"RASTOČA STANOVANJSKA NESKLADJA" - MED CITATI, INTERPRETACIJAMI IN OPOMBAMI POD ČRTO

Author(s): Srna Mandić / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 17-18/1994

Pričujoče besedilo je komentar k navedbi v članku B. Verlič Deklevove Urban Mobility and Housing Shortages: The Case of Slovenia (Družboslovne razprave št. 15-16). Tu je pri podatkih, ki dokazujejo "rastoča stanovanjska neskladja”, vir Kraigher, Mandič, SNP, 1991 nekorektno naveden: avtorica namreč ni označila, kaj je iz vira povzeto, kaj pa je njena izvirna - po mojem mnenju zelo sporna - ocena. Natančneje: Tabela 7 (str. 124) prinaša podatek, da je leta 1991 v ‘‘prevelikem stanovanju (nad standardi)" živelo 54% slovenske populacije. Kot vir, iz katerega so podatki “izbrani in sestavljeni”, je poleg vira Blejec (1984) naveden tudi omenjeni vir. To pa ne drži, saj ni omenjal “prevelikega stanovanja", ampak je uporabljal izraz “presega vrednost družbenega dogovora".

"Лошите кредити": институционални и финансови аспекти, 1994

Author(s): Christina Vutcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian

Since the beginning of 1991 Bulgaria has been living through a period of transition from centralized totalitarian control to free market economy. Year 1990 can be said to mark the political liberation of the people with the adoption of the new Constitution. The economic liberalization, however, is a reality yet to be brought to life since private ownership is not prevalent in the economy. The prime aim of the transition is to substitute an absurd and inefficient economic system for a new one to rely on the free initiative, private ownership and competition.

A Binary Logistic Regression Model for Support Decision Making in Criminal Justice

Author(s): Kateryna Berezka,Olha Kovalchuk,Serhiy V. Banakh,Stanislav V. Zlyvko,Roksolana Hrechaniuk / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Research background: The economics of incarceration is having an increasing impact on the economies of the world due to the rapid growth in the number of prisoners in the world The search for effective solutions that can help reduce government spending on prisoners in penitentiaries and at the same time ensure the safety of society is becoming increasingly important. These studies used the method of binary logistic regression to predict the probability of convicted criminal recidivism in the future. Purpose: The aim of the paper is to build an effective forecasting model that, based on the statistical and dynamic data of convicts, will provide information for optimal post-trial decisions, such as the grounds for possible parole, probation or length of sentence. Research methodology: The data were collected on the basis of statistical data of 13,010 convicts serving sentences in penitentiary institutions in Ukraine. To predict the probability of convicts committing criminal offenses binary logistic regression and ROC-analysis (Receiver Operator Characteristic analysis) were used . Results: A qualitative binary logistic regression model has been constructed, with the help of which it is possible to predict the probability of criminal recidivism by each of the convicts on the basis of its individual values of the variables included in the model. Novelty: For the first time in Ukraine, a model has been developed to predict the probability of convicts committing repeated criminal offenses.

A composite indicator for economic integration maturity: the case of Western Balkan countries

Author(s): Viktória Endrődi-Kovács,Oleg TANKOVSKY / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Montenegro and Serbia are on track to join the EU, followed by other Western Balkan countries. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate these countries' economic integration maturity. The analysis covers the period between 2006 and 2019. The main questions concern the evolution of Western Balkan countries during the last 15 years, the results that have already been achieved, and the weakest points of their potential accession. The paper suggests that, although these countries are about to fulfil the economic criteria, they are not fully prepared to join the EU from an economic perspective as they face significant challenges in terms of integration maturity. To endorse this suggestion, the paper forms a new composite indicator to provide a comprehensive understanding of the recent development of these countries' functioning market economy, competitiveness, macroeconomic stability, convergence, and financing ability. Results can contribute to the integration theory and enlargement decision-making.

A COMPREHENSIVE CHARACTERIZATION AND COROLLARIES OF BULLYING AT WORK

Author(s): Tinuke M. Fapohunda,Felicia Omotayo Soares / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Workplace bullying is a phenomenon that affects employee performance and productivity. Its non-illegal status makes it easy to go unnoticed and is becoming an issue for HR managers and other actors in the employment relations. This paper examines workplace bullying to determine its types, features, prevalence in the Nigerian work environment and its effect both on the employees and on the organisation. 200 participants were selected from different departments of a Lagos area office of a federal organisation. Three hypotheses were tested. There was significant relationship between workplace bullying and staff performance. It was also discovered that there was a relationship between gender and the exposure to verbal abuse and there was a relationship between workplace bullying and job satisfaction.

A conceptual model of consumer intention to continue buying eco-labeled products

Author(s): Alexandra Perju-Mitran,Elisabeta Andreea Budacia,Lucian Constantin Gabriel Budacia,Marian-Florin Busuioc / Language(s): English Issue: 60/2022

The study of eco-labeled product purchasing behavior usually starts from a multidisciplinary set of fundamental theories and models depending on the approach towards the ecological behavior of the consumer. The proposed conceptual model is based on quantitative research on the intention of consumers to continue to buy eco-labeled goods for personal use. The model is analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique, based on variance analysis, on a sample of 587 respondents. The analysis process consisted of two distinct stages, evaluating the accuracy of measurements, and testing the hypotheses. The conformity of the model was validated by studying its specific indicators. The 17 study hypotheses were tested by path coefficient analysis within the structural model, as well as the postulated moderating effect. Based on the conformity indices obtained, the model has good predictive and explanatory capacity. The only hypothesis refuted is the relationship between consumers’ perception of personal effectiveness and their intention to continue buying eco-labeled products. This relationship was not verified at the chosen significance threshold of .01. By analyzing the indirect and total effects, we demonstrated the existence of certain beliefs that directly influence consumers’ intention to continue buying eco-labeled products. The influence is also indirect through other variables such as perceived trust and perceived usefulness. The existence of a statistically significant effect from variables on an indirect path (expectations confirmation, ease of use of the ecolabel in purchasing eco-products) was also demonstrated. The explanatory and predictive capacity of the intention to continue buying eco-labeled products was increased by validating the proposed model.

A Criminological Analysis of Trans-Border Crimes of Illela-Birnin Konni Corridor

Author(s): Ishaq Karofi USMAN / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2022

The paper explores the causes and effects of trans-border crime on two border communities: Illela and Birnin Konni border towns. The persistence and consistency of trans-border crime issue inspired the desire to carry out a study from which this paper emanates. The strain/ anomy theory and differential association theories were used as guides to the problem examined in the paper. Snowball and purposive or judgmental sampling procedures were adopted and a sample size of 271 respondents was chosen. This figure was arrived using Raosoft 2004 sample size of calculator by using 5% marginal error, 90% confidential level and 50% respondent distribution. Mixed methods of qualitative and quantitative were adopted. While questionnaire was designed and administered to designated respondents for the qualitative method, interview sessions were conducted with one each selected staff from the Customs, Immigration, Police Force, NDLEA and Civil Defense. There was 57.6 % response rate as 156 respondents out of 271 returned the questionnaire given to them and three (3) key informants were interviewed. The paper found smuggling of petroleum products as the major (89%) trans-border crime with poverty as the leading cause of transborder crime as indicated by (38.3%) of the respondents. The paper then recommends that parent should instill discipline on their wards/children and proper socialization to avoid peer group influence on their children.

A GENERAL OVERVIEW OF JANISSARY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PRESENCE IN ALEPPO (1700-1760S)

Author(s): Yahya Araz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Focusing on the Janissaries, and covering a period between the early eighteenth century and the 1760s, this study draws on preliminary findings from the Aleppo court records in order to highlight their roles in that city’s socio-economic life. Most of the Janissaries of Aleppo and their families came to the city from the surrounding countryside; they tried to survive and earned their livelihood as ordinary townsmen, a process that signaled their integration into the urban fabric. This process manifested itself in their relations with other social groups, their conglomeration in specific quarters, and their increasing capacity to diffuse into other areas and expand their economic activities. This expansion, however, resulted in a conflict between their interests and those of the eşraf/ashraf, who consisted of members of established merchant families, religious dignitaries, and other people who claimed to be descendants of the Prophet. The competing interests of the two groups, especially after the 1760s, were destined to reshape the role of the Janissaries in Aleppo as well as their interactions with other social groups. These confrontations also strengthened the solidarity and esprit de corps among the Janissaries, who had until then preferred to distinguish themselves by their ethnic, tribal, and country-based affiliations

A look at the city of Fortaleza from the perspective of NBR ISO 37120:2017

Author(s): Francisco DE ASSIS SOUZA ALEXANDRE,Maria Elisa MARCIANO MARTINEZ,Marcello CARVALHO DOS REIS,Patrícia CARVALHO DOS REIS,Auzuir RIPARDO DE ALEXANDRIA / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2022

This article presents, for the city of Fortaleza, the result of the indicators of five of the seventeen sections of the standard NBR ISO 37120:2017 - “Sustainable Development of Communities - Indicators for urban services and quality of life" which establishes an international standard of key indicators and encourages communities to become more proactive, ensuring that stakeholders develop and implement a management system suited to the needs of each region. This standard, launched in 2014, defines the methodology for a set of 100 indicators, divided into 17 sections, which address social, environmental and economic aspects of cities. The five sections chosen for this work were: education, health, security, shelter and transport, since they are key areas for the development of any city. Fortaleza's results, in each of these sections, are discussed and compared with those of 58 other cities available through the World Council on City Data (WCCD) database. It is, therefore, an unprecedented study, since there is no related work in the literature for the chosen city. As a result, it can be seen that, of the 31 indicators evaluated in this work, Fortaleza was below the average of the cities certified by the WCCD in 19 indicators, above the average in 7 indicators and it was not possible to calculate another 5 indicators. It is also evident that in all the sections studied there are critical points that must be evaluated by the public power for the treatment and consequent improvement of urban services and quality of life of the population of Fortaleza.

A művészet eltagadott gazdaságának feminista megközelítése

Author(s): Katja Praznik / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 30/2022

Autonomy has historically been a gendered notion, a defining feature of masculinity as opposed to the relational otherness and dependency that has characterized dominant representations of femininity. It therefore follows that the notion of artistic labour, which as we saw in chapter 1, is rooted in the idea of art’s autonomy, would also be a gendered concept. This convergence of labour and gender calls, I argue, for an approach that is informed both by labour theory of value and a feminist epistemology to unpack the implications of autonomy of art. In this chapter, I therefore employ a feminist epistemology about the gendered nature of (women’s) work as an element of my labour-focused analysis

A NEW CAREER PATH PROFILING SYSTEM USING DATA FUSION AND ESCO SERVICES APO

Author(s): Maria-Iuliana Dascălu,Ioana-Antonia Nanău,Iulia-Cristina Stănică,Elisabeth Lazarou,Constanţa-Nicoleta Bodea / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2021

The paper proposes a new system for career recommendations based on advanced analytics of users’ profile, extracted automatically from various data sources, the inference mechanism built in the European qualifications ontology ESCO and a complex technology stack. Besides students and high school pupils, the system will have several other stakeholders as well: career counselling centres from high-schools and universities, who will automate their services, higher education institution which will increase their graduation rate, government, which will not spend money on undecided students, companies which will have skilled and passionate employees. The system will exploit the latest technologies, e.g. semantic web, ontologies, social network connectors, and modern data analytics application programming interfaces. The system is especially good for engineering education, where the drop-out rate is higher than in other domains, because students choose this domain for its financial benefits and not because of their aptitudes. The intricacy of choosing a career path causes confusion, anxiety, lack of fulfilment within a study path or workplace, possibly leading to a lack of academic or job performance, motivation, and even studies abandonment. With the current Digital Era, the workforce demand is more dynamic than ever, and career possibilities exploded from formal employment options to freelancing and self-employment. Thus, students and young professionals construct their careers through a dynamic and multiplex process that allows for development and shifts, valuing both flexibility and a challenging environment, as well as stability and predictability. An automated guiding system as we proposed could support them continuously and provide them the help they need.

A new institutional approach to the study of the Soviet-type economy

Author(s): Tamara TODOROVA,Aleksandar Vasilev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The paper analyses the transaction cost of economizing and efficiency-enhancing effects of the Soviet-type economy. The last 30 years of transition have seen the failure of market reforms in many industries in what are traditionally non-market economies. We argue that centralized, command-and-control systems are wealth maximizing in the conditions of persistent transactional and behavioural failures. With its centralism, strict hierarchy, and monopoly over information, the Soviet-type economy was able to produce significant output. We emphasize the role of centralism in coordinating economic activities, curbing opportunism, and facilitating information flow. In highly opportunistic societies where the transaction costs of market operation are significant, centralized systems are more efficient than decentralized, democratic systems based on free-market rules.

A qualitative study of UNHCR’s employment and professional development programmes for refugees

Author(s): Péter Karácsony,Sara Shaltout / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The purpose of this study was to review literature on career management for refugees and identify the challenges refugees face in terms of crafting a successful career. The paper further examined career management and professional development programmes UNHCR offers to refugees to make recommendations to improve them in alignment with organizational and refugees’ needs. Semi-structured interviews were used in the qualitative research, the study population consisted of 18 individuals. Key findings suggest that UNHCR’s employment and education programmes are in high demand among the refugee community and they contribute to personal development and capacity building. However, by improving them and providing additional opportunities, the organization could make even better use of refugees’ skills and develop them to ensure their career growth. Moreover, the UN Refugee agency should serve as a good example for companies and organizations in employing and training forcibly displaced people.

A study of semiology and socio-economic factors in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures from a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India

Author(s): Rajalaxmi Satapathy,Pitamber Behuria / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) is a non-epileptic event which needs to be differentiated from epileptic seizures and poses a diagnostic challenge. It has psychological etiology without any associated abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. We have tried to explain in detail the semiology and socioeconomic factors of patients presenting with the diagnosis of PNES to our hospital so that it will help in early diagnosis and prevent unnecessary antiepileptics use. This is a retrospective study. We have included all patients admitted to the Neurology Department of Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS) during 2020-2021 and discharged with a diagnosis of PNES. Those having associated epileptic events were excluded from the study. All events were categorized as hypermotor, hypomotor and sensory symptoms as per the patient’s presentation as there is no universal classification system for PNES. A total of 50 patients were included in the study. Of them 70% had PNES of hypermotor and 30% of hypomotor type. The mean number of events in the hypomotor group was significantly higher than that in the hypermotor group. The hypomotor variety was found predominantly in females and hypermotor in males. Overall, 10% of the patients had a history of epilepsy in one of the family members. A total of 74% patients had associated anxiety, depression or post-traumatic stress disorder. Hypermotor events were more common than hypomotor events. Hypomotor events were found mostly in females. Most of the patients had pre-existing anxiety, depression, or posttraumatic stress disorder as underlying risk factors.

A unified methodology in the application of the comparative approach

the necessity of buildings valuations in Albania

Author(s): Elfrida SHEHU / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2022

As real estate is one of the most valuable assets of any state and any individual, the valuation process takes on a special significance. Valuations are required of different interests in different types of property for different purposes. Among the methods used to determine the value of a property, the simplest and most direct method of valuation is direct comparison. The method is based on comparing the property to be valued with similar properties and the prices achieved for them, and allowing for differences between them to determine the market value. The art of the comparison method is the discovery of relevant data and the subsequent analysis. Comparison can be defined as ‘the act of comparing’ and to compare as “to examine in order to observe resemblances or differences”. As property is unique, no two are truly the same, the problem lies in the adjustment to be made to the comparable to fit the property being valued.Are known and accepted (within certain limits) the differences in the values reported by different appraisers for the same property and for the same purpose of valuation , but daily contacts with appraisers and appraisals prove that there are significant differences in the reported values. These changes are not simply the result of judgments of different appraisers, but mainly the result of changes in the methodologies used for evaluation.In this perspective the paper proposes the use of a unified methodology in the application of the direct comparison method in order to narrow such differences. The study includes residential and commercial buildings in the Tirana City.

Active Ageing Index as a Tool for Country Assessment and Comparison: The Case of the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Author(s): Marcela Petrová Kafková / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The Active Ageing Index was developed as a tool to monitor the potential for active and healthy ageing among European countries and to identify strengths and weaknesses in the country. It is used for policy setting in the ageing agenda. However broadly used, some methodological issues remain, and caution is necessary with its interpretation. Comparison of two countries is used for discussion of these issues. The Czech Republic and Slovakia shared a long history, joined in one state as Czechoslovakia. The current generations of older adults have spent most of their lives in that shared country. Yet, the now separate countries differ substantially in their positions in the Active Ageing Index, with Slovakia ranking much lower than the Czech Republic. In this article, the causes of the differences between the two countries are researched using a thorough comparison of survey indicator rankings, and explained with statistical data and the European Values Study survey 2017. Particular attention is paid to the indicators with the lowest and highest rankings. The results show surprisingly minor differences in most indicators. The most significant difference lay in older adults' employment and health situation, with Slovakia ranking lower. Together, these indicators are very powerful in the overall ranking of the Active Ageing Index.

Activitatea parohială și consângenitatea familiei preoțești Pop-Bociat din Clopotiva secolului al XIX-lea

Author(s): Cosmin Panturu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 12/2021

The township of Clopotiva from Hațeg County benefited from two complex studies on village life, completed in the first half of the 20th Century, under the auspice of the Romanian Academy, titled: Clopotiva: a village from Hațeg, two volumes published in 1940, in Bucharest, under the supervision of Ion Conea; together with: Anthropological Research in Hațeg Country: Clopotiva, A Monography, published in Bucharest, 1958, under advisement from Șt. M. Milcu and Horia Dumitrescu. These are references to places, habits, traditions, and family genealogies during that period, also recalling some particulars of the religious life up to that point in time.In that community there was a traditional medieval stone church. At the middle of the 16th Century, the edifice was taken over by the reformist church. However, disputes between Calvinist “Magyar Nemeși” [refers to Hungarian (Magyar) nobility] and the orthodox village congregation (latterly, The United Church) were avoided by switching ownership back and forth until the year 1759, when there was a canonic visit by bishop Petru Pavel Aron. The edifice no longer served its religious function, and was demolished in 1860, while a Calvinist church was built the same year, which was transferred to the Orthodox Church in 1957, under the protection of Pious Saint Paraskeva. Romanians were compensated for the donated edifice through a land donation from the reformed vice-chairman Pogány Iános. On that land, the present-day church was built between 1768-1770, dedicated to St. John The Baptizer, under the shepherding of united priest Ioan Popa. The church turned orthodox after 1948.This paper aims to face readers with the parochial activity in the same location - this time during the 19th Century - focusing on the Pop-Bociat religious family, which managed to leave a significant imprint (spiritual and material) on the shepherded religious community. Using novel published documents from various national archives, it was possible to recreate the blood relationship between clerics Mihail and Avel Pop-Bociat, the latter promoted parish priest in Grădiște (Sarmizegetusa) and dean of Ulpia Traiana.Of course, this presented study can be continued with dates lost in other archives, patiently waiting to be of a use which can be an enhancement - either by confirming, or contradicting hereby presentation.

Actual Vectors of Research in the Doctrine of the Judiciary

Author(s): Valentyna M. SKRYPNIUK,M. Bulkat,Serhii A. DROBOTOV / Language(s): English Issue: 45/2019

The ways in which international entities and the judiciary function are of global importance. Each state has different strategies for resolving and developing the activities of national judicial systems, ways of executing decisions, investigating subjects, and ways of exercising judicial power. This article explores the ways and effectiveness of implementing the mediation institute and mediation judges using the Ukrainian space. The authors examined the models of mediation, the levels of responsibility of the subject-carrier of mediation powers, the functional potential of mediation. The article also gives examples of integration of national judicial systems into the international system. As a result of the study, the authors outline ways to introduce mediation and select appropriate models and outline key approaches of correlation of national judicial systems with intergovernmental bodies and coordination of national judicial systems with judicial authorities. This article may form the basis for further exploration of the doctrines of the judiciary.

Adoption and Exploitation of Online Banking Services by the Elderly

Author(s): Aleksandar Erceg,Jovanka Damoska Sekuloska,Ivana Čandrlić Dankoš / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Online banking is considered one of the main contributions of the Internet to global society. Adoption of online banking services could be recognized as one of the metrics for digital inclusion of the population, especially for the elderly. Notably, the value of online banking services is considered significant and worthwhile during the pandemic period. Online banking is becoming increasingly crucial for the elders to meet their demands for high-quality, low-cost, and secure services. This study investigates online banking services among the elderly in Macedonia and Croatia, and compares the results with EU members. Through the survey analysis and available secondary data, the objectives are to identify differences in online banking services among the elderly and recognize the issues that influence the embracement of the digitalization of the banking services in the examined countries. The results have detected the gap existing in the adoption of online banking services and revealed the emerging, growing trend in the exploitation in all the examined countries.

AFFORDABILITY CRISIS AND GENTRIFICATION IN FDI EXPORT-LED ECONOMIES: PRICES IN THE DEMAND-DRIVEN HOUSING MARKET OF CLUJ-NAPOCA

Author(s): Norbert Petrovici,Vlad Bejinariu,Diana Marțiș,Vlad Aluaș / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

This paper examines the rapid increase of prices in the residential sector of Cluj-Napoca in the context of the housing affordability crisis (Wetzstein, 2017). By using insight from the Growth Regimes literature, we look at the internal demand as a main driver of rapid price rise. As Kohl and Spielau (2018) argue, the monetary conditions needed for export-led growth regimes are restricting the outputs of the construction sector, creating under-supplied, demand-driven housing markets. We propose three alternative hypotheses regarding the major agent driving the prices within the city as major source of demand: the employees in knowledge-intensive services, the diffuse regional savings of employees in search for some yields, the specialized real estate investors. We use OLS and spatial regression (lag and error) to model the price per square meter using the social composition of the neighbourhoods, the within and out-of-town origin of investors, and the source of money (bank loans vs. cash payment) to demonstrate that the existing crisis is driven by the middle class’s savings that also benefits from gentrification, while speculative investments in the housing markets are rather limited.