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KOUZLO STARÝCH POHLEDNIC KE KRITICKÉ METODOLOGII INTERPRETACE POPULÁRNÍHO HISTORIOGRAFICKÉHO ŽÁNRU

Author(s): Jan Seidl / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2020

This article focuses on a critical analysis of a corpus of books featuring antique postcards of the Liberec region (Czech Republic) which were re-published in the last 20 years. The author studies this empirical material in connection to the local identities formation in a region with a complex modern history. Methodologically, he builds on a phenomenologically oriented theory of a place as a focus of individually ascribed meanings. He approaches postcards as signs with a distinguishable signifier and signified. He describes the genre paradigm of these books, palpable in their common features regarding the choice and ordering of postcards and in the ways their editors formulate their comments to individual reproductions. He argues that in cases of old postcards with German-language inscriptions, which are dominant in this region, the genre paradigm of these books makes it impossible that account be fully taken of the distinctive, unique features captured in these postcards (and thus an important layer of their meaning). Finally, the author calls for an alternative model of interpretation that could be applied to these sources and that would produce historical knowledge of a different nature.

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Socialistické město v poválečné Evropě jako urbánní typ(ologie)

Author(s): Kimberly E. Zarecor / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2018

Socialist cities during their design, construction, and expansion have mostly been studied as an expression of the socialist system itself, directly linked to the political fate of the Communist Parties in power. This article revisits the concept of socialist city and argues for the validity of the term both historically and in the present. Looking qualitatively at this distinct European urban typology, two analytical frameworks are offered, infrastructural thinking and the socialist scaffold. The text demonstrates that the universal aspiration for socialist cities was their continuous operation as synchronized instruments of economic production and social transformation in physical space. Distinct from capitalist cities, they had an ideological role in an economic model that instrumentalized cities as nodes in an integrated system or ‘single entity’, a term borrowed from Stephen Kotkin. The agency of the socialist scaffold has continued into the era of neoliberalism, shown here to have previously unexplored roots in socialism.

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DOBRUDJAN LANDSCAPE ON THE PERMANENT EXHIBITION SIMES OF TULCEA ART MUSEUM

Author(s): Gabriela RADU / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 33/2023

Dobrogea, through the unique landscape, through the light and chromatics of the surrounding nature and through the exotic aspect of the inhabitants, constantly changing, amazes and attracts painters. The Tulcea Art Museum highlights works inspired by the beauty of the Dobrudjan area. Dobrogea is the space that manages to imprint itself in the creations of Romanian artists. These works have become a definition of the surrounding space. The visitor, after contemplating nature, can rediscover it in the space of the Tulcea Art Museum. The article includes brief presentations of artists and their works that have Dobrogea as inspiration.

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Spirala i amplituda. Dialektyka sztuki

Author(s): Cezary Woźniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

The article presents a certain dialectic of art, the dialectic developed on the basis of such concepts as essence, potentiality, completeness, sense and phenomenon. The completeness of art is hereby understood as the maximum actualisation of its potential, the pretence of art would be therefore something, in which the potentiality of art isn’t elaborated on. What would be the sense of art then? It would be the process of certain actualisation of art potentiality. The history of art then presents itself as the amplitude whose extents are drawn by the level of the actualisation of that potentiality; from the pretence of art to the appearance of immanence, the epiphanic experience of the omni-completeness. This might have been the most maximalist vision of art, which can be found, for example, in Schiller, Schelling, Heidegger or Chögyam Trungpa.We can also imagine a different variant of dialectic of art, in which its story would have unfolded in form of a spiral. The history of art would then have been driven by the need for the realisation of its telos. It would have been the achievement of complete sense of art inherent to its concept, which may be derived from Hegel’s aesthetics.Can this spiral and this amplitude be intersecting? And if so, how could this affect understanding of art? It seems that the dialectic form of spiral provides art with the terminological integrity, the possibility of its nominal creation, whereas the form of amplitude reinforces art as the epiphany of omni-completeness. Finally, the art would be the form of energy flow on the certain horizon, horizon of art; the form of flow into its condensation points of completeness; and the moments of transparency of this eternal flow…

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Teatralność troski. Spektakl Kochana Wisełko, Najdroższy Zbyszku jako egzemplifikacja feministycznej etyki troski

Author(s): Monika Machowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

This article undertakes an attempt to prove validity of the claim that the play Kochana Wisełko, Najdroższy Zbyszku can be seen as an exemplification of feminist ethics of care, especially in reference to its interpretation by the theorist Nel Noddings. The methodological tools used, include the textual analysis of the script as well as the adaptation of phenomenological approach. The categories of a general assessment introduced alongside this reflection are as follows: relationality and receptivity, as well as the practice of empathy, care, understanding and attunement to other people’s needs. The article proved the adequacy of the assumption that the aforementioned categories had been expressed in the play and that they can be clearly ascertained in its reception by the viewers.

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Who Formed the Architectural Appearance of Trnava in the Years 1918 – 1945?

Author(s): Linda Osyková / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2023

The appearance of modern Trnava is the joint work of many important Czech, Moravian, and Slovak architects. The building of the District Health Insurance office is a national heritage monument also listed in the DOCOMOMO register, and there are many more buildings constructed in Trnava in the 1918 – 1945 period that deserve national heritage status. Proof for this contention is the quality of the designs from the architects then active in Trnava, many of whom are credited with realisations in other Slovak towns that are already under national heritage protection. No less impressive work was rendered by the contractors and their workers, as confirmed by the inspection reports and indeed the users of the buildings. However, a major share of the credit for the completion of this exceptional array of publicly beneficial buildings should be assigned to the activities of the management in the era’s medical facilities, schools, public offices, organisational supervisors, national governmental bodies, and others who made the decisions and allotted state aid for construction. And in turn, the state itself assisted this development through the passing of various laws on construction and financial support. The archival documents confirm enormous efforts by certain institutional heads and public officials who worked hard to improve health care, schooling, and housing in the city. These efforts extended to the adherence to legally set construction deadlines, and to the creation of buildings of undeniable architectural and technical quality, many of which serve their original function even today.

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NDRYSHIMI I HAPËSIRËS SË INTERPRETIMIT DHE I AUDIENCËS: INDIVIDUAL NË SKENIK

Author(s): Leontina Gega-Musa / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 52/2022

Folkloric creativity, expressed through recognized artistic forms, used to have a specific performance in time and space, and in front of a specific audience. Due to a multitude of factors, and as a result of social and technological development in the society, nowadays,one cannot find the former oral communication of folklore as it used to be within the uneducated layers of the population. Traditional folklore, but also the one recreated based on the former forms, nowadays distributed within a new communication horizon, through various audiovisual and technological forms, has influencedcreation of new and different relationships between a receiver/recipient and a creator/reproducer, unlike those that once existed. On the other hand, presentation of folklore as part of the cultural heritage is being increasingly used to promote traditional culture in the cultural industry through folklore festivals, which as cultural events in the Albanian culture have a relatively long tradition of organization. Based on the references of the researchers who have dealt with this issue, this paper aims at emphasizing what time-space-audience relationship used to be in folkloric performances, what are the factors that influenced change in this relationship today, as well as how much and to what extent hasthe functional aspect of the spiritual creativity changed by putting on stage such performances in folklore festivals and its relationship with the audience.

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MADHËSHTIA E RUGOVËS NGA PRIZMI I EPIKËS DHE I LAHUTARËVE TË SAJ

Author(s): Ardian Ahmedaja / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 52/2022

Review of: Zymer Ujkan Neziri: Epika legjendare e Rugovës, I. Këngë të kreshnikëve dhe balada. Lahutarët Adem Salihi-Shala (1898–1992), Adem Syla-Kurtaj (1898– 1994), Çelë Sokoli-Demëbogaj (1902–1992) Prishtinë: Instituti Albanologjik i Prishtinës, 2009. 282 f., ill., notizim muzikor, ISBN 978 -9-95141-190-5.

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NDIHMESË E RE NGA ALBIN SADIKU NË FUSHËN E ETNOMUZIKOLOGJISË

Author(s): Zymer Ujkan Neziri / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 52/2022

Review of: Albin Sadiku, Roli, funksioni dhe përdorimi i sharkisë në Kosovë, Instituti Albanologjik, Prishtinë, 2020, 309 faqe, ISBN 978-9951-24-114-4)

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IN MEMORIAM Lahutari i Shkrelit SADIK RAMA – HARABADAJ 1943-2021

Author(s): Zymer Ujkan Neziri / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 52/2022

In memoriam to Sadik Rama Harabdaj

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TİMUR DEVRİ İSKENDER SULTAN DÖNEMİNE AİT BL ADD. 27261 ‘E KAYITLI ANTOLOJİ’DE BULUNAN HAMSE-İ NİZAMİ MİNYATÜRLERİNİN KOMPOZİSYON DÜZENLEMELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Author(s): S. Hilal Arpacioğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 59/2023

In the 14th century, Tabriz, Shiraz, Baghdad, Herat and Samarkand, which were under the rule of the Timurids, became important art centers in line with the Timurid emphasis on the arts. Timur's grandson Iskander Sultan was one of the most important patrons of the book arts under the Timurids, and during his reign a large number of high-quality illustrated manuscripts were produced in the Shiraz region. The Anthology recorded in BL Add. 27261 is one of the most important works produced in Shiraz during the reign of Iskander Sultan and constitutes the Shiraz style of the Timurid period. The Khamse-i Nizami section of the work, which is the subject of our research, contains 14 miniatures. Through the 14 paintings examined in our study, we will examine how the painters construct the design according to the subject of the story, how they create the perception of depth and how they direct the viewer to the main center of the story. The relationship between front and back in the spaces designed by the painters and the method by which they reveal the important figures in the story will be indicated.

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Supermarket theatres, oversupply of labour and new holders of capital in Greek theatre during the debt crisis (2010-2019)

Author(s): Tassos Angelopoulos / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2022

Using Pierre Bourdieu’s field methodology, the article tries to chart the rearrangements within the theatrical field in Greece during the decade of the economic crisis (2010-2019). The article identifies the distortions of the Greek theatrical market, such as the oversupply of labour and the replacement of theatres with an artistic imprint by the here called “supermarket” theatres. In addition, we follow the attempt of the “Stegi” by the Onassis Foundation to emerge as the central holder of the (symbolic) capital within this theatrical field, occupying the place Amore Theater used to have. Finally, it is concluded that the theatrical field - and because of the pandemic that followed the economic crisis – resists against fully mapping, as new initiatives and groupings are still taking place within it.

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Emancipatorska uloga umetnosti i medija u reprezentaciji traume

Author(s): Mirjana Nikolić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 23/2022

Art and the media have a significant role in the representation of reality, and throughout their history, they have often been a powerful tool for social and political elites to achieve their goals. It is, therefore, not surprising that, during the reign of totalitarian regimes and in crisis social situations, art and the media claim the absolute right to the truth, acting as a means of propaganda, imprinting the desired ideas in the consciousness of citizens as an audience. There are numerous papers in which the capacities of art and media are presented and analyzed, considering their roles in social engagement and manipulation. Starting from the theoretical views of Jacques Rancière (emancipated viewer) and H. M. Enzensberger (emancipatory role of the media), the paper will analyze the cohesion of art and media in the process of representing the past, especially when it is a source of traumatic experiences. The great crisis generated by World War II, and the Holocaust as a product of it, was a generator of a global trauma as well as the source of a series of individual traumas. Through specific examples related to the field of radio drama, movie, and themedia, we will try to re-examine the capacities of art forms and media texts in representing trauma, as well as their ability to bring horrible events from the past to the audience. Does the essence of a work of art represent its capacity to be a transmitter of traumatic experiences or is it a ramp, a border, a line of defense for the audience, considering the fact that, even in its most inherent form, a work of art is more moderate than the reality it refers to? The key case studies in the analysis of the presented hypotheses will be two artistic, media texts, both from 1985: The movie Shaw (by Claude Lanzmann) and the radio drama Searching for Ashes (Djordje Lebovic / Slobodan Boda Markovic)

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(De)instrumentalizacija pušenja u savremenoj vizuelnoj kulturi na primjeru arhetipa buntovnika/buntovnice

Author(s): Nataša Tešanović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 23/2022

The idea of ‘rebellion/disobedience as an immanence of freedom’ is a frequently used concept in storytelling strategies, whether art, marketing, or political activism. This idea can simultaneously or successively permeate all three areas, which is plastically demonstrated by the example of the rebel archetype. Originally used to advertise cigarette brands by celebrities, the archetype served as a means by which the tobacco industry reached new categories of consumers, who saw smoking as an act of liberation from social restraints and prejudices. By strengthening the so-called health agenda, and especially its use for political purposes, there are many bans on both direct consumption and advertising of cigarettes. Instead of directly promoting brands, the tobacco industry opts for indirectly mediating the act of smoking in visual culture, but this time with the use of narratives with a central rebel figure. By additional labeling and marginalization of smokers in public discourse, which often turns out to be a kind of act of political hypocrisy/screen for numerous undemocratic activities, smoking within the visual culture is increasingly presented as an act of rebellion, that is, a symbol of the struggle against political correctness and law-washed repression. In that context, through the historical presentation of the use of the rebel archetype in visual culture, mainly in movies and TV series, that is, through a descriptive-analytical approach to selected figures of smokers-rebels, within this research we will consider the decades-long symbiosis of the tobacco industry and marketing strategies of storytelling, as well as subversive artistic practices that oppose them. The results of the undertaken research indicate that the (de) instrumentalization of smoking in contemporary visual culture turns out to be a very current topic that pretends to anticipate cultural trends in a way and in ranges that go beyond the act of smoking and its direct implications.

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Kronika kulturnih događanja u Mostaru, travanj – srpanj 2023.

Author(s): Mira Pehar / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 131-132/2023

Kronika kulturnih događanja u Mostaru, travanj – srpanj 2023. / Chronicle of cultural events in Mostar, April - July 2023.

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I dream, therefore i am an Architect

Author(s): Lamila Simišic Pašić,Meliha Teparić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

In this review of the exhibition of the student’s research projects in the master’s class Digital Design Studio of Architectural Program within the International University of Sarajevo, mentor and curators Lamila Simisic Pasic and Meliha Teparic are giving an analysis of the settings, aims, and purpose of the show. The exhibition is about an attempt to follow the novelties that the 21st century is bringing into the creation process, such as the involvement of artificial intelligence (AI) within creative fields. Students started with discovering, analyzing, and classifying the results of visual impacts from their travel from home to school. The synthesis came out from a mixture of artificial and real. Then, they merged their physical experiences transformed into visual imagery and digital outputs discovered through the lens of AI into one coherent and intuitive experience. Finally, students used machine learning as a direct collaborator for expanding their imaginations, particularly the diffusion model, which visualizes images out of the text, better known as text-to-image or, its extension, text-to-animation! Using these techniques, students reconstructed their voyages into more visionary landscapes, trying to emphasize, bold, and enlarge dilemmas and concerns of nowadays and refract a multisensory experience to tell the story. The exhibition was held in the Art Gallery of the International University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, at the end of 2022.

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„I czyńcie ją sobie poddaną; i panujcie nad rybami morskimi, i nad ptactwem niebieskim, i nad wszelkim zwierzem, który się rusza na ziemi”

Author(s): Andrzej Pitrus / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2023

The article focuses on various strategies of artists who use live animals in their works. The author presents several examples of works which, in many cases, raised a lot of controversies. His aim is not to judge, but to discuss different approaches, which have one thing in common: they all come from the tradition of conceptual or preconceptual art.

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Lühikroonika

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 7/2023

7.–10. juunini peeti Brnos Masaryki ülikoolis rahvusvahelise etnoloogia- ja folklooriühingu (Société Internationale d’Ethnologie et de Folklore) 16. kongress. 9–10. juunil toimus Luua Metsandus-koolis koolinoorte keelelaager „Hääldu-sest ja hääldamisest” 15. juunil peeti Underi ja Tuglase Kirjanduskeskuses aiaseminar „Enam kui inim. Kirjandus ja kunst mitmeliigilises maailmas” 15.–17. juunil toimus Tallinna Ülikoolis 13. Lotmani päevade konverents „Hirmkultuuris ja hirmukultuur” („Fear in culture and culture of fear”). 26.–29. juunil peeti Värskas BaltHer-Neti suvekool „Väliseesti kultuuripärand võõrsil XI. Minu eesti juured” 27. juunil toimus Tartus LVI J. V. Veski päev „Eesti keelest ja läänemeresoome keelte perest”, mis oli pühendatud keele-mehe 150. sünniaastapäevale.

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EMOTIONS AND RELIGIONS: MEDIA REPRESENTATIONS AND VISUAL METAPHORS OF EMOTIONS ON THE WORLD WIDE WEB

Author(s): Justyna Szulich-Kałuża / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The article analyses two research problems related to media representations (digital lexicons of emotions) and visual metaphors of emotions in the Internet materials concerning religions during the pandemic. For the analyses two research techniques were used: analysis of the content and analysis of visual metaphors. Using the key words ‘religion’ and ‘coronavirus’ yielded 100 natural search engine results from Google Search (organic search), coming from all over the world, e.g. UK, USA, Poland, Canada, India, Israel, Iran, Qatar, North Korea, subject to content analysis. The research material employed in the study of metaphors are selected illustrations listed in an international catalogue of photographs and illustrations involving religious motifs, available during the COVID-19 pandemic. The metaphor analysis covered the illustrations selected from the study data, with the richest visual semantics and meeting at least one of the definition requirements for a visual metaphor. On the basis of the analyses of virtual lexicons of the emotions of fear (and accompanying distrust), anger/wrath, happiness/joy (and accompanying: hope, trust, satisfaction, mental balance, peace of mind, closeness, solidarity, compassion, care, solace), and sadness/uncertainty, a general conclusion was formulated about the enrichment of the emotional media culture with new contexts of language use. The described examples of visual metaphors of emotions allowed for the reading of compositional techniques, symbolism, colours, contrast and elements taken from the original metaphors. The results contribute to the studies of the social concept of emotions presented in the digital media and of new contexts of their media representations. They point to the adjustment forms of the organization of social life on the Internet initiated by religious practices that are, by their nature, emotional. The media representations and visual metaphors of emotions contribute to the creation of universal lexicons of emotions.

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SZTUKA I TRANSCENDENCJA W REFLEKSJI ESTETYCZNO-RELIGIJNEJ KAROLA TARNOWSKIEGO

Author(s): Andrzej Krawiec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

In Polish philosophical aesthetics Karol Tarnowski’s considerations about art reflect transformations that occurred in phenomenology — particularly French — in the second half of the 20th century. Religious thinking combined with the scholastic tradition and the classical doctrine of transcendentals turn out to be similar in many aspects, but still not identical with Jean-Luc Marion’s phenomenology of givenness and Michel Henry’s nonintentional phenomenology of invisible life. The aesthetic views of Karol Tarnowski, an outstanding philosopher of religion and pianist himself, can be found in scattered texts whose main subject matter is not always art. This is why the article aims at a synthetic presentation of this particular reflection in the context of current debates around phenomenology.

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