The dialect is spoken by Muslim Bulgarians who left Bulgaria at the end of the 19th century or later. Most of them originate from Middle Northern Bulgaria but some of them have come to this place from Northern Greece and have mixed with the others. There is a variety of future tense particles in the dialect under consideration: ša, sa, za, ža ‘shall, will’. The authors show examples of the use of the above mentioned particles and draw conclusions about their origin in the dialect analyzed.

ПО ПЪТЯ НА СРЕБЪРНИЯ ЧЕРПАК ОТ СТРУГА ПРЕЗ СОФИЯ ДО АНХИАЛО

Author(s): Ana Kocheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

АРТИСТЪТ ОТБЛИЗО, АРТИСТЪТ НАДАЛЕЧ

Author(s): Vladimir Atanasov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ ОБЩНОСТНИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ В ЧУЖБИНА В УСЛОВИЯТА НА ПАНДЕМИЯ

Author(s): Vladimir Penchev,Anelia Avdzhieva,Tanya Matanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

Results from an online research and observations of Bulgarian migrant communities’ organizations within and outside Europe due to Covid-19 pandemic. Main pillars are the 123 connections with the homeland, the hosting country, and with the local community, mechanisms for support, as well as forms of activities, festivity, and communal consolidation.

ЕНОРИЯТА КАТО ЕДНО СЕМЕЙСТВО: БЪЛГАРСКАТА ЦЪРКОВНА ОБЩИНА В ЖЕНЕВА

Author(s): Sandra Kerelezova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

The text presents the Bulgarian church community “Nativity of the Vir-gin Mary” in Geneva, which is part of the Western and Central European Diocese of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. It contains thoughts shared by Bulgarians participating actively in the development of the newly-created church community. The article focuses on different aspects of parish life: church services, social initiatives, educational activities, etc. It also exam-ines the question of how restrictive measures during a pandemic affect a young church community.

ЗА НАЧИНА НА САМООПРЕДЕЛЯНЕ НА „НАШЕНЦИТЕ“ В ОБЛАСТТА СРЕДСКА ЖУПА, Р. КОСОВО

Author(s): Iliyana Garavalova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

The article is interpreting the problem about the way of self-distinction of the Bulgarian minority in the area Sredska Jupa, located on the territory of Kosovo Republic. It is well preserved due to the mountain terrain and the natural isolation of the region and its origin leads back to the years of pros-perity of the First and the Second Bulgarian kingdom. The interest, which the language of the people from the region inflicts, is due to not only the compilation of archaic signs with modern tendencies in the development of the Bulgarian language, but with the possibility that through its research to be outlined the western border of the Bulgarian linguistic area too. The research is based fully on new linguistic material, collected on place during seven years while conducting courses of Bulgarian language, History and Literature for the candidate students from the area.

Проф. д.ф.н. Албена Георгиева-Ангелова (1954–2024)

Author(s): Mariyanka Borisova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

In memoriam

Проф. д-р Магдалена Елчинова (1962–2024)

Author(s): Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

In memoriam

VESNA PARUN’S JOURNEY TO BULGARIA AS EXISTENTIAL NECESSITY AND CHALLENGE TO CREATIVITY

Author(s): Antoaneta Balcheva / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The article examines Vesna Parun’s journey to Bulgaria as a mental construction, whose optical framework is the meeting ground of the dialogue about borders and identities, about surmounting time and space, about the physical and its metaphysical dimension, about escape and return. Immersed in the waters of the “inner self”, the author focuses on suggestion in order to invigorate intuition and unravel the essence of her own existence. The brainchild of her deep self-reflection and philosophical insights, her contact with Bulgarian topoi, artists, historical and cultural realities is presented as an ontological route that is a rationale for creative inspiration and a condition for spiritual resurrection.

VESNA PARUN’S TRAVELOGUES FROM BULGARIA

Author(s): Sanja Knežević / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

In Croatian literature, there is a long tradition of travelogues from South Slavic countries. In this work, three travelogues of Vesna Parun, the great Croatian poet of the 20th century, are interpreted. Vesna Parun lived in Bulgaria for several years in the 1960s. In her book of essays, travelogues and feuilletons, Nedovršeni mozaik (1990), three Bulgarian travelogues were published: “More bez sunčevih zalazaka”, “Djevojčica i vjetar” and “Probuđeni bakrorez”.

Matrimony between Christians: Historical Dynamics and Canonical Perspective

Author(s): Stanislav Přibyl / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2023

Firstly, the article provides basic information on the biblical teaching on marriage. While the Old Testament sees marriages with numerous offspring as a high value, the New Testament shows a tendency towards celibacy, be it on account of imitating Christ or for the expectation of imminent parousia. The most important author amongst the Fathers of the Church, St. Augustine, made a significant contribution towards forming the Catholic doctrine on marriage upon which drew even the medieval scholastics. In the modern age, the Church complained about the countries which forced their concept of marriage on the Catholic faithful. Even today, the Catholic Church is against the breakdown of marriage by means of divorce. Since the Second Vatican Council, however, there has been a development, for example, as regards contracting marriages between Christians of Catholic and non-Catholic confessions. Prior to the publication of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, this was expressed in the motu proprio of Paul VI Matrimonia mixta, whose regulation did not have to be changed substantially in the Code.

Социализация и ресоциализация на „дивите“ деца (върху примери от фолклорни и литературни произведения)

Author(s): Daniel Polihronov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2024

The article interprets the problem of socialisation and resocialisation of “feral” children on the example of real-life stories, folklore and literary works. A pedagogical commentary is made on trends, causes and results, as well as on educational and methodical approaches to the inclusion of children raised by animals in the wild.

Solar Deity in Japanese Mythology

Author(s): Danijela Vasić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In order to create an orderly state, the first imperial chronicles emerged in the early 8th century in the territory of modern Japan through the integration and systematization of mythical elements that proved the legitimacy of the government and the descent of the imperial Yamato lineage from the supreme deity of the Shinto pantheon - the Great Sun Goddess Amaterasu. This mythic paradigm was created on the existing mytho-historical foundations fostered by cultural and political contacts with the Korean kingdoms and the Chinese empire. There is evidence that the cult of the solar deity, originally portrayed as a male principle, originated in a corpus outside the Yamato mythological system. And since male-female pairs of rulers were common (first it was the gods, later the ruler and the shamaness), it is possible that at some point the distinction between the sexes was blurred and then the female side prevailed. However, the female ancestral deity does not indicate a period of matriarchy. This symbolic type of goddess, who initiates a patrimonial lineage with rare female exceptions, was created by members of a privileged group of powerful men to legitimize their own power structures. Moreover, the cult of the mother goddess is not limited to the solar principle, but is associated with weaving, silk production, and agriculture. Thus, the simple assertion that the Yamato imperial lineage descended from the goddess Amaterasu raises numerous questions and doubts, which this essay attempts to answer.

NATURA ARTIS MAGISTRA. REPREZENTACJE PRZYRODY W ŁEMKOWSKIEJ SZTUCE WSPÓŁCZESNEJ

Author(s): Michał Szymko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2023

The aim of the article is to present the representation of nature in contemporary Lemko art. The motif of nature in Lemko art is not the subject of many studies and scientific studies. After Operation Vistula, Lemko villages were deserted. Currently, Beskid Niski is called the land of tourists, because young Lemkos leave for larger agglomerations, and older generations pass away. With the displacement of the Lemkos, the perception of nature changed - young Lemkos, working through the topic of loss, take abandoned Lemko villages and the wild nature accompanying them as their main research point. They notice the void left by their ancestors and ask clear questions about responsibility for Operation Vistula. The aim of the article is to analyze the issues of Lemko socio-cultural changes and the metaphor of nature - a symbol of the variability of fate and duration. The text was created based on collected materials, i.e. interviews, sociological research and selected examples of contemporary art dealing with the topic of the Lemko region. The works of Epifaniusz Drowniak (Nikifor Krynicki), Natalia Hładyk, Władysław Rewak, Andryj Suchorski, Ewelina Kogut and Michał Szymko were analyzed.

ЧОГО СЯ НАВЧЫШ, ВОДА НЕ ЗАБЕРЕ, ОГЕНЬ НЕ СПАЛИТ - О УЧЕНЮ У ПРИСЛОВКОХ ЗОЗ ЗБИРКИ БОЛЕСЛАВА (ВАСИЛЯ) БАВОЛЯКА

Author(s): Tomasz Kwoka / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 7/2023

The analysis of folk proverbs from Bolesław Bawolak’s book Lemko proverbs and sayings from Swiatkowa Wielka and the surrounding area provides the basis for the reconstruction of opinions on the role of teaching, learning and education in the life of Lemkos in the past, as reflected in culture and language. The linguistic representation of education in Lemko paremiology is presented based on the analysis of proverbs containing lexemes вчыти (ся) (learn), чытати (read), наука (learning), учытель (teacher), and книжка (book). Proverbs are an important part of folk culture of every nation. Recording and analysing folk sayings, cultural heritage samples, everyday customs, knowledge of the world, and sensibilities of past generations also provides the basis for studying changes these communities underwent over the years.