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"16+1" Format - Role in Geopolitical Strategy of PRC

Author(s): Nako R. Stefanov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

In the latest years the “16+1” Format is becoming more and more important for the Central and Eastern Europe countries. Although at the very beginning the format “16+1” has not been considered an important initiative from geopolitical and even from economic point of view at the background of “One Belt One Road” (OBOR) Geostrategic Strategy it began to acquire the features of geo-strategic scheme. The current progress within the “16+1” Format has exposed the challenges China is facing in its attempt to shape a concrete framework for cooperation on OBOR. Brussels is concerned about China cooperation with the CEE countries. This suspicion hinders cooperation between China and the CEE countries. Such cold war mentality needs proactively respond.

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"Employee of the Month" in Romania: a Study on Perceptions

Author(s): Sabina Irimie,Bianca Armean / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2012

An important and complex problem of labor economics in general and of human resource management in particular, is to effectively motivate employees. At the current juncture, under the spectrum of economic crisis, the controversies of theoretical and practical interest such as the importance of the money, the relationship between motivation, satisfaction and performance at work, are more pronounced and more focused on non-financial forms of motivation. At least in part, this is because the usual ways of saving costs in today's organizations seem to aim primarily the expenses on staff (wages, rewards, training funds and so on). In this context, the paper aims to highlight the perceptions of employees on the program "Employee of the Month", as it was implemented in a Romanian organization (in a hybrid approach, combining monetary rewards and recognition awards specific to most common forms of program). Thus, the main results of our study reflect the opinions of people involved in this program, and allow us to sketch some possible changes based on the feedback from employees, in order to further improve the effectiveness of the program.

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"L’économie du bon plaisir". Wpływ myśli etatystycznej na organizację życia administracyjno-ekonomicznego Śląska doby habsburskiej (1526-1740)

Author(s): Jarosław Kuczer / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2017

In many human sciences, especially political science and economics (and cultural research) there exist many analyses of the impact of statism (etatism) on the functioning of societies. The aim of this article is to show and highlight contemporary phenomena of this doctrine, through inquiry into their origins and character, treated – especially by Austrian and British researchers – as unchangeable. Why Silesia? Why 1526-1740? Several constants existed there. Firstly, it was a province of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, treated in the studies of the history of the rights as state par excellence. Secondly, in the abovementioned period, it was the farthest from, among others, Europe's easternmost economic structure which underwent statist policies modeled on French achievements. Thirdly, Silesia was the last in Europe, and so it was seen as "the most perfect", in practice it was a well worked out and well distorted, form. The article analyzes the issues of the organization and development of central public administration structures and their impact on economic statism, according to the scheme:1. Ideological basis of statism in Silesia,2. Implementation through the creation of central offices,3. The taking of the highest economic offices by the Emperor’s adherents,4. Giving the greatest land fortunes to people involved in the politics of Vienna Court,5. News from the fiscal policy agenda,6. Economic basis of the creation a new social order/hierarchy.Such a system is related to the value of chronological changes.When conducting an explanation, it proved to be the best to use synchronic, genetic, philological, evolutionary and sociological methods and elements of comparative, progressive and retrogressive and argumentum ex silentio methods as well.

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"Municipal settlements of Ukraine" database and its possible application spheres

Author(s): Glibchuk Petro Volodymyrovych / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2016

With the development of geoinformation technologies and geoinformation mapping the sphere of activity of professional geographers and cartographers has been enriched by a wide application of databases (DB). They enable geographical information to be put in order in a user-friendly system. The article considers the methodological aspects of the organizations and creation of such a system - the "Municipal settlements of Ukraine" databases. The basic stages and databases forming the principles which the author designated during the creation of this specific database are highlighted. The DB structure is revealed - the list of the data included in every table is given. The ways of DB applications are determined; they consist in using DB for the creation of various cartographic studies and reference books about the municipal settlements in Ukraine. The prospects of DB development and perfection are considered.

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"Push" and "Pull" Systems in Supply Chain Management. Correlative Approaches in the Military Field

Author(s): Gheorghe Minculete,Polixenia Olar / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The increase in economic, social and security risks is currently determined by the resource crisis on the one hand, as well as by the economic competition and global military challenges on the other hand, which amplifies instability and jeopardizes the viability of inter-state relations at global level. In these circumstances, the complexity of the economic and military environments determines company managers and military leaders to act by way of “push” and “pull” systems in order to make their own logistic activities more effective, in view of attaining their projected strategic objectives. In the current article we try to briefly address the “push” and “pull”systems within the Supply Chain Management, setting off from the concrete demands of consumers/users in the economic and military fields.

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"Riževi standard proti mesnemu standardu" (Elementi stereotipa o japonskem gospodarstvu pri Slovencih pred drugo svetovno vojno)

Author(s): Žarko Lazarević / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2000

The stereotype image of the Japanese economy created by the Slovenian press before the Second World War was not based on its own experience, but was assumed from the western European press. This is understandable, given the very small trade exchange between the two countries at the time. This stereotype included elements, such as social and foreign-exchange dumping, a patriarchal system, a better organised and more efficient economy, and unfair competition.

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"Second curve" concept as a key driver of economic development in the emerging markets

Author(s): Anđelko Lojpur,Ivan Radević,Nikola Martinović / Language(s): English Issue: Spec/2021

The paper begins with the understanding that the three-decade-long transition period from a socialist economy to the market one, as an integral part of comprehensive changes in Eastern Europe, both political and ideological ones, remains to be a quite problematic and ongoing process. When it comes to less-developed or transition countries, with a special focus on the Western Balkans, a popular opinion is that the impact of deindustrialization on countries in transition was as painful and radical as the "coming" of socialism. Therefore, when addressing the need for a new formula for development, it is a matter of great concern that today's multipolar world lacks well-established development paradigms, particularly taking into account an obvious stagnation in reforms, i.e. the so-called reform failure. In the authors' opinion, it is possible to end the crisis in underdeveloped and transition countries only by introducing a "new" order, i.e. by finding a "new" economic development paradigm. In the light of the above, this paper indicates the need to replace the current transitional models of economic transformation with a turn-around strategy that would be based on reindustrialization, i.e. newly created industrial policies. Finally, this would imply the implementation of the “second curve“(the “S-curve”) concept in the change management processes.

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"Stumbling and Dusting Off," or an Attempt to Pick a Path Through the Thicket of Bulgaria's New Economic Mechanism

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"Stumbling and Dusting Off," or an Attempt to Pick a Path Through the Thicket of Bulgaria's New Economic Mechanism

Author(s): Richard J. Crampton / Language(s): English Issue: 02/1988

The most persistent theme in Bulgarian public life during the 1980s has been the attempt to remodel and improve the national economy in accordance with the New Economic Mechanism, the NEM, which itself has been inseparable from "the scientific-technological revolution. " Economic innovation and experimentation are not new to Bulgaria. Previous attempts, however, have generally failed to live up to expectations, often degenerating into confusing and sometimes contradictory administrative changes before being abandoned in favor of a return to the comforts and certainties of a centralized, Soviet-style, command economy. [...]

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"Лошите кредити": институционални и финансови аспекти, 1994

Author(s): Christina Vutcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian

Since the beginning of 1991 Bulgaria has been living through a period of transition from centralized totalitarian control to free market economy. Year 1990 can be said to mark the political liberation of the people with the adoption of the new Constitution. The economic liberalization, however, is a reality yet to be brought to life since private ownership is not prevalent in the economy. The prime aim of the transition is to substitute an absurd and inefficient economic system for a new one to rely on the free initiative, private ownership and competition.

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#mission2030: Austria’s Strategy for a Low-Carbon Transformation

Author(s): Łukasz Ogrodnik,Marek Wąsiński / Language(s): English

The Austrian government is implementing its energy and climate strategy to 2030, the aim of which is to stimulate the economy and achieve energy independence through the use of clean technologies. The strategy signals potential points of contention with Poland, including in nuclear and coal energy. At the same time, it indicates potential fields of cooperation regarding low-emission transport.

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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PASSENGERS' PERCEPTION OF URBAN TRANSPORT: BUCHAREST VS WARSAW

Author(s): Oana Matilda Sabie,Ştefan Gabriel Burcea,Ștefan Cătălin CÎRSTEA / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

This study is a comparative analysis on urban transport passengers’ perception regarding specific features that influence end-users’ quality perceptions, such as accessibility, comfort, journey time, fare and technology. The research is based on 490 survey’s respondents from Bucharest, Romania, and 80 suve’s respondents from Warsaw, Poland. The main purpose is to identify the best ways to improve the urban public transport service. To this end, a comparative assessment of the perception of the citizens of Bucharest and Warsaw regarding the urban surface transport service was made and the strengths of Warsaw's urban transport were identified. For urban transport in Bucharest, the results of the survey indicate a majority negative perception of the quality of services provided by local transport company. In the case of Warsaw, respondents have a diametrically opposed general opinion on urban transport. The majority positive perception is justified by the high accessibility of the transport network, journey times, waiting times and especially the clear trend towards digitalisation of urban transport service.

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A Comparative Analysis of Polish and Czech International New Ventures

Author(s): Lidia Danik,Izabela Kowalik,Petr Král / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The goal of this paper is to compare the characteristics of Polish and Czech companies which follow the Born Global internationalization model. More concretely, the analysis aims to discover the differences or similarities in terms of the internationalization paths of Polish and Czech SMEs in the characteristics of their managers in terms of the so-called "international vision" and in their innovativeness level. The introductory part of article provides a description of this internationalization model and the International New Ventures traits (INV) and summarizes the recent studies on this topic conducted in Poland and Czech Republic. In the empirical part, the International New Ventures from the two countries are compared. The Polish sample includes 105 companies which were surveyed with use of computer assisted telephone interviews in autumn 2014. For the Czech Republic, the sample consists of 54 small and medium-sized companies, which were surveyed using the computer assisted web interviews from November 2013 till January 2014. The surveyed companies in both countries fulfilled the definition of Born Globals. Descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation analysis and non-parametric tests are applied to accomplish the goals of the paper.

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A Creative Thinking Approach to the Role of Procurement as a Competitive Advantage in the Context of the Circular Economy Transition

Author(s): Ovidiu-Iulian Bunea,Răzvan-Andrei Corboş / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

The purpose of this research was to apply creative thinking to understand the role of procurement as a competitive advantage in the context of the circular economy. We expected to discover a number of broad competitive advantage elements arising from procurement actions in the context of the circular economy transition. Businesses should adjust their strategic emphasis and begin to introduce environmentally friendly goods into their product lines, according to the conclusions of our creative thinking approach employing the six thinking hats. Furthermore, when we transition to circular economy concepts, quality control procedures and manufacturing standards should be prioritized. Companies should collaborate with strategic suppliers to acquire old items from other industries that would otherwise be considered waste, as long as they can provide the necessary value.

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A DESCRIPTIVE REVIEW OF STRUCTURAL AND QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS IN GREEK INDUSTRY

Author(s): Konstantinos Goulas / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

According to the majority of the Greek economic researchers, the big recession in Greece as well as other Southern European countries came as a result of the former choice of policies. Following this opinion, governing strategies adopted within the last decades and the historical context led to the deindustrialization of the Greek economy. As a consequence, an unsustainable social development in the future was created. Moreover, factors such as the quantity and the size of businesses, the technology used, and investments are described in correlation to the country’s current inferior state. Furthermore, the basic argument that comes from the findings of this review is that new policies and institutional strategies need to be adopted in the Greek industrial sector. Undoubtedly, the demand for the change of these policies in accordance with new planning on productivity will enhance the developing role of the Greek industrial sector.

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A forecasting model for assessing the influence of the components of technological growth on economic security

Author(s): Olha Ilyash,Ruslan Lupak,Maryna Kravchenko,Olena Trofymenko,Natalia Duliaba,Iryna Dzhadan / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The system of indicators for assessing the impact of the components of technological growth on economic security is generalised. This task is carried out by selecting a system of indicators (40 indicators), which, on the one hand, are consistent with one another and with key indicators used in analysing the state of economic security, and which are identified by the components of technological development, on the other hand. The standardisation of the values of initial data i.e. indicators, the determination of the degree of their deviations from the reference parameters and further integral assessment helped to find a generalised indicator of the state of development and the influence of technological growth on the parameters of the system of economic security. The purpose of the study is to test tools for forecasting modelling of the results of assessing the impact of technological growth on economic security. In accordance with the purpose, the level of relationships between the indicators of technological growth and the level of economic security is assessed. High, average and low levels of their relationship is revealed. The obtained results made it possible to forecast the rates of technological growth, perform exponential smoothing of the forecast estimates of the impact of the components of technological growth on economic security and employ damping measurement of the forecast level of the dependence of technological growth and economic security. Taking into account trends in technological growth, the system of indicators of the forecasting model for assessing economic security is expanded. The accuracy of the forecast is determined by the limits of the analysed period of the dynamics of the indicators – from 2013 to 2019, considering the impact of changes in the methodology for calculating individual input data according to statistical sources for the period under study. The use of forecasting models to assess the impact of technological development on Ukraine’s economic security will help identify political, economic, social and technological factors that will stimulate investment, strengthen economic openness, increase the volume and share of domestic high-tech exports, and thus, strengthen economic security.

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A MODEL APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING MONETARY AGGREGATES GROWTH IN SIERRA LEONE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR POLICY FORMULATION

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A MODEL APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING MONETARY AGGREGATES GROWTH IN SIERRA LEONE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR POLICY FORMULATION

Author(s): Emerson Abraham Jackson,Patricia Sarah Vandy / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2022

This study has adopted a model approach to developing an understanding of monetary aggregates (MA) growth in Sierra Leone, which certainly has implications for effective policy formulation by the central bank authority. In pursuance of this, we utilized the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARIMA) model with data spanning 2002M1 to 2021M12 to investigate the out-of-sample projection performance of the disaggregated components that makes up the MA for Sierra Leone – typically in this case Reserve Money (RMA), Currency-in-Circulation (CiC) and Reserve Money (RM). In our evidence from the empirical projection (covering the period 2022M1-2022M12), we observed that RM is projected to grow more than CiC over the observed period. Given RM being the operational target of the Bank of Sierra Leone, we believe that such an outcome is a promising indication particularly in ensuring the bank addresses its core mandates of monitoring price and financial stability. The increased scope of RM in the BSL system is a laudable outcome when it comes to meeting reserve requirements and also managing risks about price and financial stability. The study recommends that the BSL adopt innovation strategies concerned with FinTech and the emergence of the National Switch to effectively manage the MA portfolio in the entire banking system, which will also support the overall growth ambition of the central government.

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A new institutional approach to the study of the Soviet-type economy

Author(s): Tamara Todorova,Aleksandar Vasilev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The paper analyses the transaction cost of economizing and efficiency-enhancing effects of the Soviet-type economy. The last 30 years of transition have seen the failure of market reforms in many industries in what are traditionally non-market economies. We argue that centralized, command-and-control systems are wealth maximizing in the conditions of persistent transactional and behavioural failures. With its centralism, strict hierarchy, and monopoly over information, the Soviet-type economy was able to produce significant output. We emphasize the role of centralism in coordinating economic activities, curbing opportunism, and facilitating information flow. In highly opportunistic societies where the transaction costs of market operation are significant, centralized systems are more efficient than decentralized, democratic systems based on free-market rules.

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A PERSPECTIVE ON SINO-AFRICA RELATION

Author(s): Isatou Bakari JOBE / Language(s): English Issue: 55/2022

This paper is an attempt at explaining the nature and scope China’s Diplomatic and Economic relations with the African states and the so-called win-win cooperation. It also tries to shed light on some of Chinese engagements and business practices in African countries which are often seeing as shady. The paper also gives general overview of African perspectives on the Sino-African ties and discussions on positive and negative sides of the Chinese involvement in Africa.

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A Review of Private Sector Investment and Related Policies: The Case of Malawi

Author(s): Glenda Maluleke,Nicholas M. Odhiambo,Sheilla Nyasha / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The paper reviews the policies that influenced the level of private investment in Malawi from 1980 to 2019. Private investment as a percentage of GDP has been fluctuating since 1980, reaching a record high of 17.3 percent in 2009. Although the country experienced the highest growth in the 1990s, when its GDP growth rate reached 16.7 percent in 1995, it also experienced negative growth in some years. The Malawian government is recommended to continue in its efforts to create an enabling environment for the private sector in order to achieve sustainable economic growth.

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A Review of the Monograph by T. Pimonenko, O. Lyulyov, N. Letunovska "Circular and Carbon-Free Economy: The Roadmap for Harmonizing National and European Standards for Energy Market"

Author(s): Jelena Titko / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

Circular and carbon-neutral economic development are the topical areas of implementing the climate strategy in many countries. According to these concepts, the main basis for economic development is the growth of the renewable energy share in the structure of energy consumption. The fact that Ukraine has announced that in the future its evolution will be determined by the European integration vector of development means that a prerequisite for the transition to the next steps of development is the synchronization of the national energy policy in accordance with the strategic guidelines of the European region. To develop an effective roadmap for harmonising Ukrainian and European standards of energy market regulation, it is advisable to analyse the experience of implementing energy efficiency practices in the policies of other countries in the European region. The authors forecast the structure of energy production from renewable sources, based on empirical calculations. The development and implementation of modernized mechanisms for regulating the energy market in European countries is a prerequisite for the successful adaptation of the Ukrainian energy sector and the introduction of effective approaches to the management of local businesses and all industries that depend on energy resources.

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