Around the Bloc: Lithuania Faces a “Cauliflower Revolution”
Outrage over high supermarket prices leads to a boycott and, maybe just maybe, lower prices.
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Outrage over high supermarket prices leads to a boycott and, maybe just maybe, lower prices.
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In the era of the information society and dynamic development of educational services orientation to the youngest client as a consumer of economic knowledge is becoming increasingly important. Children’s University of Economics (EUD) as a national economic education project for pupils of fifth and sixth grades of primary schools, acting on the basis of the social marketing concept and affiliate marketing, builds positive relationships between universities and the environment. Universities, local environment and business practice are the three pillars of the EUD project. Learning economics through play – edutainment formula: lectures, workshops, presentations of works is an innovative idea for the acquisition and improvement of economic knowledge as well as teamwork training. Positive results of project evaluation among children and their parents argue the rightness of the project implementation and the cooperation extension.
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Social media are now present in almost every market. Their importance grows along with gaining an increasing number of users. The popularity of social media is huge. It must have business consequences, especially in the area of marketing. Interesting phenomenon in the area of social media are blogs. The article shows a marketing dimension to the functioning of social media. The aim of the article was to present the social media, especially blogs, in the context of their marketing usability.
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The main objective of this paper is to show the importance of promotional and marketing activities that determine the functioning of the innovative integration links in agribusiness. Conducted targeted determine not only their effective functioning, but also the dynamic expansion of cluster initiatives. It should be emphasized that a properly functioning cluster structures affect not only the competitiveness of the region, but also for local economic development, regional and international.
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The development of VHS market in Poland can be roughly divided into two main periods: first (1980-1988) is the one when that area of pop culture first came into existence and shaped, second (1988-1992) is the "video boom" era. In the years 1980-1988 the video market developed thanks to the cunningness and resourcefulness of a large number of people who succumbed to the magic of that new medium. They worked almost entirely illegally because the market was not being regulated by any legal norms and the cassettes that were being produced were of a very low quality. In the years 1988-1992 the VHS market was on a very high demand. Significant piracy-limiting legal norms were introduced and professional production and distribution companies began to play a larger role than before. Renting VHS s and watching movies on one's own TV set became a massive phenomenon. The article is an attempt to tell the unknown story of video-cassettes in Poland – methods of their dissemination, mechanisms of VHS market and influence on Polish audience.
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Management in territorial self-governments is today under influence of the two phenomena: globalisation and “localness”. On the one hand, more and more people are looking for the same goods, services and values, while, on the other hand, there can be observed exposure of what is specific, original, local. According to “localness”, a greater power is assigned to towns and municipalities, according to the principle of local communities’ self-determination. At the intersection of these two planes – global and local – there has even appeared a new term, glocalisation, emphasising complementarity of the process of globalisation and an ever growing importance of the local development. Globalisation has strengthened competitiveness of towns/cities and regions. Therefore, local authorities have today to exhibit more market approach, understanding and meeting needs of various groups of interests. In her article, the author reminds the origin of the theory of territorial marketing and points out to it as the managerial theory to be used in practice by local authorities.
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New technological possibilities, digitalization and media convergence lead to increased competition on television market and new challenges for media groups and enterprises. In the case of media market we are dealing with something called dual product market. There are two distinguished basic groups of consumers: individual consumers (viewers) and institutional buyers – advertisers and sponsors. Media groups have to choose between two strategies: the mass market strategy (broadcasting) and the diverse marketing strategy based on the segmentation of television market (narrowcasting). The decreasing role of mass audience leads to launching new thematic stations and growth in their importance.
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The role of air transport in the development of tourism has been crucial for the last decades. Among others, it opens the tourist market for new destinations, and induces the development of tourist infrastructure and tourist services. The main purpose of the article was to investigate the influence of air transport on tourism in one of the world’s most important tourist destinations – Spain. A brief historical background was provided. The authors then analyzed the functioning of the most important part of the infrastructure, i.e. airports in Spain, in the context of passenger transport, tourist motivations or preferred tourist destinations. The study indicates that Spain, located peripherally on the European continent and receiving more than 60 million international tourists per year, owes its success to the air connections. New destinations appeared on the tourist map of Spain that had earlier been less accessible for international and national tourists. Tourism in Spain is based in 80% on air transport, which is the reason for its dynamic development.
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The purpose of the study is to assess the consumers’ perceived service quality levels towards national and local retailers. To reach this aim, four main hypotheses were tested. A questionnaire was formed to collect the data needed to test the hypotheses. The questionnaire was carried out to the 211 consumers who have shopped both from local and national FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) selling retailers. Convenience sampling methods was used in the study, picking voluntary costumers from either kind of retailers. The results indicate that, perceived service quality levels for national and local retailers are significantly different for Physical Aspects and Problem Solving dimensions. The results for Customer Interest and Personal Interaction dimensions were insignificant. Thus, according to the results, two hypotheses of the study were supported while two of them rejected.
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Online advertising is characterized by the global reach. If a corporationoperates in many geographic markets, it can apply a uniform marketing communicationstrategy, the main channel of which will be the internet. Will it achieve the same effectin every country? The purpose of the paper is to present the results of the research onthe measurement of customer attitudes in two countries ‒ Poland and Great Britaintowards online advertising, taking into account demographic characteristics. The authorsformulated the following research hypothesis ‒ the internet has contributed to theassimilation of buyers' behavior regardless of origin but cultural determinants imply thereception of advertising. The paper uses the results of conducted own research and secondaryresearchers.
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The nature of industrial products, their value and the heterogeneity of industrial clients have significant effects on the organisational purchasing process. Therefore, marketers need to understand why businesses make purchases, without which they will not be able to respond adequately and in due time to customers’ needs. The purpose of the study was to identify and examine internal and external factors that influenced organisational buying behaviour. Specifically, the study explored the role of the decision making unit and its composition as well as the effects of product brand on industrial purchase decision. The method employed entailed a detailed review of the organisational purchasing behaviour literature over time and space in both developing and developed countries, highlighting key variables that determine industrial buying decisions. The results revealed that individual characteristics, composition and membership of the buying centre, the structure of the firm as well as the environment within which the company operates have significant effects on business to business buying decisions. Furthermore, the brands of products offered by marketers were found to provide significant benefits to buying organisations in terms of value, functionality, performance and overall competitive advantage. Owing to the multitudinous factors that impinge on the organisational buying process, it is recommended that industrial buyers should manage effectively the internal variables within their companies to reduce the risks and uncertainties associated with the ever changing business environment in order to maintain competitive advantage.
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The aim of this article is to analyze the discourse presented in the text of journalist Dorota Szadkowska Synthetics and Naturals: Today, the Choice of Cosmetics – as Well as Life Choices – Determines Beliefs, published on the „Wysokie Obcasy” website in July 2015. The journalist made a comparison between two types of cosmetics – synthetic and natural. The work concerns on such issues as discourse, open and hidden goals of the article, broadcaster of media messages, audience, media image of the world, independence of media experts, cooperation with public relations specialists.
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The basic thesis contained in this publication is the conviction that commercial can be treated as a mirror of a modern man. It is created as a result of detailed research and its aim is to reach a precisely defined recipient. The article contains the results of the analysis of character traits found in commercials. The aim of the study is to answer the question whether the hero of commercials has the features of a postmodern man. The starting point is the psychological theory of Zygmunt Bauman and the subject of research are television commercials, and in particular their visual and verbal layers.
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In 2018, Turkey realized 168 billion US Dollars of export. If we keep in mind the fact that only 10,4% of the export is realized with cash in advance (TT Payment), the importance of the export financing is revealed. Firms use different financing methods for financing export. Some of these methods are the equity, Eximbank loans, Factoring, Forfaiting and commercial bank loans. The aim of this study is to determine the most frequently used financing methods in export finance and the criteria that they take into consideration while selecting the financing method. For this purpose the Promethee method, which is one of the multi-criteria decision making methods, has been used. The criteria, which the firms give the most importance to, are cost, duration and ease whereas the most frequently used export method have been banks, leasing, equity financing and Turkish Eximbank credits. It is expected to make a significant contribution to both the practitioners and the literature with the help of this study.
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Changes in today's economic conditions have led companies to different financial practices and in some cases to obligations. Especially economic fluctuations and changes in exchange rates affect the business world in a negative way. In this context, the concepts of concordat and fight against inflation, which are frequently heard today, have started to attract both companies and consumers. Specifically in the construction sector, the number of companies declaring concordat is quite high compared to other sectors. In this study, the effects of the construction companies' fully fledged fight against inflation, concordat declaration and delivery status of the houses preferences, on the attitude of consumers towards the company, in respect to trust and perceived financial risk of consumers are examined. One of the most interesting results of the study is that if a construction company that declares a concordat, does not participate in the fully fledged fight against inflation program, whether the company delivers their homes immediately or not have no significant effect on the consumer's perception of the financial risk.
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Women are an important part of today's business life. Nevertheless, research shows that gender discrimination is a frequently encountered problem in working life. These findings, however, focus on gender discrimination within the enterprise. In other words, gender discrimination practices that may exist during recruitment and placement before employment are relatively neglected in the literature. The aim of the study, in the framework of the ads and civil engineering context of Turkey, is to reveal whether there is gender discrimination in the job advertisements, which is the first stage of the recruitment process. Within the scope of the study, 112 civil engineering advertisement published on www.kariyer.net between 01-31 January 2019 has been examined by using content analysis method. Analysis shows that almost all of the job advertisements contain masculine / feminine expressions. Accordingly, it has been determined that the job advertisements examined are generally shaped by taking into consideration the masculine qualities in a way that will give advantage to male candidates. As a result of the study, it was concluded that direct and indirect gender discrimination was made in the job advertisements examined.
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The main purpose of the study is to determine the perspectives of e-commerce of olive and olive products enterprises operating in Edremit Gulf Region. In order to obtain the data related to the research, face to face survey method was applied to 102 olive and olive products enterprises selected by easy sampling method. In this study, crosstabs, validity, reliability and t-test and variance analyses were performed. According to the descriptive findings of the enterprises, 68.9% of the companies employ between 1 and 19 people. When the legal structures of the enterprises are examined, it is seen that the highest ratio is individual enterprise with 31.1%. It has been concluded that 75.9% of the enterprises have been operating for more than 15 years and 79.3% of the companies have web sites. In addition, it was found that businesses use the internet mostly for, message, e-mail sending / receiving” service and although they are aware of the benefits of e-commerce, they do not use e-commerce enough for product sales. As a result of the research, no statistically significant difference was found in terms of the level of benefit expected from e-commerce in terms of legal structures, number of employees and duration of operations.
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Purpose – This study aims to explore the impact of innovation capabilities on innovation performance and organizational performance, and to analyze the mediating role of innovation performance in the relationship between innovation capabilities and organizational performance in public sector organizations in Turkey. Design/methodology/approach – 98 questionnaires from 37 public sector organizations have been collected to provide data for testing the relational research model. Findings – Results indicate statistically significant relationships between various innovation capabilities (i.e. marketing capability, strategic planning capability, learning capability, production capability and research and development capability) and organizational performance. Additionally, a positive relationship between innovation performance and organizational performance has been detected. Results showed no significance with regard to the mediating role of innovation performance.
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This paper discusses the appearance of taboo topics in social advertising. It analyses the taboos employed by the authors of social campaigns in order to raise awareness of social issues relevant to their contemporary society. The corpus comprises slogans from French, Italian and Polish social campaigns.
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This study updated the Crawl, Walk, Run methodology framework (CWRM) for the current digital marketing circumstances, observed in the context of the artistic community in virtual space. Four main premises of CRWM have been considered in order to address the effectiveness of online campaigns based on the laddering support through tiers of engagement (personal, social, advocating); empowering super users; providing source materials for user-generated content; and using tools people are familiar with. The analysis was performed on the data collected from the online community which has operated for 43 days. Data on the number of registered users, their interactions with web site content and showcased artworks were gathered. The specific online platform was created for the purpose of this research and the campaign for its promotion was conducted both in Serbia and globally. The materials for direct communications (email, instant messaging), social media promotion (social networks, blogs) and public relations (articles in online and traditional media) were created. CRWM was proved to be efficient framework for the establishment of online presence of the artistic community. However, we propose that social networks should be introduced in the stage three instead of in the stage four, due to the increase of their applications compared to the time when the CRWM was formulated. All activities once they start should be maintained and performed throughout the campaign lifetime. This study represents one of the first efforts aimed at updating of the CRWM theoretical framework and provides business community with hands-on solutions in modern digital marketing.
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