Around the bloc: No Quick Fix for Blacked-out Crimea
Russian official concedes that completing an ‘energy bridge’ to the region could still take weeks.
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Russian official concedes that completing an ‘energy bridge’ to the region could still take weeks.
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Poland, Slovakia among those working to block new Nord Stream pipeline corridor between Russia and Germany.
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Bodies begin washing ashore as Azerbaijan’s state-owned petroleum firm suffers its “biggest tragedy”.
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Governmental plans to generate hydropower from the Vjosa River draw protests from environmentalists, locals.
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Forex restrictions hit importers, sparking a rush on shops. Can TAPI save the day?
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Case highlights restrictions imposed on residents in Russia’s closed cities.
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The main aim of the article was to emphasize the importance of climate change as a major challenge for risk management in Polish agriculture. We underlined a mechanism of the impact of these processes on agriculture. We evaluated “prospective” risk management instruments adapted to the pace of climate change, including the concept of sustainable development. The paper is a review study, with some elements of meta-analysis. Factors hindering the process of introduction and implementation of “prospective” risk management instruments included: (1) very limited economic and financial data, collected by farm households, (2) a fairy loose link between farms and infrastructure infrastructure offered by the financial sector. There is a need to take into account the construction of modern insurance product conditions related to economic and financial situation of households, including their income sensitivity to disaster events. Climate change may provide incentives to improve the current institutional arrangements for risk management, as well as deepening offer tools, including insurance products partially subsidized from public funds.
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Russia’s vast natural gas deposits, widely viewed as a vital strategic asset, make it possible for Russia to exert an influence on the neighbouring countries. One of key elements of Kremlin’s gas strategy in this regard is having direct access to European and Asian markets. In the context of the EU–Russia crisis triggered by the war in Ukraine, Moscow is looking for new market opportunities for its gas. The South Stream plan has been replaced by the Turkish Stream project, and Russia is also developing gas projects with China. The short-term question for the EU should not be how to break energy bonds with Russia, but how to contain the damage caused by the current Russian strategy.
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The paper presents role of agri-environmental programs in agricultural farms development in Western Pomerania province. The research, made in 2012 show that possibility of additional financial sources gaining is one of basic motives tending farmers to accession to the program and choosing the right packet. Non-economic motives (i.e. environment's protection in rural) were pointed strongly fewer. The most important motive to choose factor was the level of payment and possibility of its realization. In that situation it seems that it is песезэагу to change the system of payments in range of particular packets. The rates of payments in the rarest chosen but very important from the environmental points of view, packets must be increased, such like protection of threat-en birds species in and out of Nature 2000 and creation of buffers.
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Environmental services as externalities, are often overlooked in economic analyses of business activity. This approach is particularly disadvantageous in agriculture, since some of the services 3uch as soil fertility and pollination are key processes decisive of productivity in this sector.The purpose of this article is to present environmental services related to agriculture and the creation of a coherent classification. These considerations have been carried out by the critical analysis of available literature on the theory of environmental services.
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In the article ware presented one of the nine packages, which is implemented bythe Rural Development Programme for the years 2007-2013. Package 2: Organic farming belongs to second Axle of agri-environmental program. This package show3 12 variants of agri-environment there were presented the rates of agri-environmental payments, terms of grant them, аз well as financial sanctions in case of breaches of agri environmental policy'. Based on data from the years 2007-2012 was carried out the analysis of the number of beneficiaries of Package 2. The primary source of data presented ш tabular part are the data coming from the West Pomeranian Regional Branch of ARMA and the elaborations of the Main Inspectorate of Trade Quality" of Agricultural and Food (IJHARS).
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Participation of farmers, food producers and processors in food quality schemes is one of the opportunities to achieve sustainable development of agriculture and rural are as. EU and national food quality schemes contribute to the promotion of sustainable development in its three dimensions: economic, environmental and socio-cultural. The aim of this study was to determine the role of food quality schemes in the development of sustainable agriculture and rural areas
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The aim of this thesis was to elaborate afforestation concept for the Buk community. In the first stage of thesis were included the following conditions about increasing afforestation in the community: hydrographic conditioning, occurrence of lively nature and ecological connections, soil conditions as well as some of antropogenic conditions.Afterwards there were areas selected for afforestation according to conditions for agroforestry border determination from 2003, describing conditions of selecting new forest complexes. Furthermore afforestation designing process conforms to National ForestPolicy and development planning on local level. Based on conducted conditions analysis forestation in Buk community increased from low value of 3,9% to 18,70%. Increase of forest areas contributes inter alia to improvement of landscape values and quality of environment in Buk community
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The decentralization of public administration in Slovakia after the year 2002 meant a significant broadening of competencies and responsibilities of municipalities for the development of theirs territories. The act no. 416/2001 Z. z. about the transition of some competencies from the organs of state administration to the municipalities and selfgoverning regions also transferred some competencies in the case of waste management. The waste management in each municipality has to be in accordance with the Act on waste, with the Program of waste management and also the General municipal ordinance. The implementation of these wider competencies can be successfully executed only by the appropriate approaches in municipality management. The financial cost of collection, logistics, processing and expedition of communal waste is very high. One of the possibilities how to decrease this cost is the waste separation which is subsidized by the Recycling fund.
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Geothermal energy represents an important renewable energy sources in the European continent which could successfully replace conventional energy. In this regard, this article provides an insight into the geothermal resource potential as well as its market and industry in the European Union. The study brings also into focus a comparative analyse between the NREAP predicted values for 2012 and reported data from the Member States. The final part of the paper reviews the support schemes and programmes on geothermal energy.
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The study investigated the solid waste characterization in private health institutions in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. Primary data were obtained through the measurement of solid waste generated in the selected private health institutions segregated into sharps, plastic and nylon, paper, food waste, pharmaceutical, pathological components. PHI in each LGAs of Ibadan metropolis were stratified according to the services they render. Simple random sampling technique was used to select one PHI from each stratum for data collection. Waste components categorized as ‘others’ was the highest waste generated (10.68kg). This accounted for 23.6% of the total waste generated and a daily average of 0.51kg. The per capita waste generation was 0.01kg/head/day. The lowest waste component (0.38kg) generated was pharmaceutical waste and it represented 0.84% of the total waste generated. The daily average for this waste component was 0.02kg. The per capita generation of sharp waste components was 0.01kg/head/day. Food waste represented 19.2% of the total waste generated while nylon/plastic represented 18.4%. The study concluded that a better understanding of the composition of medical solid waste is fundamental in order to choose the best management approach sequel to generation. This study has shown that very little has been done on medical waste management in the study area. Thus, this study recommends that; the stakeholders (the state ministries of Environment and Health and the Oyo State Waste Management Agency) should pursue strict enforcement of legislation that will have a significant impact on the sorting, segregation and storage of medical solid waste in the study area.
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The paper examined the possibility and of reusing household’s grey water for non-potable uses as a means for reducing fresh water demand. The study was done in one of the planned residential areas of Khulna city where water demand and consumption is higher than other haphazardly grown areas. The study used two databases and other secondary materials, collected from relevant organizations. In addition personal communication has been made with concerned personnel. The study found that the residence of the study area get 46% supply water compared with only 20% in the whole city. Availability of water increased water consumption up to 300 litres per day per household. A significant amount of water (90%) is used for bathing, washing and cooking. Both the shower and kitchen water goes straight to drainage system to be more polluted with other toxic wastes. On the other hand, supply system is entirely based on ground water and absence of demand management techniques, over-extraction of ground water has been observed. Khulna city and surroundings have been facing salinity and arsenic contaminations in ground water, making it too vulnerable to provide fresh water to its 1.5 million citizens in coming years. Water treatment still remains uncovered in Bangladesh and authorities repeatedly had gone for capital intensive ground water extraction. Keeping in mind the ease, affordability and available technology, dualreticulated recycling method is thus advised where the grey water will go again for toilet flushing and gardening after minimal treatment. It was assumed that the system will bring the half of the household waste water into use which will eventually reduce demand for fresh water.
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Today there is a growing concern about urbanization and its impact on environmental pollution, which threatens human health and quality of life especially in mega cities. The mega city of Tehran, the capital of Iran, deals with various types of pollution. Although a large body of research has highlighted the significance of study on urban pollution in mega cities, only a few studies have addressed the issue at the micro scale. However, most of the research is restricted to air and noise pollution, whereas visual pollution as an important type of pollution that can be interpreted more deeply on a micro-scale, has been neglected. This study aims to evaluate some of the major issues of environmental pollution in Tehran by focusing on the micro-scale of the street. Therefore, as the central part of Tehran is one of the most affected divisions in the city, Enghelab Street has been selected as the case study for this research. This paper argues that identification and implementation of pollution mitigating strategies in Tehran’s master plan is not responsive enough to the whole city. This study of Enghelab Street reveals that policy making strategies for decreasing pollution should be initiated from micro-scale with further emphasis on psychological health. In the future, the lessons learned from the case study of Enghelab will help other major cities in developing countries to combat pollution through initiating from most affected districts in small scale.
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In the process of rapid urbanization and domination of concrete overnature, lifestyles have changed. Since natural landscape and greenery are crucially important to our quality of life and the majority of the population are going to settle down in urban areas, urban open green spaces as the ‘lungs of the city’ are often at the center of the debate on urban planning and sustainable development. The overall aim of this paper is to investigate the social, health, environmental and economic benefits of providing urban open green space. The many benefits of urban open green spaces were investigated in a systematic review of scientific online databases, relevant research and other related papers.
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Equitable access to land uses and optimum use of land is an essential element of sustainable development and social justice. One of the challenges on the way of today's cities is the lack of suitable locations for urban activities which made urban life difficult. In general, land and space is a public source of life and public wealth and is considered as a commodity which we should use in line with public interests. It should be monitored and evaluated, which is a duty of land use planning. Land use planning has spatial and location organization and urban activities according to the needs and wants of urban community on its agenda. The aim of the present study is to investigate spatial distribution of urban land use in Zone Three of Isfahan city and determine the deficiencies and problems of its uses. Arc GIS software was used for descriptive and factor analysis and land studies. The result of the study shows that Zone Three of Isfahan has different uses with a cross-regional role which created problems in the city. And also, most of the uses in the region lacks suitable homogeneity (such as educational, hygienic, recreational, sports uses and etc) and the uses aren’t distributed optimally in the region.
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