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Gender Aspects of Youth Employment in Georgia

Author(s): Nino Abesadze,Nino Paresashvili / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The Actuality of an Issue: Today unemployment in Georgia is one of the most severe socioeconomic problems and therefore is Current challenges for the country. That's why his scientific study is of great importance, especially on the basis statistical indexes of employment and unemployment. The goal of the study is to analyze the modern picture of unemployment and employment in Georgia based on the calculation of the statistical data on the Background of Gender Stereotypes. Research methodology: In development of the article, generally accepted qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods of the economic science were employed, among them, statistical data processing, data grouping, inductive-deductive data analysis methods. The scientific study employs surveying, observation, as well as comparative, analytical, and graphical methods, which are used by the author to compare and analyse facts and assess solutions to specific issues. Results and implications: The paper considers the gender aspects of employment in Georgia. Besides, the trends of unemployment and their reasons are identified and the international instruments of protection of human rights regulating the equality between the men and the women in Georgia are considered. In addition, based on the statistical data, the analysis of employment and unemployment is given in a gender respect.

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The Competitive Advantages Theoretical Aspects

Author(s): Margarita Išoraitė / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The Article analyses the concept of competitive advantages, creating competitive advantages, model competitive advantages. It is argued that competitive advantage is influenced by the factors such as infrastructure, the complexity of the business, labor and goods market efficiency, financial market complexity, innovation, technology, institutions of higher education and training, and macroeconomics. It is also believed that equally important for are both external as and internal factors These factors determine whether a company is able to defeat its rivals and lead the market. Competition has its theoretical models and competitive advantage in the development of strategies as part of the targeted helps companies gain a competitive advantage over the competition. It is important to regularly monitor and examine the target competitors' strategies to quickly respond to their actions in order to grasp how to overcome them and find themselves in the leadership position it so that to survive and conquer the market.

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The Status of Modular Sourcing Compared to Other Procurement Strategies

Author(s): Melanie Buchmüller,Thorsten Eidmüller,Andreas Mussmann,Jan Kopia / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

This article demonstrates that modular sourcing has more significant advantages for a company than the other analyzed sourcing strategies. Thereby the outcome of the research shows that in order to be successful a company should apply the modular sourcing strategy. Consequently, it is indisputable, that modular sourcing cohere to business success. All these insights into scientific evidence concerning of sourcing strategies based on a valid thorough literature survey. Value: The research results of this paper can be used by companies within the decision for the importance of modular sourcing as primary sourcing strategy in an automotive company.

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Socio-Cultural Factors and Their Impact on the Performance of Multinational Companies

Author(s): Azemina Masovic / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The paper deals with the concepts of socio-cultural factors and performance of multinational companies. Multinational companies operate in different host countries around the world and have to deal with wide variety of economic, political, legal, socio-cultural and technological factors. One of the significant components of the business environment is a socio-cultural environment. A socio-cultural environment is a combination of social and cultural factors. Due to the strong interaction that exists between them, it is very difficult to assess their separate influence on the business operation of multinational companies. The socio-cultural factors are one of the main environmental factors that significantly affect the economic activity of multinational companies and their performance as well. Moreover, socio-cultural factors are beyond the control of foreign subsidiaries’ managers. The purpose of this paper is to describe the influence of certain socio-cultural factors on the performance of foreign subsidiaries. On the basis of the obtained results, the contribution of the paper is reflected in the determination of key socio-cultural factors that multinational companies should take into consideration in order to evaluate the actual performance of foreign subsidiaries and their managers.

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Influence of Cultural Determinants on the Process of Business Innovations Management

Author(s): Temur Shengelia,Khatuna Berishvili / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Globalization of markets worldwide causes free movement of not only capital, work force and technologies, but joint management of innovation problems. Open innovations have become a source of technological and economic development of the innovator-countries. In modern conditions transnational corporations are characterized by cooperation in the sphere of innovations and a high level of coordination and direct their orientation to open (international) innovations, which is an important source, on the one part, of technological progress development and, on the other, growth of profit. In Georgia the most important themes of the innovation process is considered to be: institutions, finances, management, staff, technology, and the national and business culture, as the context of innovations is almost not considered. This is motivated by the circumstance that technological component of innovations is considered to be more important than humanotarian. Within the context of markets, fields and globalization of innovations the study and analysis of multicultural factors of innovations are becoming far more important.

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The Impact of Preferential Agro Credit on the Development of Agribusiness in Georgia

Author(s): Eteri Kharaishvili / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The paper analyzes the agribusiness development indicators in Georgia and evaluates the growth tendencies in this field. The achieved results are not considered to be sufficient for ensuring a competitive production. The article provides the assessment of the role of agribusiness in economic growth and achieving social stability of the country. The hindering factors for the development of agribusiness are identified through expert evaluations and priority schemes. One of the most acute problems is considered to be limited access to cheap, long-term and affordable financial resources. The paper studies demand and supply structure of preferential agro credit and the factors affecting this structure. The possibilities of improving infrastructure capacities, introduction of modern technologies in production, development of integration processes for creation of added value in agribusiness by using preferential agro credit are substantiated. The paper provides conclusions and recommendations on the possibilities of development of agribusiness in terms of preferential agro credits, as well as on the improvement of credit disbursement mechanism and simplification of procedures.

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WASTE MANAGEMENT IN AVIATION – RECYCLING IS NOT ENOUGH

Author(s): Ann-Kathrin Arp,Jan Kiehne,Matthias Dünnweber,Katrin Marquardt,Raphael Gert Denis Murswieck / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Due to the environmental challenges associated with the strong growth of plastic waste worldwide new grounds have to be broken. In public belief plastic is considered a practical, hygienic material that could be recycled into new plastic after use. However, disposed plastic is not recycled for the most part but is landfilled or used for waste-to-energy. Especially, the outcome of landfill is pollution and marine litter. Based on the plastic waste in the ocean, the problem of microplastic gains in importance. Through tourism – a critical factor – a growth of plastic waste can be registered, e. g. especially air traffic is highly dependent on efficient and easily disposed material. Plastic is the product of choice. Exemplified on a closer examination of one airline makes already almost 45 millions passengers, whose meals and beverages come with plastic. So, aviation includes substantial waste-saving potential throughout different alternatives to avoid plastic. The authors show the actual situation and demonstrate ways to reduce plastic waste in the context of economic efficiency. The conclusion bears the most eco-friendly alternative for air traffic and gives an outlook on further research.

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS): 1 AND 5 –COMPLEMENTARY TOWARDS FULFILLMENT OF GOALS THROUGH BNF GRANT: AN ANALYSIS AMONG THE BENEFICIARIES

Author(s): Muhammad Mahboob Ali,Kamrul Hossain,ABM Alauddin Chowdhury,Alexandru-Mircea Nedelea / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Bangladesh NGO Foundation (BNF) has been launched by the Bangladesh Government in 2004 with the aim to support of the partner Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in assigning in taking up socio- economic development activities and poverty alleviation as well as gender balances through small amount of BNF Grant. The country has also been in front of enormous challenges of feeding the rapidly increasing population or even to support their livelihood in a sustainable manner. Bangladesh NGO foundation already disbursed more than 115 Crore taka through partner organizations out of which 36% is male while 64% is female beneficiary. The study intends to see whether SDG 1 and 5 is helping to implement both the goals through BNF grant fund as a complementary manner. Time period of the study was 1st March 2017 to 31th July,2017 . This study aimed to find out whether sustainable development goal 1 and 5 of BNF partner organization due to BNF grant is indicating any significant role? Research question of the study is whether BNF’s partner organizations sustainable development goal 1 and 5 of BNF partner organization due to BNF grant? Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data for this study. NGOs are employed for women’s enterprise since escalating women’s economic opportunities is fundamental to sustainable growth and building more equitable societies. In this study, 93.9% of the organizations give help to women entrepreneurs. Majority (69.6%) of the respondents were strongly agreed that BNF’s financing and capital formatting solve social problem. It has been seen that there was significant association between NGOs role for removing poverty and fulfilling towards SDG1 and 5 as working for complementary through funds for zero poverty and disparity removing among inequality of poor women group has been also occurring. Marketing strategy through arranging supply chain management and setting up Business incubator by the authority of BNF is desirable. However, restructuring of BNF is required as it lacks any vision, mission and marketing approach as well as supply chain management process .Further, at rural area govt. of the country should set up community banking for channelling micro saving to micro investment.

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THE EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION, POLITICAL STABILITY AND STATE INSTITUTIONS ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN ROMANIA

Author(s): Dan Pîrlogeanu,Mihaela Panait Tanase / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

The article examines the consequences of corruption, political stability and state institutions on foreign direct investments in Romania as a result of the development of financial instruments and technological means. The paper examines the concepts found in the literature referring to the impact of corruptions on foreign direct investment and the power of the authorities to maintain the quality of their governance through the degree of economic liberalization. In this study, statistical data on corruption, foreign direct investments and governmental efficiency have been interpreted. The purpose of writing this article was to present the effects of corruption on foreign direct investments in Romania in order to generate new information on this topic that is not developed in the literature.

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FOREIGN TRADE OF GEORGIA AND EAST AND CENTRAL EUROPEAN STATES COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Author(s): Giorgi Gaganidze,Badri Ramishvili / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

After disintegration of the Soviet Union and subsequent collapse of the traditional system of foreign trade, former soviet Republics and now newly Independent States faced acute problems, which had a tremendous negative impact on all of them. Formation of the new economic relations was a tough process, in which former “Soviet Bloc” States had a preferential position; before long they chose the European course of development. The Course of joining the European Union was declared by Georgia after some period and only in 2014 was signed the Association Agreement. These Agreements turned out to be quite challenging for Georgia as it imposes huge obligations: in the field of Foreign Trade among others. What is the current situation,? And how can we benefit from the Free Trade Agreements? These are the topics of major interest for the present article, in which we use the techniques of comparative analysis. The Analysis is focused on several aspects of foreign trade, such as export geography, major exporting products, changes in foreign trade, based on the assumption that Association Agreement would positively influence export potential and scales of export on the EU market. In addition, Trade Intensification Index in all the above mentioned States is computed in order to find out the export potential utilization on the major markets – the EU, CIS and NAFTA. Trade Intensification Index allowed us to compare the export potential utilization of all the three States. The research led us to the following conclusions: association agreement didn’t support creation of new export products, major exporting groups in every State are stable, the TII revealed that the EU market export potential is best utilized by Eastern and Central European States and the same is true about Georgia on NAFTA.

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CUSTOMER LOYALTY MODEL: CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS INTERVENING VARIABLE

Author(s): Echo Perdana Kusumah / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

This study aims to test the research model of Brand Image and Product Quality on Customer Loyalty through Customer Satisfaction. The population of this study is the customers who have Xiaomi smartphone product in Pangkalpinang City, Indonesia. The quota sampling method of 120 respondents is taken in this study. The method of analysis used in this study is path analysis. The results of this study indicate that Product Quality and Brand Image directly influence Customer Loyalty and also influence indirectly through Customer Satisfaction.

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ATTRACTING FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: WHY BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA SHOUD BE LEARNING FROM CHINA

Author(s): Emina Šabić,Sanel Halilbegovic / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

The importance of capital inflows and outflows is something that country needs and encourage it to help the economies of countries to grow at a steady rate. The purpose of this study is to provide a framework and to explain what main drivers of FDI in the world are and what policies should be made to encourage the FDI in BiH. Main limitations of this study would be that, since this is rather an extensive study, it will not be able to cover all factors in-depth, but the author will try to explain in great detail the ones that she considers to be of great importance for Bosnia and Herzegovina. The author will examine factors that China took into consideration as it's incentives for attracting FDI. Furthermore, this study will show what the main factors are influencing the FDI of other countries and how Bosnia can improve its policies and change them to attract FDI.

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ANALYSIS OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ROMANIA

Author(s): Veronica Grosu / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

The objective of this paper is focused on the analysis of the evolution of GDP at the level of our country during the period 2011-2017, but also at the sector of activity, constructions, this being an important sector of the economic and social activity through which the movement of goods and people in space , with the objective of satisfying the material and spiritual interests of society.

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CURRENT STANCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SME DEVELOPMENT IN GEORGIA: PERSPECTIVES AND CHALLENGES

Author(s): Irine Guruli / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

The paper analyzes external and internal factors impeding and determining entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) development in Georgia and scrutinizes the role of the state in the process. Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with different stakeholders. The study findings show that notwithstanding the rigorous reforms leading to improved business environment, establishment of a vibrant SME sector in Georgia is still a challenge. In the paper, the author identifies major institutional and private sector specific weaknesses and provides policy recommendations. The study presents not only a specific country environment, but also explores different stages of transition process and its impact on entrepreneurship and SME development, describes factors affecting entrepreneurial outcome in the advanced transition countries.

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IMPACT OF MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS ON CORPORATE PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF SILKNET COMPANY

Author(s): Olga Pachulia / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

In this paper, we examine the impact of mergers and acquisitions on corporate financial performance in Georgian company using data from financial reports. The paper suggests literature overview of mergers and acquisitions and shows Georgian company example. Our article represents and analyses JSC Silkne’s merger and acquisitions strategy, industry selections and aim of the new acquisitions. Based on the portfolio analyze, mergers and acquisition benefits are find out, as a consequence product diversification is one of the strategy used to broaden business portfolio in the case of JSC Silknet. Moreover, our research suggests financial performance trends, based on return on Equity, Return on Assets, return on Sales. The results show, if the financial performance changed positively to the company’s favor while the company was merging and acquiring new firms.

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THE INFLUENCE OF RESOURCES AVAILABLE IN THE LOCAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ON THE DEGREE OF AUTONOMY

Author(s): Petronela Scutariu / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

Since local public administration meets local public interests by using local public resources – human, material and financial ones, the important role of the latter in the functioning of the local public administration cannot be denied. In a corresponding way, local autonomy – essential variable in the development process of the local public administration, cannot express truly without the existence of the local public resources available to the local community. In this matter, through the present article we aim to analyze the link between the level of the local public resources and the degree of the local autonomy, in relation to the concrete situation of Romanian local public administration, with an emphasis on the Suceava County. Investigations carried out in the administration of Suceava County have confirmed that the increasing of the level of resources available in the local public administration have also increased the degree of the local autonomy. A higher level of local public resources available to management representatives in the local public administration is likely to ultimately enhance their ability to achieve goals without support come from outside, which emphasizes a high degree of autonomy in the local administration process.

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LONDON TOURISM MARKET

Author(s): Yin Shengnan,Alexandru-Mircea Nedelea / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

London is the most famous European destination bases on its culture, events, museum and heritage. This paper aims to use the ‘10As’ model, especially in Activities, Appreciation and Action to show London’s diverse events, the customer’s feeling of welcome and its well-planned future strategy. It adopts stakeholder analysis to identify the responsibilities of key stakeholders: leisure and business tourists and applies 4Ps marketing mix to present culture tourism as the main products.

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THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF IMPAIRMENT OF NON-CASH-GENERATING ASSETS IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR ENTITIES, ACCORDING TO THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARD (IPSAS) 21

Author(s): Mariam Vardiashvili / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

International Accounting Standards pay a special attention to the asset measurement issues, The assent held by the public sector entities bring an economic benefit, or are used in the free delivery of services. The assets which carry the service potential, do not generate the cash flows, but generate a material basis for implementation of main functions of the public organizations. The issues related to impairment of the cash-generating and non-cash-generating assets are discussed in IPSAS 21 and IPSAS 26. Actuality of the issue is conditioned by circumstance that in case of impairment of the non-cash-generating assets, the methods of measurement of value of their use differ from measurement of the value of use of those assets, which bring an economic benefit. The Article considers the issues of determination of impairment of the non-cash-generation assets and recognition of the losses caused by such impairment in the public sector entities, according to the International Accounting Standards. A purpose of the Article is determine to analyze the theoretical aspects of determination and recognition of the losses caused by impairment of the non-cash-generating assets and, to reflect the same in the financial reporting according to IPSAS 21 - “Impairment of Non-Cash-Generating Assets”.

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MACROECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF BANK PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM GEORGIA

Author(s): Klara Ghurtskaia / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

This paper examines macroeconomic impact on the profitability of Georgian banking sector during 2003-2017 years. The bank profitability variable is Return on Assets and as for macroeconomic variables they include gross domestic product, inflation, unemployment, foreign direct investment and exchange rate. Correlation analyses and regression analyses were done. Based on this, our results suggests that macro variables have week relationship with banks profitability variable.

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FISCAL RISK – PREMISE OF FISCAL ANTI-FRAUD CONTROL

Author(s): Constantin Străpuc / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

The study develops a methodology for identifying and managing fiscal risks that will improve the measures taken by the tax authority, in the context of the efforts to streamline fiscal fraud controls but also to improve the behaviour of taxable subjects. The main objective of the research was to provide (scientific and practical) support for fiscal risk management and, implicitly, to establish the conduct to be followed by the fiscal authority. The study reveals that the success / effectiveness of actions / measures to prevent and / or combat acts and deeds of tax evasion and fraud depend on the rigor with which specific risk management processes are under way. The topic approached was and remains current in view of the need for continuous improvement of the fiscal anti-fraud control, with direct effects in limiting the tax evasion practices.

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