Laž i obmana Else Morante kao freska sicilijanskog društva između stvarnosti i bajke

Author(s): Mirza Mejdanija / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 17/2019

The novel House of Liars by the Italian author Elsa Morante was published in 1948. Many literary critics were puzzled by this novel as it was, to a great extent, in contrast with the neorealist prose at the time. In her novel, Morante shows reality through lies and deception of the main characters, and the theme of their religiosity and escape from reality, which is the goal of our research. The novel sparked great curiosity among contemporary critics and delighted them. The work is complex and its characters unnatural and deformed by twisted ideas that are presented to them by the society that they accept no matter what cost. The characters are susceptible to a fake lifestyle bereft of love, justice, truth or spontaneity. They are constantly resorting to lies in order to overcome the inevitable disappointment that life brings and to feed their meaningless ambitions that lead them to self-destruction. The story of the novel is placed on a sentimental and historical canvas of nineteenth century Sicily and is primarily oriented towards the deforming aspects of the Sicilian mindset. The characters lack capacity to suffer their position in this world. For that reason, they have an instinctive desire to resort to myths and prejudice. The plot of the novel flows through blocks of narrative. The author constantly moves forwards and backwards in time, once again to the characters and events previously abandoned. She avoids simultaneity to the maximum and enjoys taking her own characters through time. The characters do not possess an essential feeling of religiousness. On the contrary, this feeling is manifested through idolatry and superstitious beliefs. Christianity is always depicted as idolatry and is devoid of its own essence, which is why the pagan myth is placed at the same paradigm. Both become material for sacred and theatrical rituals, such as fairy tales and legends this world is permeated with. Reality and appearance interchange incessantly, and one understands that the theatre for Morante is not only a magical place where miracles turn into reality, but something greater, a magnificent metaphor and almost an allegory of the world. The tragic play of lies, spells and the unreal finally ends after the death of the protagonist's parents. Ghosts and spirits settle, but only to reappear in Elisa's mind.

Vardų perteikimas verčiant Carlo Collodi’io Le Avventure di Pinocchio

Author(s): Brigita Lukančenko,Rasa Klioštoraitytė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 13/2020

Translating character names in fiction can be difficult, as names can perform different functions: not only naming, but also highlighting characteristic features. Translators of fiction have to make certain decisions how to render names in the Target Text and retain the functions and meanings they serve in the Source Text. The aim of this article is to analyse the translation of character names in C. Collodi’s Le avventure di Pinocchio into Lithuanian, Polish and Russian and to compare the translation startegies chosen by the translators. The results of this analysis show that the most common rendering method in the Lithuanian, Polish and Russian versions was direct translation. Also, it can be concluded that character names were rendered most accurately in their translation into Lithuanian, the second in terms of accuracy of rendering character names is the translation into Russian, and the third – into Polish.

HORCYNUS ORCA: IL NUTRIMENTO DEL VIAGGIO, LA SEDUZIONE DELLA MORTE, L’INVENZIONE DEL LINGUAGGIO PER ESPRIMERE IL SENSO PIÙ VERO DELLE COSE

Author(s): Gabriele Ottaviani / Language(s): Italian Issue: 4/2017

In the Bible, both in the Old and in the New Testament, manna is repeatedly named, which is that unexpected gift of God, a Lord who loves life and protects it, to the people, showing his fidelity to his living word. The term manna in Hebrew is not a simple name, but a wonderfully wondered question: "What is this?" God, in fact, had brought food down to the time unknown, similar to the coriander seed, but of white color and honey flavored taste. But in the Horcynus Orca’s world manna cannot be just a gift, because every element is also its opposite; D'Arrigo speaks to those who read it with a new language of everlasting themes: for the life nothing is free, and its mystery cannot be unraveled unless you come to a compromise.

Massimo Bontempelli giornalista e ammiratore dei Quattrocentisti: per un rinnovamento letterario della Terza epoca

Author(s): Dana Božič / Language(s): Italian Issue: 9/2021

The article presents selected newspaper articles and a preface written by Massimo Bontempelli which have been relatively unexplored and unacknowledged by the literary criticism. The comparative analysis of the preface from 1913 and selected articles from his early period and the early 1920s, shows that numerous core ideas pertaining to his cultural and literary project ‘novecentismo’, which was officially launched as a theoretical proposal between 1926-1927, were already present in his early editorial collaborations as well as the articles: the role of linguistic transparency, the importance of imagination, Bontempelli’s anti-canonical attitude and the role he assigns to the reader, to name a few.

ТВОРЧІСТЬ А. ДАНТЕ В СУЧАСНІЙ МАСОВІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ

Author(s): Vadim Alexandrovich Lebedev / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2022

The purpose of this article is to analyze the use of Creativity by Dante Alighieri in modern popular culture. Dante Alighieri’s “Divine Comedy” is actively exploited by modern mass culture. The reasons for the appeal of mass culture to this work are its saturation with vivid images, entertainment, saturation with archetypal images, which makes it possible for a wide audience to experience them. In the works of mass culture of a higher level, the appeal to “The Divine Comedy” attracts by the fact that it makes it possible to show the movement of the protagonist or civilization from suffering to happiness, from savagery and barbarism to harmony. Also from the works of Dante, the theme of hell and demonism is most actively borrowed. The idea of grotesque realism and (partly) feastful images make it possible to adequately interpret many works of modern mass culture. In the same way, it can be assumed that works devoted to the themes of hell, demonism and the otherworldly allows the consumer to go through a symbolic rebirth. Immersed in the world of fictional passions, frightened by eerie and grotesque images, the average resident of a globalized metropolis can return with renewed vigor to his ordinary life and daily duties.

LE PRINCIPALI CARATTERISTICHE DELLʼITALIANO NEO-STANDARD IN DUE ROMANZI ITALIANI CONTEMPORANEI (ASPETTO MORFOLOGICO)

Author(s): Marija N. Vujović,Luigi E. Beneduci / Language(s): Italian Issue: 24/2021

Se l’italiano standard è la varietà linguistica codifcata nei libri di grammatica, per neo-standard si intendono le abitudini comunicative, parlate e scritte, di una fascia di parlanti acculturati, in una varietà linguistica più informale. Utilizzando le tassonomie di Sabatini e Berruto, gli autori dello studio hanno rintracciato la presenza del neo-standard in un corpus formato da due romanzi italiani contemporanei, Io e te di Niccolò Ammaniti ed Esco a fare due passi di Fabio Volo. Considerando l’alto numero di occorrenze, ci si è limitati all’aspetto morfologico del sistema pronominale e verbale, con valore esemplifcativo. Le opere analizzate sono diversamente signifcative di due autori agli antipodi: il romanzo di un acclamato scrittore e il romanzo di esordio di un DJ e conduttore televisivo. Il risultato dello studio è che, a parte poche differenze, i tratti neo-standard caratterizzano entrambe le operazioni di scrittura, con l’intento di raggiungere l’immediatezza comunicativa della lingua parlata. Se ne conclude che i narratori hanno colto, rappresentato e riprodotto l’urgenza e la penetrazione delle nuove forme della lingua italiana, che potrebbero diventare un nuovo futuro standard normativo.

СТВАРАЊЕ НОВИХ ДРУШТВЕНИХ ВРИЈЕДНОСТИ У НОВЕЛИ О ГРИЗЕЛДИ ЂОВАНИЈА БОКАЧА

Author(s): Sanja N. Kobilj Ćuić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 24/2021

This paper presents the analysis of Griselda, the main female character of the last novella of Decameron. Tis novella has had different classical and feminist interpretations due to its central position and the violence caused to Griselda by her husband, marquis Saluzzo. The main methodological tool used in this article is the one applied by Marilyn Migiel in her works The Ethical dimension of the Decameron and A Rhetoric of the Decameron, the rhetorical reading. The same tool, through the close analysis of the speech acts of Griselda shows us her powerless social position and the lack of self-awareness, but also the carelessness showed by mainly male critics in the process of analysing this novella.

« Nous sommes toutes inadéquates. » Métabiographie d’une enseignante précaire dans Storia di Roberta d’Aldo Nove

Author(s): Ilaria Moretti / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2021

The purpose of our article is to explore the theme of female precariousness described in a story by Aldo Nove entitled ”Storia di Roberta”. Our idea is to analyze the protagonist’s experience through the perspective of her profession: Roberta is a teacher and an intellectual with a passion for politics and civil causes. Our interest is to understand how the perspective of meta-biography – where the story of the other becomes the privileged stratagem to express the point of view of the author – allows the emergence of a series of social problems indispensable for the understanding of the reality of women at work in contemporary societies. In particular, we focus on the overlapping – from which the notion of professional intersectionality derives – of gender, work, and desire. If Roberta’s experience insists on the precarious condition of women in today’s society, at the same time this story raises the question of gender to illustrate how job instability becomes the source of a series of problems that are corollaries of economic fragility.

ЖИВОТИЊЕ КРОЗ ПРИЗМУ КУЛТУРЕ: О ЉУДСКОЈ НАРАВИ И ЉУДСКИМ ЕМОЦИЈАМА

Author(s): Lidija D. Delić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2021

(Antonija Zaradija Kiš, Marinka Šimić. The Flower of Virtue or Human nature through animal nature. Study - transliteration - facsimile. Zagreb: Croatian University Press, Institute of Ethnology and of Folklore Research, Old Church Slavonic Institute, 2020)

The Greek-Roman world of mythological names in the Purgatorio from Alighieri’s Commedia

Author(s): Alexander Kalashnikov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The article examines the onymic space in the Purgatorio, cantica two of the Commedia by Alighieri. The article will argue that the variety of the mythological names (mythonyms) represented a quite numerous group of names serving to depict the then recent idea of Purgatory both in the regions of the second kingdom, i. e. Ante-Purgatory, Purgatory itself, as well as Earthly Paradise, which shows that the cantica contributed to spreading ancient myths in Renaissance culture. The ancient mythonyms are pre¬sented in every region of Purgatory, while the share of the ancient historical names is lower. Overall, though the onymic space in the cantica addressed the actual events contemporary to Alighieri, the mythology occupied a sufficient share in the Purgatorio.

THE CULTURAL NON-HUMAN ANIMAL ANALYSING ITALO CALVINO’S ITALIAN FAIRY TALES WITH ZOOSEMIOTICS

Author(s): Francesco Buscemi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The Cultural Non-human Animal. Analysing Italo Calvino’s Italian Fairy Tales with Zoosemiotics. This article analyses traditional Italian fairy tales retold by Italo Calvino in 1956 and their relationships to nature and culture. Zoosemiotics, a branch of both semiotics and animal studies, argues that nature and culture are not separated and in contrast and that, instead, culture is a limited part of nature. This conceptual change envisions different relationships between humans and animals as well as more broadly the end of animal anthropomorphism. Methodologically, the article applies a zoosemiotic analysis to the Italian fairy tales retold by Calvino. The article concludes that some animals in the fairy tales are still anchored to the old view while others move towards the cultural terrain, showing cultural attitudes and inhabiting a cultural area usually reserved for human animals. This shift leads to an inverted semiotic destiny of humans and animals in fairy tales: while animals are traditionally represented as symbols, Calvino’s rewriting turns them into icons, representing only themselves, marked by a neat individuality and independence from their species; while humans are, conversely, usually represented as icons, Calvino’s stories turn them into symbols, such as ingratitude or jealousy. The article shows the usefulness of zoosemiotics and nature/culture in analysing non human-animals in fairy tales and adds to earlier studies considering non-human animals in Calvino’s fairy tales as an epitome of Anthropocene.

CESARE PAVESE’NİN AY VE ŞENLİK ATEŞLERİ ADLI ROMANININ MONOMİT TEORİSİ BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Oğuz Koran / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 91/2022

Myths are symbolic narratives that date back to ancient times. These narratives undoubtedly have a very important place in understanding, recognizing, and interpreting people. Myth and Mythology have a strong connection with disciplines such as psychology, anthropology, sociology, literature, philosophy, and history of religions. Starting from the collective unconscious of Jung, Joseph Campbell, the founder of analytical psychology, aims to reveal the common aspects and similarities of myths. In this study, the journey of Anguilla, the hero of Cesare Pavese's novel La luna e i falò, will be examined in the context of the monomyth theory expressed by Joseph Campbell, who argues that all myths arise from a single myth and its variations.

ЉУБАВ, С ЈУТРОМ БИ НЕСТАЈАЛА КАО САН (Итало Калвино: Тешке љубави, превела с италијанског Гордана Суботић, Darma books, Београд, 2021)

Author(s): Dragan Babić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 534/2022

Viva l’Italia: Carducci, uno strano Nobel

Author(s): Alessandro Scarsella / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2022

This article reconstructs the atmosphere surrounding the award of the Nobel Prize for Literature to Giosue Carducci in 1906, highlighting his anachronism and overtly nationalist and latent anti-Habsburg motivations. However, the twentieth-century reception of Carducci, from Benedetto Croce’s remarks to the opinions formulated at the dawn of 1968, would continue to emphasize his essential place in the canon of modern Italian poetry.

Bezsensowne troski

Author(s): Zofia Anuszkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

The article is an interpretation of the first stanzas of the XI canto of Paradise in the Divine Commedy of Dante. The authorial reflexion, which is not connected directly to the events in the poem, has been analysed in its particular context – the sphere of the Sun, a place of stay of the saved endowed with distinct minds – and subsequently, as an independent composition, even if the instrument of the interpretation will be first of all a confrontation with other passages of the poem. The problem posed by Dante, still valid nowadays, is that of searching for simplified roads to happiness and fulfillment.

Ženski likovi

Author(s): Maurizio Cucchi / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 07+08/2003

Poetry written by Maurizio Cucchi: „ŽENSKI LIKOVI“, „U OČEKIVANJU DRAME“, „STATIST“, „PARK SA ŠLJUNČAROM“.

Czas miniony w Opisaniu świata Marca Polo

Author(s): Alicja Bańczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (68)/2023

This article analyses the role of the past references in the Book of the Marvels of the World written in the 13th century by Marco Polo, a Venetian explorer and merchant who travelled through Asia and had his memories written down by Rustichiello da Pisa. At the beginning, the characteristics of the text and its complexity are presented. In the following section, the role of descriptions relating to the future and to the present is shown. Then, a number of levels are distinguished through which references to the past are situated in the narrative. One level is through a description of the circumstances in which the text was created. Another level is through a report from the Polo family’s first trip to the East. The next level is the story of Marco’s journey with his father and uncle. Finally, there is also a time level where all the references to the history of the lands visited by the author are situated. Marco Polo attempts to show interesting stories related to the lands he has visited, using intertextual references to myths and legends familiar to Europeans of his time. Some stories are intended to show how the rule of Kublai Khan changed the image of Asia and to highlight the development of civilization related to the expansion of the Mongol empire.

La finzione autobiografica tra mistificazione e paradigma universale nel Secretum meum di Petrarca

Author(s): Maria Maślanka-Soro / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2024

Petrarch’s customary reliance on autobiographical themes serves as a guiding principle to nearly all of his works. The Secretum meum is perhaps his most autographical text. It is a treatise in the form of a dialogue in which the speakers, Francesco and Augustine, are characters alluding to Petrarch and St Augustine. The analogies between their respective itinera conversionis determine the strategies endorsing their paradigmatic dimension. In this article, I show that Petrarch uses his own individual case as a point of departure to embark on general discourse; that the Augustinian conflict between ‘the inner man’ and ‘the outer man’ serves as the framework for the construction of the dialogue; and that the story of Francesco’s moral crisis and his attempts to surmount it assume a universal meaning. I also discuss Petrarch as a master of mystification, brilliant at conjuring up an image of himself and cultivating his autobiographical myth built up of a blend of fact and fiction. From the very outset, the reader is up against an instance of unintended internal mystification: Augustine accuses Francesco of unwitting self-deception regarding his deplorable moral condition. By the end of the Secretum, Francesco manages to renounce his weaknesses, recovers his selfcontrol, and resolves to lead a life of virtue. However, Augustine is not at all sure whether his therapeutic methods have indeed worked. Perhaps writing will be the best remedy.

Images of Proverbs. Intermedial Code-Switching in Italian Illustrations of Proverbs

Author(s): Daniela D’Eugenio / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The artistic productions of Niccolò Nelli (1533–1575), Agostino Carracci (1557–1602), Giuseppe Maria Mitelli (1634–1718), and Giuseppe Piattoli (1743–1823) exemplify combinations of textual and visual sources that perfectly represent intermedial code-switching. The four artists authored collections of illustrated proverbs that they either realized in isolation or included in comic strips and in more organized collections. The expressions in the works of Nelli, Carracci, Mitelli, and Piattoli were selected for their rhetorical structure, pedagogical intent, and social reception. These authors then merged their written texts with visual symbols and allegories that could appeal to the larger public, thus making their meaning more accessible. Such representations guided the readers visually and allowed them to undergo an ethical experience through the symbiotic association of iconic value and moral message.

Letteratura italiana e costruzione dell’identità nazionale nell’ottocento

Author(s): Angelo Pagliardini / Language(s): Italian Issue: 73/2024

In this article we are commenting the weak points of the Italian literary canon built during the 19th century, which was, at that time, linked to the legitimating of national identity and independence. The idea that an Italian literary canon existed, even in the absence of a national state, had been discussed by Foscolo, Nievo, and Leopardi, and became a central point in Francesco de Sanctis’ History of Italian Literature. De Sanctis describes the evolution of Italian literature seen as a coherent pattern, starting with the Middle Ages and Dante Aligheri who is presented as a national poet. But this type of conception reduces the complexity and variety of regional and local cultures, like for example the poems in roman dialect by Giuseppe Gioachino Belli, and completely ignores women writers, such as, for example, Cristina Trivulzio.