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Доказова база для висновків та пропозицій під час аудиту ефективності

Author(s): Vitalii Abasov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 30/2016

The aim of the article is to deepen the methodical bases of performance audit in the formation and using of audit evidence to develop conclusions and proposals. The article defines audit procedures and audit evidence under performance audit, develops the methodical tools for performance audit as a template to generate conclusions and proposals on the basis of the received evidence. It has been established that it is worth considering the assessment of adequacy, efficiency and compliance of audit evidence under performance audit for the preparation of accounting documents and their submission for discussion in the working group. It has been considered that the audit evidence is mostly of documentary or calculated character. The performance audit objectives determine the reliability and relevance of audit evidence.The template for generating the results of performance audit on the basis of the audit evidence is developed and set forward. The information put together by auditors under the template involves the coordination of audit results, good practice, expected outcomes for the purpose of performance audit and tasks, set to achieve it. The template allows members of the audit team and other stakeholders having a spatial understanding of grounds of the findings and their components.

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An etymological approach to the Moldavian chart of accounts

Author(s): Radu-Daniel Loghin / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2016

Empirical research in accounting history can help the scholar gain a better insight into the various cultural influences that shape the reasoning of accounting professionals. An empirical approach to accounting history can provide an additional dimension to the context which shapes the underlying principles and practices. This paper proposes an etymological analysis performed on the chart of accounts from the Republic of Moldova since March 2015, with the purpose of identifying the various layers of the accounting terminology and their probable corresponding periods in history. The research reveals a surprising linguistic profile which has not been influenced significantly by the Soviet Union, with major influences being drawn from the 19th and early 20th centuries.

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The Effect of Budgeting Participation, and Slack Budget in Relationship Between Politic, Culture, and Regulation to Financial Performance

Author(s): : Mediaty,: Mushar,Gagaring Pagalung,Imran Haliah / Language(s): English Issue: 48/2017

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the causes of the budgetary slack and its impact on performance. Specifically the purpose of this study to analyze the influence of information asymmetry, cultural, political, regulatory, budgetary participation on budgetary slack and performance in local government. Studies in order to develop models pengangaran good (good governance budgeting). Using the survey method and the research instrument in questionare tested using PLS. The results showed that the political, cultural, regulation significant effect on budgetary slack. The third structural coefficient of the relationship is positive, indicating that all three positive relationship. That is, the higher the political, cultural, regulatory, will result in the higher budgetary slack. Thus if you want to reduce the budgetary slack needs to reduce the problems of politics, culture and regulations. Other results obtained: (A) political, cultural, regulatory, significant effect on performance either directly or indirectly through budgetary slack. Sixth structural coefficient of the relationship is positive, indicating that all six positive relationship. (B) information asymmetry and budgetary slack significant effect on performance. The second structural coefficient correlation is positive, indicating that both positive relationship. (C) budgeting participation moderating influence budgetary slack variables that are false and strengthen moderation.

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Innovation Management in the Oil and Gas Industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Author(s): Anel D. Yeleukulova,Kasiya A. KIRDASINOVA,Mafura K. Uandykova,Nikolai V. Uvitsa,Muratpek V. Mukhambekov,Venera T. Balgabayeva,Aida M. Balkibayeva / Language(s): English Issue: 48/2017

Up until now, the oil and gas industry formed almost a third of the gross domestic product of Kazakhstan. In addition to stable cash inflows to the state budget, oil and gas companies provide infrastructural development of the regions and the development of other sectors of the Kazakh economy; therefore, study and research of the republic's oil and gas industry in the current environment is quite relevant. This article provides a literature review of domestic and foreign authors, who conducted study of innovation management, and oil and gas industry in various aspects of economic development of the world economy. The article gives an analytical overview of the current condition and future directions of oil and gas industry in Kazakhstan. Characteristic features of administrative processes in the real economy have been portrayed. The authors of the article studied the conceptual approaches to oil and gas factory control based on the state support for the development of priority sectors, including for investment attraction. Due to conducted research, the following results have been produced: theoretical and methodological aspects of the study of the system of oil and gas factory of the Republic of Kazakhstan systematized, based on which the conclusions are made to improve the management oil and gas factory of the republic.

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Infrastructure-Driven Development Policies: An Empirical Impact Analysis

Author(s): Giacomo Di Foggia / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2016

One of the paradigms of the Infrastructure- driven development concept is the idea that public policies shall direct consistent resources towards infrastructures to stimulate growth in economically lagging regions. Nonetheless, despite the general macro implications for growth demonstrated by several studies, the impact of infrastructure on local growth need further evidence and specific methodology for micro- level analysis. This paper focuses on the financing and development of the so- called social, economic and territory infrastructures. Financing and incentives for infrastructure development require specific policies; among such policies there is the negotiated planning. Based on an empirical analysis, the paper evaluates their effectiveness. Projects are analyzed in terms of structures taxonomy and how they are intended to meet identified problems. Factors associated with success in terms of economic development are discussed. Results suggests that the scope and purpose of projects as well as the level of agreement between stakeholders drive positive outcomes.

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Methodological Approaches to Assessment for the Economic Effects of the State's Participation in Integration Processes

Author(s): Sergey Vsevolodovich Shkodinsky,Igor Anatolyevich Prodchenko / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2016

The scientific article actualizes the problem of assessment of the economic effects of the countries’ participation in integration processes; the purpose of the study is to develop methodological approaches to assessment and forecast of the economic effects (positive and negative) received by the Russian Federation from participation in the global integration processes. The methodology of the study is based on the use of methods of logical, structural, comparative, economic and statistical analysis. The scientific, analytical and reference materials of the Russian and foreign authors, as well as official statistical data of Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, foreign countries and international organizations were used in preparation of the paper. The most important scientific results include the development of methodological approaches to assessment of the economic effects received by the Russian Federation from participation in the global integration processes. The scientific novelty includes systematization of various options of application of the index approach for assessment of the effects of the regional economic integration; disclosure of the peculiarities of the technique of assessment of the impact of elimination of the financial and administrative barriers to the movement of goods between the Customs Union member states; description of the procedure of application of the technique of the effect analysis based on allocation of sensitive product groups; application of the technique of assessment of the effects of Russia's participation in the integration processes on the basis of descriptive approach.

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Accounting and Analytical Procurement of Predictive Appraisal of Synergistic Effect in Small Business Construction Companies

Author(s): Liliya Alexandrovna Zimakova,Svetlana Nikolaevna Kovalenko,Alla Alexandrovna Udovikova,Natalia Nikolaevna Kravchenko,Victoria Borisovna Malitskaya / Language(s): English Issue: 43/2016

The need to form the synergy is observed in the event of circumstances related primarily to cost saving, increase in market prices, etc. Notably, the interested user groups exercise their own approach to the assessment of financial results. This study is aimed at the formation of accounting and analytical systems of predictive consolidated balance sheets, in accordance with certain trends of the synergistic effect. Based on this, the cluster analysis combined with the analysis of the portfolio of works performed by the development and construction companies was carried out, the business strategies and their relationship with the accounting processes were defined, the main trends of preparation and evaluation of the synergistic effect were formed, the value chains were analyzed. The steps formed in the framework of assessment of the predictive synergistic effect predetermine the direction of the emergence of the synergistic effect and the speed of calculation of the predictive economic effect by the trends, and determine the impact of the planned operations on the financial condition of the development and construction company and the net asset value, allowing to make the right management decision. The formation of the main trends of the synergistic effect is aimed primarily at harmonization of accounting and analytical information as the basis for the competent business management.

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Modern approaches when teaching economics in terms of constructive education. Accounting

Author(s): Oana Drăgan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 31/2014

The quick development of science and technique within the information society we live in automatically involves the necessity of paradigm shift in the making of the young generation. At a European level, there is an interest for the use of participative teaching strategies based on experiments, cooperation and the stimulation of creativity. We are, thus, in a situation that must lead to rethinking the teaching strategies in order to ensure a natural dynamics in the evolution of our education system. The current article wants to underline the need for using the constructive strategies when studying Economics, as well as the feedback of the participants in this new teaching, respectively learning process. The objective will be met with the help of an empirical study carried out in a High School of Economics.

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Cantonal Convergence in Ecuador: A Spatial Econometric Perspective

Author(s): Rodrigo Mendieta Muñoz,Nicola Pontarollo / Language(s): English Issue: 39/2016

The paper analyses the convergence process of Ecuadorian cantons during the period 2007-2012 accounting for the role of spatial spillovers through using spatial econometrics. The advantage of this technique is to provide reliable estimations because it takes into account the spatial interaction in the territory. In addition, it allows identifying clusters of cantons characterised by similar spatial patterns that can be interpreted as convergence clubs because they represent areas with similar initial conditions in the “basin of attraction” that, according to economic theory, converge to a common steady state equilibrium. The results highlight that a convergence process is present, but it involves the cluster of most developed cantons. This opens various policy implications related to i) the capacity of cantons to take advantage from the positive dynamics of neighbours, ii) the persistence of development in some circumscribed areas, and iii) the spatial unbalanced development.

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The impact of controls on financial reporting quality

Author(s): Cecilia (DAMOC) Nica,Elena (STANCIU) Ionita / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 34/2015

The study identifies the impact of the internal and external control of the quality of financial reporting, considering the professional accountants’ opinions, evaluating the extent to which financial and nonfinancial information presented annually by companies represent a guarantee of compliance with the ethical principles of professionals, and also a transparency presentation of the economic activity, risk management, at the same time protecting the interests of stakeholders in the company. The quantitative analysis performed is based on a questionnaire applied to the professional accountants being conducted on a sample of companies in Romania, in various sectors and presents a comparative study of the importance of each type of internal and external control in the delivery of financial reports and non- annual companies, real and credible.

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Modèle d'analyse économétrique de la relation entre la productivité du travail et le salaire moyen brut dans l'industrie roumaine de la chaussure

Author(s): Sorin Briciu,Dimi Ofileanu / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2016

Le but de ce travail est de déterminer l'influence exercée par la productivité du travail sur le salaire moyen brut dans l'industrie roumaine de la chaussure. L'analyse effectuée s'étend sur une période de 10 ans, à partir de 2004 jusqu'à 2013, étant établi un modèle économétrique d'analyse de la relation entre la productivité du travail et le salaire moyen brut dans l'industrie de la chaussure de Roumanie. À partir des données empiriques analysées, ce travail répond à la question « Quelle influence exerce la productivité du travail de l'industrie roumaine de la chaussure sur le salaire moyen brut du secteur? » En plus de la spécification du modèle économétrique décrivant la relation entre les deux variables, dans ce travail est testée la validité du modèle et de l'intensité de la relation entre les deux variables.

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Accounting in World and in Ukraine – Retrospective Approach. Applied Science or Practical Activity?

Author(s): Ivan Derun,Iryna Sklyaruk / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2015

In this article it goes about the development of accounting from the standpoint of a scientific approach and practical activities. The main purpose of this study is to analyze this institution as an individual applied science. It was caused by multiple discussions in the academic circles about the place of accounting in science, as many economists share an idea that accounting is mostly a practical activity, not a scientific theory. This is due to the fact that the accounting practice is developing more rapidly than its theory. In the article, a special attention is paid to the study of the range of issues faced by the accounting theory, those it must solve as a result of new challenges in the economic reality, namely: the definition of a scientifically based methodology for determining fair value, the completeness of the information on intellectual capital in the reporting, a role of accounting as an entirely economic institution. Thus, it is reported in the article that accounting is an applied science, which in its research and own methodology has to use interdisciplinary tools to fight off these big challenges.

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Collaborative innovation through adjusting strategic intelligence capabilities on the software market

Author(s): Gianita Bleoju / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2014

The eforts focused on organizational performance diferential atempt to typify the firms’ portfolio of competence enables their propensity to dominate and sek continuity in the competive environment. Seing that modeling the knowledge resource alocation is merely necesary, not suficient, we advance some relevant solutions to capture valuable target markets through adjusting strategic inteligence capabilties, based on the valorization of Strategic Inteligence organizational profilng. We underline that knowledge capitalization on colaborative inovation acelerates the capture of valuable target segments and the firms’ capabilties to enable this performance diferentiator is reliant upon adjusting strategic inteligence instruments. The Inteligence Provider and Oportunistic Captor profiles of the Strategic Inteligence perspective, enabling the emergence of colaborative inovation networks wil stimulate the foresight capabilty of software firms, through asesing their propensity to exploit he benefits of colaborative inovation and perform simulations in order to atenuate the profile specifc competence gap.

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The performances assessment - assessment methods and techniques of the professional performances

Author(s): Loredana Văcărescu Hobeanu / Language(s): English Issue: 32/2015

The human resources management requires the continuous improvement of the employees ' activity in order to achieve the mission and organizational goals The advantageous use of the human resources management presupposes the existence of a system of performances assessment, of a system of the employees’ boost and of a reward results system. The professional performances assessment of the company staff is a concern of the human resources management, with the multiple implications on all the other activities of the organization, influencing in a considerable measure the organizational climate, because with the help of this there can be determined the degree to which its employees achieve their responsibilities. The need to appreciate the employees’ professional performances generated the elaboration of the multiple methods and techniques of staff appreciation and gave birth to the systems of the performances assessment. More and more organizations are currently aware that they must have implemented their own professional performances assessment system for the employees.

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Participatory local environmental management: institutional mechanisms, communication instruments and empowering medium

Author(s): Erika Lagzdina / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2011

During last 20 years Latvia has undergone numerous reforms in the public sector including: setting up of environmental sector, administrative territorial reforms, becoming EU member and others. Decentralization of environmental responsibilities towards local level in early 1990s was replaced by centralized planning during EU accession period, now we experience return to the controlled decentralization in environmental sector. Many municipal administrations who were facing persistent shortage of resources and knowledge had chosen minimalist approach – limited their activities to formal legal compliance and did not invested in development of local environmental capacity. However there are few forerunners bringing in various innovations to support local development through new governance solutions based on collaboration between stake-holders and community involvement. The article aims out at characterising external driving forces and finding internal (municipal) factors what influence environmentl management at local level turing it towards more participatory and collaborative way of local governance. Environmental communication, what is comprised of information, education, participation and environmentally friendly behaviour as four key components, uncontested is a policy instrument remarkably needed for developing public environmental awareness – a key precondition for sustainable development. But this is also an instrument to ensure better environmental considerations integration into decision–making in municipal administration and in its relations with local society. This is recognized by public administrations, which are extending use of communication tools beyond the scope of planning process and limitations set by the formal public participation methods defined in the laws. Building on 30 case studies explored with a set of qualitative research methods, this article reveals diversity of communication practices present in the Latvian municipalities, covering internal and external dimensions of organizational communication. Institutional mechanisms for collaborative decision making used complementary with communication instruments in the empowering local circumstances or medium are providing opportunities for wide stake– holders dialogue and prove to be significant factors for supporting participatory local environmental management.

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Applying Correlation Matrix to Identify the Main Factors Influencing Enterprise Performance and Their Utilization to Create Creditworthy Model

Author(s): Jarmila Horvathova,Gabriela Ižaríková,Martina Mokrisova,Alžbeta Suhányiová / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2014

Business performance measurement has become an important phenomenon of today. To measure the performance the variety of methods are used. In addition to the traditional methods, based on the calculation of the conventional indicators of ex- post and ex- ante financial analysis, the modern indicators are beginning to apply. These indicators include effects and risks of surroundings, sectoral indicators and also indicators focused on the future revenues and achievements resulting from the current decisions. The aim of this paper is to point out the performance of the selected industry in the Slovak Republic with the application of all abovementioned methods of the performance evaluation, principally the modern ones. Methods applied in this contribution include comparative analysis, method of scoring and correlation. When building a creditworthy model the method of comparison with mean values respectively the optimum values, as well as the method of scoring will be used. The research and measurements conducted will result in the proposal of the key performance indicators – financial and sectoral - for the given industry and the performance evaluation of the industry with regard to the EVA indicator.

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Quality of Corporate Governance and Financial Structure Choice in Developing Countries

Author(s): Bogdan Dima,Alin Ionescu,Petru Tudoreanu / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2013

A widely debated topic during the last years is represented by the choice of financial structure of companies, especially in developing countries, characterized by economies without a tough and a mature financial system. As well, the researchers’ attention is focused mostly on linkage between capital structure and firm performance, only few of them considering the influence of companies’ institutional architecture and the main features of their governance in selecting of their financial structure. Using especially data provided from World Bank Enterprise Surveys website, we studied the linkage between corporate governance quality and its ability to influence the financial structure of the companies in a dataset covering a number of 26 developing countries from Central and Eastern Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin America. The main output of the study consists in the fact that the financial structure of the companies in developing countries is considerable influenced by the corporate governance quality.

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Financial resource allocation in a project portfolio: analysing the necessity to integrate sustainability into resource allocation

Author(s): Nomeda Dobrovolskienė,Rima Tamošiūnienė / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

Resource allocation in a project portfolio is a complex decision-making process that is influenced by multiple and very often conflicting objectives. Furthermore, companies are coming under strong social pressure to integrate elements of sustainability into their decision-making process, which makes this process even more complex. Nowadays, the concept of sustainability is widely applied by many companies through their mission statement and strategy. It is also one of the most popular research fields for scholars. Despite the fact that sustainability is considered one of the most important challenges of our time, the integration of sustainability into project or project portfolio management (especially in resource allocation) is not fully recognised. This paper presents a literature-based analysis of the use of the sustainability concept in project management and therefore makes suggestions on how to integrate sustainability into resource allocation in a project portfolio.

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The influence of inflation on the real value of paid out dividends on the Warsaw stock exchange in the years 2000-2012

Author(s): Bartłomiej Jabłoński / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

The article describes the issue of inflation and its influence on the value of dividends received by investors. In addition, the topic of dividend policy in the conditions of high (double-digit) inflation is discussed. The impact of inflation on the real rate of return from investments should be taken into consideration by investors who invest both in bonds and in shares. Research shows that, whereas bond market investors understand the impact of inflation on discount rates, stock market investors do not account for the impact of inflation on future earnings growth (Chordia et al, 2005, p.554). On the basis of the conducted analyses the author concluded that in the 2000-2012 period, investors generally suffered a loss on the received dividend, if we quantified their size and attractiveness by means of a dividend rate. The objective of the article is the presentation of the issue of inflation from the point of view of dividends paid out by companies (Hazlitt, 2007, p.90, Rutkowski, 2007, p. 245, Sayek, 2009, p. 441) and an investor allocating financial means on the capital market (in shares of companies listed on the capital market and not in bonds. (Laatsch, 2013, pp. 54-59)). The following hypothesis was accepted in the article: H1: in the period 2000-2012 an effective real dividend rate for companies quoted on Warsaw Stock Exchange had a negative value.

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Marketing in the tax administration in Albania

Author(s): Elfrida Manoku,Mimoza Kalia / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

After the late 1970s the marketing discipline has known a considerable expansion and application not only in private sector but also in public or non-profit sector. Currently the debate is focused on how to better integrate the marketing concept and marketing function into the activities of government organizations as means of increasing the effectiveness of the delivery of public policy and citizens satisfaction. Public marketing is a new concept for the Albanian reality and very slowly is entering into the management approach. The aim of this paper is to evaluate how much is known and accepted the concept of marketing in the Albanian public sector and if this level of acceptance or rejection is reflected in the use of marketing strategies and tactics as instruments of public management. After a critical review of the literature about the last trends and research in this issue, qualitative methods are used through a case study in General Directorate of Taxation in Albania. In depth semi-structured interviews with several senior directors and officers were conducted to see the level of perceptions and practices thorough the major departments of this Institution. From the analysis of data gathered resulted that marketing is mostly equated with public relations function and was considered unnecessary and as a significant consumer of public funds. A number of recommendations are given on how to build an efficient marketing model for the General Directorate of Taxation in order to help increasing efficiency and quality of service to citizens.

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