Author(s): Liudmyla Pyliavets / Language(s): Ukrainian
/ Issue: 2/2013
Relevance of the study of the nature and content of globalization from the perspective of cultural theory is defined in the article due to the speed and scale of social and cultural change, the dominance of integrative tendencies in culture, the intensity of cultural interaction, cultural identification needs sharpening and more. It is noted that, despite the fact that the problems of globalization are the most debated in the scientific community, major changes in the structure of the modern world order, which is called globalization cannot be unambiguous theoretical interpretation. Emphasized that as the complexity of the process of globalization is reflected in a large array of scientific material from political science, economics, cultural studies, sociology, history, philosophy, anthropology, ecology, computer science and other scientific disciplines, this leads to different, sometimes very contradictory, understanding of the characteristics and features of globalization. Globalization is discussed in the article as an objective process that is characterized today its new features, the scale and depth of expression impact on all spheres of modern society and especially in the sphere of culture. The analysis of the concept of globalization in terms of cultural aspects, including concept, according to which globalization is seen as a linear process, the concept of "world-system model", which is an attempt to explain global inequality, the concept of interaction between civilizations and cultures, whereby each civilization creates its global "challenges" and his "response" to the "challenges" of other civilizations, as well as the concept of modeling global culture. Regarding forecasts and scenarios of the future of culture in terms of globalization, the article pointed out that they are quite controversial, but for the whole variety of opinions about the future of world culture, most scholars leaning towards the dialogue of cultures, eliminating violence and oppression as the most appropriate method of integration. Identified the main characteristics of globalization: unification, integration, information, large-scalition. Thus, observed that computerization, being an important factor in globalization promotes integration of nations into the global system, the expansion of cultural contacts between peoples, migration. Among others, the contradictory impact on the cultural development of the information society and the need for in-depth study of this process, particularly in view of the emergence of phenomena such as virtualization culture. It is noted that the density of cultural relations accelerates the integration and unification. Last seen in the article as standardization of different national cultures, integration – the relationship between different parts and elements of culture that arises due to the similarity of the basic elements of culture and minor differences. In turn, the unification of powerful channel through the media flows smoothly into the process large-scalition culture that encompasses all modern societies. Attention is paid that westernization as the spread of powerful Western mass culture and the displacement of other crops will cause resistance and generate many conflicts, because many people do not want to give up their traditions, art, religion and other forms of spiritual culture that they are close and which they feel comfortable. The findings indicated that globalization in its meaning and essence is a new level of human activity associated with the latest achievements of science and technology, and is characterized global scale activities. The processes of globalization, on the one hand, provide new opportunities for the development of human culture and cognition through multicultural world, and on the other – involving unification and universalization of social and cultural diversity in the interests of the dominant countries. It is noted that the globalization of the late XX century – beginning of the XXI century not only extends the territorial scope and space economy, communications, security, and seeks to combine many links these spaces into a single cultural space.
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