"Chvála básnického umenia" (Laudes artis poeticae, 1461) z pera Levočana Christophora Petschmessingsloera

Author(s): Mária Novacká / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2008

The article deals with the activities of an important fraternity of pastors from Spiš (Szepes, Zips) region founded in 1204 who resided in Levoča (Lőcse, Leutschau), especially with the work of one of its members, Christoph Petschmessingsloer. In addition to providing information on the life of the author of The Praise for the Art of Poetry (Laudes artis poeticae) from 1461, the study describes the circumstances of the origin of this work. The greatest attention is paid to an analysis of the text of this lecture on the art of poetry and an assessment of its rhetorical characteristics that represented an introduction to Satires by the Roman satirist Decimus Junius Juvenalis. For its first part, the poetic praise of art and poetry is characteristic; the second part speaks of rhetorical and poetic technique, verse forms together with terms of poetic expression. The work is concluded with a mythological story inspired by Ovid's Metamorphoses about nine muses that represent nine human activities and methods of the acquisition of knowledge.

(Ne)moć reči

Author(s): Slaviša Orlović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3-4/2016

Počev od 2009. godine u Ivanjici se svake godine krajem avgusta održava Nušićijada. Reč je o kolaž festivalu satkanom od muzičkih koncerata, pozorišnih predstava, sportskih događaja, performanasa, izložbi i filmskih projekcija, začinjen ceremonijama i paradom kostimiranih građana kao svojim zaštitnim znakom. Ona predstavlja spoj kulture i zabave, tradicionalnog i modernog, mladosti i iskustva, individualnog i kolektivnog. Poznato je da je Branislav Nušić bio odličan besednik i da je napisao jedan od najboljih priručnika za retoriku na srpskom jeziku Retorika – nauku o besedništvu. Imajući to u vidu u okviru Nušićijade u Ivanjici počev od 2012. godine organizuje se Besedničko veče: „NUŠIĆ I REČ“. Ono se sastoji iz dva dela. U prvom delu ugledna ličnost iz javnog života po pozivu govori „Besedu o Nušiću“ na temu o Branislavu Nušiću kao besedniku i teoretičaru retorike. U drugom delu „U slavu reči“, nastupaju revijalno najuspešniji takmičari u besedništvu u Srbiji u tekućoj godini. U ovoj rubrici Hereticusa objavljujemo besede dr Slaviše Orlovića, redovnog profesora Fakulteta političkih nauka Univerziteta u Beogradu i studenata Olivere Ševo, Stefana Dragićevića i Bojane Petrović, koje su održane 27. avgusta 2016. u Ivanjici. Na kraju je beseda dr Đorđa Sibinovića notarima Srbije. [...]

(Re) deifniranje stilske obilježnosti u književnom tekstu

Author(s): Tin Lemac / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 8-9/2020

In this paper we discuss about cathegory of style marks in literary text. This cathegory was primarly noted in linguistic stylistics and reffers to the status of one linguistic element which is in deflection of the grammatical norm of some language. Her application and formalization in literary stylistics are in the middle of some very problematic points which we discuss in this paper. After discussion of legitimity and possibility of this analytical method in literary stylistics, we propose theoretical model in which we redefine this cathegory and use it in analysis of literary text. Theoretical and methodological frame of this paper is based on linguistic stylistics, literary stylistics, poetics, stylistic critic and estehtics.

(Roz)mowa jako ekspresja słowa w epifanii współbycia „twarzą w twarz”. Inspiracje Lévinasowskie

Author(s): Jan Wadowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

Based on Emmanuel Lévinas’s Totality and Infinity: An Essay on Exteriority, the article comprises a tentative reinterpretation of the concept of (Con)versation. The latter is conceived as an expression rather than a result of the relation obtaining between human persons. The relation in question cannot be thematized, but—due to consciousness adjustment—it gives rise to Interconsciousness. By participating in (Con)versation and staying ‘face-to-face’ with another, a human person rediscovers her subjectivity, which manifests the core of the metaphysics of love. It is only within the realm of the latter that the dimension of ethics comes to light. Therefore the command, “Do not kill me,” is preceded by the words, “I want you to live,” which signify the fact that, in its unselfishness, being has transcended itself. In this context, it turns out that the fundamental relation, the one that marks (Con)versation, springs from the realm of the Word, which is God himself.

“I CANNOT WANT A MUSE, WHO WRITE TO YOU”: THE MULTIPLICITY OF RHETORICAL STYLES IN BEHN’S THE UNFORTUNATE BRIDE: OR, THE BLIND LADY A BEAUTY. A NOVEL

Author(s): Juan de Dios Torralbo Caballero / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2021

This paper demonstrates that The Unfortunate Bride: or, The Blind Lady a Beauty. A Novel (1698) reflects a shift from the romance tradition towards the more ‘realistic’ genre of the novel, tracing this change through the work’s stylistic features. Classical rhetoric theory will be applied for the identification of rhetorical styles, in order to achieve a detailed analysis on the linguistic level. It starts from the premise proposed by Michael McKeon that the novel developed in a dialectical relationship with the romance genre, arising from a profound epistemological crisis that occurred towards the end of the 17th century. These observations are presented as an example of the gradual metamorphosis toward the rise of the new genre, while the contemporary scientific context, which Rose Zimbardo (1998) has termed “Zero Point”, will also be considered as a point of departure. First, the textual elements that contribute to the sublime style of the writing and enhance the complexity of the narrative will be cited and catalogued. Next, a rhetorical underpinning will be offered for Ian Watt's influential concept of “formal realism”, which is identifiable in the text.

80 Jahre danach – Wege zu einer gemeinsamen deutsch-polnischen Erinnerungskultur?

Author(s): Waldemar Czachur,Heinz-Helmut Lüger / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2021

The article analyses two speeches commemorating the 80th anniversary of the outbreak of the Second World War, delivered by the German President Frank Walter Steinmeier and the Polish President Andrzej Duda. The authors examine the two texts and ask what aspects of World War II the politicians evoke in their speeches, what images of the Self and the Other are created and what goals are pursued. In the beginning, the article outlines the different meanings of World War II in Polish and German collective memory, and then it proceeds to briefly characterize the commemorative speech as a type of speech. A special emphasis is placed on the analysis of the perspectives underlying the speeches, including the theses presented, as well as on the comparison of the most important differences.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF KEYWORDS IN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE CORPORATE PRESS RELEASES FROM EUROPEAN COMPANIES: INSIGHTS INTO DISCURSIVE PRACTICES

Author(s): Hanna Teresa Skorczynska Sznajder / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

This study provides insights into discursive practices through a comparative study of keywords in English-language press releases from British, Spanish and Polish energy companies. Even though corporate press releases have been extensively researched, there is a lack of cross-cultural and corpus-based studies in this field. In the present research three corpora of approximately 120,000 words each, containing English-language press releases from British, Spanish and Polish energy companies, were used. The keywords were identified with the Wmatrix tool (Rayson 2009) and the reference corpus consisted of business periodical articles. The analysis of corpus keywords usually provides insights that would be difficult to gain by means of manual analyses of texts or qualitative approaches. The results obtained in this study show notable differences between the corpora with regard to the keywords identified. The use of more general meaning keywords by British companies or more technical keywords by Polish companies suggest that lexical choices might be indicative of different discursive practices used to reach stakeholders and the general public.

A Constructive and Speculative Case of Bullshit Art: the Etchings of G.B. Piranesi

Author(s): Sarp Tanrıdağ / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

This article analyzes the constructive and speculative forms of bullshitting in the art field through the etchings of G. B. Piranesi. In reviewing the historical context and the allegorical and technical aspects of his etchings compared to H. Frankfurt’s definition of bullshit, the study contends these artworks’ propositional and unique rhetorical languages. Consequently, it explores a potential form of bullshit art that is manipulative and fictional but also constructively critical.

A Country for Old Men: The Pitfalls of Conservative Political Analysis During Crises

Author(s): Anatoly Reshetnikov / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

I would like to start this reply to the latest forecast by the Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) with a small literary digression. Besides its poetic beauty, Y. B. Yeats’ ‘Sailing to Byzantium’ became one of the poet’s most lauded works for managing to express his acute reflexivity about the problem of aging. Observing the world around him, Yeats’ character understood with astounding clarity that it no longer belonged to him. Moved by this realization, he decided to set off to a different realm, a metaphysical world of immortal culture and spirituality, poetically represented as Byzantium. This critical reflexivity about the fragility and finitude of one’s earthly life indeed secured Yeats a place among his fellow literary classics in ‘the artifice of eternity’.

A humanizmus az igei tudomány szolgálatában (I.)

Author(s): Dezső Buzogány / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2020

When speaking of Reformation and Humanism, we tend to connect them to each other. But as we come closer to the essence of each, we discover their substantially different nature. The gist of Humanism is the human nature. On statues and paintings of the Renaissance the man is portrayed as a great, powerful, almost almighty person. On the other hand, Reformation places God, Christ, salvation, reconciliation etc. at the centre of its teaching. Humans are included too, but only as sideliners, as weak, infirm, needy, helpless figures. Nevertheless, Reformation has benefited to a significant extent from Humanism via its emphasis on the grammar for mastering the languages of the Scripture (Hebrew and Greek), dialectics striving to a better understanding of the scriptural message, and rhetorics as a substantial technical help spreading the Gospel. Therefore, teaching these disciplines at the universities of the Reformation has become of major importance during the 16th century.

A humanizmus az igei tudomány szolgálatában (IV)

Author(s): Dezső Buzogány / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2020

A syllogism (Greek: συλλογισμός – “conclusion, inference”) is a kind of logical argument that applies deductive reasoning to arrive at a conclusion based on two or more propositions that are asserted or assumed to be true. Aristotle defines the syllogism as “a discourse in which certain (specific) things having been supposed, something different from the things supposed results of necessity because these things are so”. The Aristotelian syllogism dominated Western philosophical thought for many centuries in the Middle Ages. But the history of syllogistic thinking does not end with the Middle Ages. It continued to be used even by the church reformers of the 16th century. Thus, alongside a dialectic way of thinking, it contributed to the development of the new dogmatics coined by the church reformers in the 16th century.

A humanizmus az igei tudomány szolgálatában (V.)

Author(s): Dezső Buzogány / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 5/2020

This overview of Melanchthon’s dialectic is far from being complete. He continues to present the rules of scientific thinking and the theoretical and practical methods. But the short survey, which covers the essence of his scholarly view, shows a clear intention and effort on his behalf to “domesticate” the classical (pagan) science of thinking in view of their adoption by the Protestant churches. He believed that by doing so, he was advancing the science of the Word, as far as the preparation to the church service is concerned. He was aware that the classical scholarship of humanism could improve Protestant theology, which was to become more erudite, while enriching church sermons with more depth and substance. The overview also shows Melanchthon’s deep commitment to pedagogy, and his concern to be useful to both his students and pastors by elaborating on and strengthening the specific Christian theology of the century. By this he inscribed his name forever into the memory book of the Protestant science and pedagogy.

A pragma-rhetorical study of selected Pentecostal sermons in Nigeria

Author(s): Samuel Alaba Akinwotu / Language(s): English Issue: 02 (33)/2021

This study examines persuasion and communicative intentions in Pentecostal sermons in Nigeria. Notwithstanding the high scholarly inputs in religious discourse, no single work has examined the devices employed to achieve persuasion and conviction as well as communicative intentions in Pentecostal sermons in Nigeria. This work examines twelve sermons of selected Pentecostal preachers in Nigeria by drawing insights from rhetoric and pragmatic act to account for persuasion and communicative intentions in the data. Findings reveal that preachers strategically deploy rhetorical question; direct address and direct command; metaphor; repetition and structural parallelism; and they develop convincing arguments through logic/reason. It is also revealed that preachers share experiences with their listeners and they assume divine role by speaking authoritatively to convince their listeners into accepting their propositions. Preachers perform pragmatic acts of asserting/stating, encouraging, assuring, directing, commanding, praising, etc. The study has further confirmed that Pentecostal sermons can be used for public mobilisation.

A Quest for Originality in Latin Poetry of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Observed in Manuscripts of the Seventeenth-Eighteenth Centuries

Author(s): Živilė Nedzinskaitė / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were the time when literature in Latin written by professors and students of Jesuit colleges flourished in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. This trend was the outcome of the Jesuit educational model. The main disciplines in colleges were poetics and rhetoric. The classes of these two disciplines not only aimed at teaching theoretical rules, acquainting the students with the prevailing literary canon, and pointing out the differences between genres, but also encouraged students’ individual creative work, as it was independent writing that was a proof of students’ ability to apply theory in practice. Student writing was strongly influenced by the theory of imitation, which was very popular at the time. Resorting to manuscript material from the colleges of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the article focuses on varying degrees of influence of the imitation theory on students’ individual creative work: it shows the relation between imitation and the literary tradition, the rules of rhetoric, and imitation of canonical authors; it also places emphasis on the quest for individual expression. The author observes that some texts composed by students are on a par with the best poetic works of the well-known poets of that time.

A RETORIKA ÉS AZ ÉRVELŐ ESSZÉ TANíTÁSA

Author(s): Ildiko Csaszi Nagy / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

Nowadays it is becoming increasingly important to convince others, to acquire the skill of debating in a cultured way, and this issue has to be met in school. In this study the author presents the importance of rhetoric, gives a short historical account of public speakers and researchers of different ages, then summarizes the rhetorical knowledge present in today’s education, focusing mainly on the presentation of preparing for one of the tasks of the graduation exam, that is the argumentative essay.

A Review of Antoine Traisnel, "Capture: American Pursuits and the Making of the New Animal Condition." Minneapolis, MN and London: University of Minnesota Press, 2020, 358 pages, ISBN 978-1-5179-0964-2 (pb), hardcover 108 $, paperback 27 $

Author(s): Michael Fuchs / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

A Rhetorical Approach to Aspects of Philip Roth’s Narration Technique in the Zuckerman Project

Author(s): Corina Alexandrina Lirca / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2014

The Zuckerman project is characterized by a variety of narration techniques. The first book of the project is a first-person narration. A different narration technique (third-person narration) is adopted with the second installment, i.e. Zuckerman Unbound (also maintained through The Anatomy Lesson). Then Roth switches back to first-person narration and the diary style in the “Prague Orgy” and introduces fractures specific to metafiction in The Counterlife. Next, with the American trilogy he draws heavily on the technique called paralepsis. Finally, with Exist Ghost he surprises again. Over the course of the Zuckerman project, Roth submits his authorial audience to a continuous puzzlement, disregarding expectations or better said mocking at their expectations and their urge for the logical linkage with what the previous autonomous books conveyed.

A Steep and Rocky Path to Brexit: Creative Metaphors in British Political Discourse on Brexit

Author(s): Lejla Aljukić / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2019

This paper examines the emergence of metaphorical creativity from the creative elaboration of the single walking journey metaphor, which is used in British political discourse for the conceptualisation of Brexit. Using the cognitive linguistic theory of conceptual metaphor, three instances of creative metaphors are analysed at the level of conceptual domains and metaphor scenarios, as well as metaphorical stories activated by those metaphors, which, according to Ritchie (2017), seem to be crucial for the complete comprehension of creative metaphors. Special attention is given to contextual factors that motivate the emergence of creative instances of the walking journey metaphor, as well as the rhetorical force with which they shape political reality.

A TOUCHY SUBJECT: THE TACTILE METAPHOR OF TOUCH

Author(s): Mirt Komel / Language(s): English Issue: 82/2016

The article proposes an interpretation of metaphors and metaphoric discourse through the perspective of touch. The article first deals with metaphors of touch in the history of western philosophy (especially traditional metaphysics from Plato to Hegel) in order to produce an operative category of touch that will allow, in the second step, to grasp the tactile quality of the metaphors. If metaphors are usually (rhetorics, politics, literature) regarded as a specific form of language able to not only touch the subject matter in the most suitable way but also touch on the target subject (listener/reader), then it is precisely because there is a certain haptic quality involved in language itself, discernible especially in the discourse of those who know how to best exploit metaphors in their endeavours.

Acts of Translation - Acts of Interpretation: Paraphrasing and the Hermeneutics of Translating

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Author(s): Adriana-Cecilia Neagu / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2008

The study examines the act of translation and the exercise of paraphrasing positing the latter as a mode of enhancing language-processing skills. With paraphrasing seen as a key pre-translation step, the paper argues the case for its use in the translation classroom as a tool for refining reading comprehension and textual interpretive strategies, and consequently boosting performance in translation practice.