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Европейският съюз в световната икономика. Перспективи за развитие на ЕС в световните икономически и политически организации

Европейският съюз в световната икономика. Перспективи за развитие на ЕС в световните икономически и политически организации

Author(s): Valko Dzhankardashliyski / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the last 40 years, the world has gone through many dynamic economic processes. The division of the world into two opposing economic and military camps led to a definite change in the understanding of progress in the socialist form of economic development. The transition from one policy of governance to another gave prospects and freedom of choice to the new, young economies. The idea of the EC grew into the unification of the countries of continental Europe into one economic and political union in order to compete with the economies of countries such as the USA, China and various other economic and political unions. Participating in alliances is an old practice that, on a micro scale, has happened relatively easily until today. When we talk about the unification of several countries in order to gain some competitive advantages or advantages in the economy, diplomatic relations or the security of a common territory or border, the conditions for such a process of negotiations and agreements are complicated. Nowadays, the EU competes with the economies and political interests of the US, BRICS, SCO, with some EU countries participating in other alliances such as NATO (not participating but EU members, Austria, Ireland, Malta, Sweden), WTO and others. The report traces the development of the EU and its prospects for development in cooperation with various political and economic unions.

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Инициативата „Три морета“ като отговор на икономическите и геополитическите предизвикателства

Инициативата „Три морета“ като отговор на икономическите и геополитическите предизвикателства

Author(s): Dilyana Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The Three Seas Initiative is a political project, launched in 2016 by twelve European member states of the European Union, which share a close geographical location, historical and political development and face similar economic, political and social challenges. The article presents the concept, priorities and development of the Initiative, confirms the relevance of the agreed goals, as well as the contribution for development of the countries from Central and East Europe and the European Union in the fields of energy, infrastructure and digital inter-connectivity.

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Koszty i efekty pomocy publicznej podczas pandemii COVID-19. Programy UE oraz polskie tarcze antykryzysowe

Koszty i efekty pomocy publicznej podczas pandemii COVID-19. Programy UE oraz polskie tarcze antykryzysowe

Author(s): Grażyna Ancyparowicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to prove the thesis that the intervention activities of the Polish government and the central bank during the COVID-19 pandemic were necessary to overcome the economic consequences of the COVID-19 crisis. Methodology: The main research method is the monograph and the research techniques include analysis of legal documents and statistical data on public finance. Findings: The interventionism of the EU, combined with the actions of state institutions and NBP, had a positive impact on GDP dynamics and the labour market. Its negative effect was an increase in public debt and the money supply in the banking system. The imbalance between effective demand and effective supply was an important, yet not sole, cause of the persistent inflation of 2021–2023.

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W poszukiwaniu bezpieczeństwa finansowego w czasach kryzysu

W poszukiwaniu bezpieczeństwa finansowego w czasach kryzysu

Author(s): Małgorzata Zaleska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The aim of this chapter is to identify the selected problems related to financial markets, which still remain unsolved and can lead to another financial crisis. Methodology: The following methods are used in this chapter: statistical and descriptive analysis, critical analysis of the literature and available sources, comparative studies as well as case studies. Findings: The main challenges identified by the author include: an increase in debt both globally and in individual countries, further expansion of systemically important financial institutions, excessive and complicated banking regulations, as well as the spread of moral hazard.

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The Power BRICS Geopolitical Game

The Power BRICS Geopolitical Game

Author(s): Karim Naama / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The world changes rapidly due to discoveries and innovations in the field of technology. The interests of the BRICS countries and their common goals intersect to move towards new global economy and to lay the foundations of a multipolar international system. In order to accomplish such a goal, the BRICS group faces the challenge of conducting organizational activities. The significance of the ‘five’ countries in the world economy increases with their joint efforts as a geopolitical group. The economic success of the five states ensures their active role in the UN, IMF, WB, WTO. The present study aims at demonstrating how the historical geopolitical change takes place highlighting its real and objective reasons related both to the development of the world economy and the alteration in the structure and fundamentals of international relations in the 21st century with the emergence of new political economic organizations and alliances.

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Analysis of Production Structure of the Gross Added Value of the CEE and Eurozone Countries

Analysis of Production Structure of the Gross Added Value of the CEE and Eurozone Countries

Author(s): Silvia Gospodinova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the report, the analysis was carried out through a set of indicators that characterize the economic condition and convergence of the CEE countries with the Eurozone. The study covers the period from 2000 to 2022, using official statistical data from Eurostat. The indicators used in the study have been selected on the basis of their importance for the socio-economic development of each country and the EU, and to ensure that the information on this indicators is as complete as possible, i.e. that there are no gaps in some national statistical series.

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Impact of Sustainable Production on the Development of International Business

Impact of Sustainable Production on the Development of International Business

Author(s): Alaa Ahmed / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This research aims to identify the impact of sustainable production on the development of international business. The research focuses on the global shift towards sustainability and its impact on business in various directions. Analyze the importance of sustainable production in achieving successful and sustainable international business development by building a structural model using the structural modeling method and testing the validity and quality of the models. The impact of sustainable production includes environmental, economic, and social factors, and the development of international business is adopted by attracting customers and investors, product quality and building the reputation of the brand, The research reached a set of conclusions and recommendations and the research hopes that the results and recommendations will contribute to enhancing awareness of the importance of sustainability and encouraging more companies to adopt sustainable production practices in the context of international business.

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User Journey Planning for Sales in the European Union by Local Companies

User Journey Planning for Sales in the European Union by Local Companies

Author(s): Georgi Malchev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The user journey is a pivotal concept in marketing that evolves and adapts amidst technological, economic, and behavioral shifts. This paper aims to present practical models for user journey planning, exploring their influence and subsequent utilization by companies exporting their products. Specifically, it delves into Bulgarian companies and their strategies to plan and implement exports to EU member states. Interviews have been conducted with marketing managers exporting from Bulgaria to the EU. The framework identified in the analysis is employed, detailing the various approaches companies opt for. The paper concludes by outlining areas for further analysis regarding companies’ decisions related to elements of the user journey in international sales.

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Иновационната политика на българските пристанищни оператори: фактор за повишаване на конкурентоспособността им

Иновационната политика на българските пристанищни оператори: фактор за повишаване на конкурентоспособността им

Author(s): Petya Koralova Nozharova,Shteryo Nozharov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The digital and green transformation, which is developing on global level at different speeds in the first half of 21st century, puts pressure on the Bulgarian port operators to change their innovation policies. This process is also influencing the competitiveness of ports in the context of the Bulgarian economy, which is still catching up with the average EU levels of GDP per capita, which are not members of the Eurozone. The purpose of the present study is to discuss the issue if the digital and green transformation, which is developing both on European and global level, is an accelerator or a limiter of the competitiveness of ports in countries with transition economies.

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Ewolucja rynku cyfrowego Unii Europejskiej: wybrane aspekty pojęciowe i prawodawcze

Ewolucja rynku cyfrowego Unii Europejskiej: wybrane aspekty pojęciowe i prawodawcze

Author(s): Łukasz Wróblewski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the chapter is to present the evolution of the European Union’s digital market. Its potential and the most important problems will also be presented. The chapter is based on the analysis of the literature and the EU legal acts. The EU digital market is based on the concept of the common market and it consists in eliminating trade barriers between Member States to e-commerce. Thus, it boosts the EU’s economy and it generates substantial economic benefits for business and consumers. However, the full potential of the digital market still remains unexplored. Given that fact, the digitalmarket should be treated by the EU and its member states as a crucial priority for the next years.

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Zróżnicowanie rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego w Polsce w świetle europejskiej polityki spójności i celów zrównoważonego rozwoju

Zróżnicowanie rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego w Polsce w świetle europejskiej polityki spójności i celów zrównoważonego rozwoju

Author(s): Maciej Pietrzykowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the article, the impact of the EU Cohesion Policy on the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 10 (SDG), focusing on reducing inequalities in Poland, is examined. The aim isto assess whether the Cohesion Policy effectively contributes to reducing income inequalities and the labour market, thereby leading to economic convergence within the EU, at the national and regional levels, with particular emphasis on Poland’s position and its socio-economic development diversification. The study focuses on the analysis of economic indicators, including purchasing power-adjusted GDP per capita and employment rates for the years 2010–2022, in the context of the objectives ofthe Cohesion Policy and the 2030 Agenda. The study’s findings confirm that in terms of reducing income disparities and improving employment, the cohesion policy could have been effective due to the convergence of the analysed indicators. In particular, the situation in Poland during the analysed period was satisfactory, as the country improved its results in terms of both analysed SDG10 indicators, nationally and regionally. Also, the overall SDG index for Poland and its overall ranking position is highly satisfactory, and the Gini coefficient, which illustrates income disparities, is at a good level in relation to other countries.

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Reforma systemu celnego Unii Europejskiej

Reforma systemu celnego Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Grzegorz Mazur / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In May 2023 the European Commission presented the legislative package of the reforms of the EU customs code. The Commission’s proposal, responding to current challenges in the global trading system, has been the most ambitious reform in the EU customs union’s history since its beginning. The general purpose of the chapter is to identify the main changes to the EU’s customs code resulting from the reforming package. The analysis is based on the texts of legislative proposals prepared by the European Commission that yet must be adopted within the EU’s legislative process. The conducted analysis reveals that the reforming package includes new instruments and solutions that would transform the Union Customs Code to a more digital, integrated and efficient system. The presented proposals include among others the creation of the EU Customs Data Hub and the EU Customs Authority that will create the institutional and operational framework of the renewed EU’s customs system. The proposed legislation provides also for new regulations referring to e-commerce, including the new status of ‘deemed importer’ and modified treatment of goods ordered online from outside the European Union. The UCC reform is also part of a strategic shift within the EU’s Common Commercial Policy towards a more open, sustainable, and assertive trade policy.

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The Impact of EU Shadow Liabilities on Member States; Inflation and Currency Effects

The Impact of EU Shadow Liabilities on Member States; Inflation and Currency Effects

Author(s): Gordon Kerr / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Based substantially on the analysis of Bob Lyddon, with whom the author has worked on several papers and reports about EU financial stability, this paper summarises the scale and scope of unrecorded and unreported liabilities that are hidden not so much by weak accounting rules but more by the careful and deliberate design. Some institutions are backed only by Eurozone member states, some by all EU member states. The effect of this practice of creating and hiding liabilities is estimated at almost doubling the combined General Government Gross Debt of the EU member states. This matters; bad for embedded but as yet relatively low inflation, and bad for the stability of the euro as a currency.

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The Convinience of Inflation in The Neoliberal Doctrine

The Convinience of Inflation in The Neoliberal Doctrine

Author(s): Krasimira Decheva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The overall inflation and its trajectory over the interruption of supply chain management , caused by the unforeseen peril introduced by the COVID-29 pandemic in the global economy, encouraged all sorts of novel disruptions to maintain market equilibrium. The elites in the world successfully used the pandemic consequences to gain more power. The inflation is one of the powerful tool that serve them. This paper uses process mining analysis to identify the importance of inflation in the neoliberal doctrine. The research papers have been compiled from Web of Science and Research Gate. Cross-reference networks have been extracted from the source papers, enabling visualization to uncover the disciplinary contributions which have supported the relation between inflation and neoliberal doctrine.

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Russia’s Role in the Provision of Sustainable Energy Security in South Eastern Europe

Russia’s Role in the Provision of Sustainable Energy Security in South Eastern Europe

Author(s): Igor Tomberg,Pavel K. Baev,András Deák,Konstantin Michajlovič Simonov,Milan Simurdić,Zorana Z. Mihajlović Milanović,Anatoly Pomorcev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

2009 – the crisis year – brought about crucial changes in the established and seemingly successful picture of the oil market. The New Year “gas war” between Russia and Ukraine consolidated bad tradition, demonstrating the vulnerability of the present structure of the oil and gas market once again. There were no winners, everyone suffered: the supplier, the transporter and the consumers. Conclusions and assessments of the conflict, and its consequences, are, generally, diametrically opposed. This was reflected in the subsequent actions and statements of the players in the market. It seems generally considered that on the ‘gas front’ Russia is leading a war “against all”. This confrontation is not new; but if earlier it could be considered as “debatable”, now resentment towards the actions and positions of Moscow are reaching a kind of hysteria. Such a political context, alongside some recent events, certainly has an influence on the future of the energy security in Europe, especially considering dramatic changes in the oil and gas markets.

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Defining the Green Agenda: International and European Insights into Green Industrial Policies

Defining the Green Agenda: International and European Insights into Green Industrial Policies

Author(s): Elena Spasova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article explores the green political agenda's evolution, particularly its rise as a driving force behind green industrial policies since the 2000s. These policies have become instrumental for governments aiming to bolster their national businesses' competitive edge and international trade roles. The paper is structured in three main sections. The first section traces the evolution of the Green agenda from the 1970s to the present, highlighting its transformation in policy makers' eyes to an economic and strategic tool in the 2000s. It explores how green industrial policies emerged, influencing international trade dynamics and national economic strategies. The second section delves into the specific aims and instruments of these policies over the past decades. The third section provides an examination of green industrial policy measures enacted by the US, the EU, and China in recent years. The conclusion highlights challenges for European decision-makers in crafting effective green industrial measures and suggests areas for future discussion.

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Cooperative Banks, What Ecological Legitimacy?

Cooperative Banks, What Ecological Legitimacy?

Author(s): Maya Jandah / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Since the adoption of the Paris Agreement in 2015, European banks have invested 1.331 billion US $ in fossil fuels (Banking on Climate Chaos, 2023). The level of profit serves as a key incentive for banks to continue their involvement with fossil fuels. However, some banks have stopped these practices and committed to no longer supporting the expansion of this sector. This article aims to explore the role of banks, particularly cooperative banks, in combating climate change. Our objective is to examine to what extent cooperative banks are better positioned to tackle the challenges posed by climate change. The legitimacy of these banks is demonstrated through their capacity to adapt in a constantly evolving environment, and their foundational characteristics actively contribute to climate action.

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Global Sancflation as a Reflection of the Impact of Sanctions Against Russia to Inflation: Some (Im)possible Comparisons

Global Sancflation as a Reflection of the Impact of Sanctions Against Russia to Inflation: Some (Im)possible Comparisons

Author(s): Elena Simeonova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper reflects some thoughts on the nexus between the sanctions against Russia and the global inflation rates since February 2022. The paper sets the following objectives: 1) to bring out and define the term sancflation, and 2) to search for other cases of similar global impact of the sanctions-inflation nexus. The thesis statement is that sanctions on Russia are unique and have global economic effects (including inflation) far greater than anything seen before. The global impact evaluation of Russia’s case should prompt a reconsideration of sanctions as a policy instrument.

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ИНТЕГРИРАНАТА МОРСКА ПОЛИТИКА НА ЕВРОПЕЙСКИЯ СЪЮЗ КАТО МОДЕЛ ЗА ПЛАНИРАНЕ В РЕПУБЛИКА БЪЛГАРИЯ

ИНТЕГРИРАНАТА МОРСКА ПОЛИТИКА НА ЕВРОПЕЙСКИЯ СЪЮЗ КАТО МОДЕЛ ЗА ПЛАНИРАНЕ В РЕПУБЛИКА БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Vanya Hristova Stamatova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

European Union’s Integrated Maritime Policy is an attempt to coordinate complex and interdependent policies related to maritime affairs, and to tackle the issues concerning the allocation of ecological economic resources in a holistic, integrated manner. Since it is better in organisational terms to deal with local information locally, this new approach aims at reducing organisational centralisation, devolution in decision- making from hierarchies into networks of EU member states in accordance with the fundamental EU principle of subsidiarity, with the coordinating role of the EU Commission. The new policy approach also aims at increasing horizontal and vertical coordination of maritime policies at the EU level.

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Politics and Energy in Modern Energy Communities

Politics and Energy in Modern Energy Communities

Author(s): Nina Dyulgerova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The long-term vision on energy transformation is a game-changer redefining not only the architecture of the power transmission and distribution, but also the understanding of the sector in general. The strategic view for achieving carbon neutrality until 2050 is a significant challenge not only for global the economy, but also for the social understanding of these processes. The political and commercial plan of the energy transformation are dynamic processes, reflecting the preparedness of the people to accept the new model of decentralization and democratization of the power sector.

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