Slovjacké regionálne hnutie v rokoch 1907 – 1918

Author(s): Veronika Gayer / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2014

The aim of the paper is to investigate the regional elite of Šariš and its weekly, Naša Zastava which was published in an Eastern Slovak dialect between 1907 – 1918. A considerable amount of Slovak and Hungarian works has been already published on the so-called Slovjak movement. The main sources of research were the documents of the so-called Public Educational Association of the Šariš County. The paper uses this organisation to examine the way how a regional elite contructs the imagined community of Eastern Slovak people before 1918.

Зборовете на межата. Междуселищни патронни празници у българските преселници в Бесарабия – наблюдения и хипотези

Author(s): Galin Georgiev,Elena Vodinchar / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

One of the typical and relatively stable features of the everyday life of the Bulgarianimmigrants in the historical and cultural region of Bessarabia are the patronal festivalsand customs held within the frameworks of the village, neighbourhood or familyand referred to as zbor/sabor (збор/събор), hram (храм), kurban (курбан), tsarkva(църква), panagir (панагирь), cherkuvane (черкуване), moleben (молебен) etc. Asfor the designation збор (a fair), it is clear that it precedes the Russian designationхрам (a patron saint’s day) which penetrates the region under study later on andwhich is widely used at present. What stirs up bigger interest is the fact that exceptfor village church festivals this term (as well as some of the other above-mentioned) was also used for intervillage festivals held at the landmark of the territories of two,three or more villages – the so-called fairs at the landmark also known as moleben orcherkuvane for rain and good health.As far as the patron saint’s day is a universal Christian phenomenon and stilla general practice in the villages of the region studied here, it could be assumedthat the gathering itself, the making of zbor (or moleben) at the landmark (at theborder between a group of villages), which is neglected today almost everywhere,is a form typical only of the immigrants (Bulgarians and Gagauzians) in Bessarabia.This practice attracts the attention with respect to its nature and development as partof the all-Bulgarian system of patronal village festivals as well as with relation tothe influences, changes and specifics through which it inevitably goes under theconditions of the many-tounged and polycultural environment of Bessarabia and theRussian Orthodox Christianity.The fieldwork materials collected so far do not allow a coprehensive and thickdescription of the phenomena intriguing us as well as a more elaborate analysis.That’s why the article only poses the problem or rather interpretes it in connectionwith some concepts of the kin and family-territorial patronal festivals and customswhich were formulated a long time ago in the Bulgarian science but which are stillrelevant.

„Балканските акценти“ на одеския „Привоз“: към въпроса за етническите компоненти в градската кухня

Author(s): Alexandr Prigarin / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

On the basis of written sources and field materials, the article examines the phenomenonof the “Odessa cuisine” as a regional complex of food. In the context of thehistorical dynamics, it shows the role of the Balkan traditions in the formation anddevelopment of the everyday culture of the inhabitants of Odessa. Special attentionis paid to the current state of the trade subculture and, respectively, to the systemof the food traditions in Odessa. In particular, the article shows that there are manyproducts introduced by natives from the Balkans (first of all, Greeks and Bulgarians):eggplants, tomatoes, cheese, corn, mutton, grapes, etc. The regional dishes perceivedas “Odessaian” but having roots in the ethno-cultures of the above-mentioned communities,are developed on this basis. The text shows also the “blue” (eggplants) invarious variations of preparation and the “pshonka” (corn). Beside the national, theprofessional mass cuisine is also analyzed (restaurant); in it the Balkan substratumhas found its place a long time ago along with the Jewish, Ukrainian and Moldavian.In the menu of these institutions, there are surely a number of dishes with Balkanorigins. On the other hand, it is worth characterizing the special national restaurantsof Odessa (Bulgarian, Gagauzian, Greek).

Българи в Словения. Първоначални наблюдения върху българската диаспора в Словения

Author(s): Mila Santova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

Календарната обредност на бесарабските българи в източници и научна литература

Author(s): Aleksandar Kovalov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

Slavic elements in the calendar rites of the Romanians of Bukovina

Author(s): Antoniy Moysey,Antonina Anistratenko,Tetyana Nykyforuk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This study is aimed at identifying the most noticeable Slavic elements in the calendar rites of Bukovyna. It analyzes material collected by Romanian researchers in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century (E. Niculiță-Voronca, T. Pamfile, L. Bodnărescu, А. Fochi, A. Zașciuc), documents from the Central Scientific Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Moldova, the New Linguistic Atlas of Romania, Moldova and Bukovyna (1987), as well as personal observations recorded by the authors of the study in Ukraine and Romania during ethnographic expeditions. In the calendar rites of the Romanians of Bukovyna, some clear Slavic elements can be identified, such as some names of calendar holidays, Ukrainian elements in such rites as koliada, the Christmas star, shchedruvannya. Ukrainian motifs of musical folklore in winter rites, as well as the use of the names of Ukrainian opryshky and haidamaky, the adaptation of the “walking with vertep”, the use of the term vidma of Ukrainian origin, the penetration of the name and main text of the Ukrainian Malanka, etc.

Малцинствената политика на ранната Tурска република (20-те и 30-те години на ХХ в.)

Author(s): Kalina Peeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

This article highlights the politics of the early Turkish governments towards various ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities living on the territory of the Republic of Turkey in the light of the principle of nationalism, which became one of the fundamental principles of the new Turkish state. Based on the achievements of modern historiography and the archive documents in the records of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Religions kept at the Central State Archives –Sofia, it makes a review of the typical practices aimed at assimilation of the Muslim linguistic, ethnic and denominational minorities, on one hand, and, on the other hand, at the exclusion of non-Muslims from the concept of the “Turkish nation” and the adoption of discriminatory, and even repressive practices, encouraging their emigration from the Republic of Turkey.

Resettlement of People of Russian Descent from Bulgaria to The Ukrainian SSR (1946 – 1947)

Author(s): Oleksandr Potylchak,Mykhailo Zhurba,Viktor Dotsenko / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The article examines one of the little-known and unexplored episodes of Soviet government campaigns for the re-emigration of Bulgarian citizens of Russian descent, who were deported to the Soviet Union in the autumn and winter of 1946 – 1947 and settled in the southern, south-eastern and western regions of Ukraine. The demographic statistics of the contingent of migrants, the circumstances of the transportation of ‘re-emigrants’ to Ukrainian ports, their distribution in the regions of the Ukrainian SSR, resettlement, housing and employment locally have been analyzed. The main sources of the study are the documents of the Department for Repatriation of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, which are stored in the funds of the Central State Archive of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine in Kyiv. They include records, directives, instructions, resolutions, reports, information, notices, letters and telegrams of the authorities of the USS Rand the Ukrainian SSR at various levels. These documents reveal the details of the preparation and implementation of the resettlement of hundreds of Bulgarian citizens of Russian descent to Ukraine in the autumn and winter of 1946 – 1947by the Stalinist authorities and provide statistics on the number, gender, age and occupation of ‘re-emigrants’, information on their transportation to Ukrainian ports, reception and accommodation of people in their new places of residence, the reaction of migrants to the actual living and working conditions in their new homeland. The vast majority of immigrants were associated with the Soviet Union only by the Russian descent of their ancestors, so one cannot call these people “repatriates”, as the Stalinist government did. Given the nature and consequences of this action of the Soviet totalitarian regime, we can rather talk about forced displacement on ethnic grounds.

Включване на общностите в процеса на опазване и социализация на наследство – правнонормативни документи на водещи международни организации

Author(s): Plamena Zayachka / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

This article explores the changing approaches to the preservation and socialization of cultural heritage. The analysis of the normative documents of the leading international organizations in the field of cultural heritage – from the 50s of the twentieth century to the present day – shows a slow transition to the integration of people and communities in the processes of its preservation. This transition has three main phases: from separation of people and communities from the heritage, through awareness and access to it, and finally, to inclusion in the decision-making process concerning cultural heritage protection. The article also examines where Bulgaria is in this process and how these changes in cultural policies affect the mechanisms of protection of our cultural heritage.

RECENT MINORITIES IN SIBIU. SIMILAR PROBLEMS, SIMILAR SOLUTIONS

Author(s): Nicoleta Annemarie Munteanu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The recent minorities in Sibiu are at an early stage in the development of organizational structures, trying to make their voice heard regarding certain issues that affect its members.This policy paper aims to facilitate the offer of public policies solutions for the recent minorities in Sibiu: Arab, Bessarabian, Ukrainian, and Chinese, to identify solutions that may have a common denominator, to establish a way of cooperation, and to inspire the development of joined projects. As a result of the workshop, the policy paper will be sent to the institutions and authorities with attributions in this field.

Tracing the Donbas miner movement’s role in Ukraine’s transition between 1989 and 1994

Author(s): Paweł Downarowicz / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The article explores the impact of the miner strike movement in Donbas on the post--communist transition in Ukraine from 1989 to 1994. By focusing on the Donbas strike movement, its relationship with the nationalist intelligentsia, and a later co-optation of its mobilizing potential by regional elites, it provides an analysis of the agency of bottom-up social forces operating within a particular cultural framework during the transition period. The striking miners played a significant role in the reclamation of Ukrainian independence in 1991. Building on this momentum, Donbas politicians were able to politicize the already existing socio-cultural diversity of Ukrainian society and to define the fundamental political cleavage in Ukraine in self-serving, regionalist terms.

Съдбата на замразените конфликти в черноморския регион в контекста на войната между Русия и Украйна

Author(s): Natalia Bekiarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

In the article „The fate of frozen conflicts in the Black Sea region in the context of the war between Russia and Ukraine“, prof. Natalia Bekiarova argues that the continued existence of frozen conflicts is an anachronism in the international life and an opportunity for their solution should be sought. The tendency to de-frost the so-called frozen conflicts in the region and their nature and characteristics are explained. The destabilizing role of Russia in the post-Soviet space is substantiated and the possible prospects for regulating the frozen conflicts in the conditions of the war between Russia and Ukraine are outlined. Special attention is paid to the Nagorni-Karabakh conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan, which has already been softened and is expected to be finally resolved in the foreseeable future. The conflicts on the territories of Georgia and Moldova are also awaiting a solution. The same refers to the frozen conflicts in Donetsk and Luhansk, which have meanwhile joined the Russian Federation.The fate of all conflicts depends on the development of military operations on the fronts in Ukraine. The way in which the outcome of the war will affect the regulation of conflicts is suggested. It is emphasized that only a military victory of Ukraine and restoration of the authority of international institutions could ensure peaceful and relatively fair solution of the mentioned conflicts above. It is concluded that the Black Sea region will remain deeply divided and confrontational for a long time, and the countries will experience serious economic, social and political difficulties.

ПАЛОМНИЧЕСТВА ЮЖНЫХ СЛАВЯН НА СВЯТУЮ ЗЕМЛЮ В XVI – XVII ВВ. И СОЗДАНИЕ ОБЩЕГО ПРАВОСЛАВНОГО ПРОСТРАНСТВА ОСМАНСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ

Author(s): Dmitry Igorevich Polyvyannyy / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2023

After 1517 the Holy Places of Jerusalem, Palestine and Sinai as well as the three ancient Eastern Patriarchates of Alexandria, Antiochia and Jerusalem were included into the imperial domain of the Sublime Porte thus connecting its Orthodox subjects in Rumelia, Greek islands, Asia Minor and the Danubian Principalities to the most worshipped common Christian shrines. In the following two centuries the number of the pilgrims to the Holy Land from the Ottoman Balkan provinces was permanently increasing. The South Slav pilgrims’ glosses and travel notes reveal the shaping of the common orthodox space, the parts of which were the visitors’ living places, sacral centers, monasteries and travel communications. The pilgrimage to Jerusalem and the return back lead them across administrative, canonical, ethnic and territorial metes and bounds creating in their minds the image of the Ottoman Empire as mighty world power with multinational and multi-confessional population thus laying foundations for the development of protonational identities.

ПРОСТОР И ВРЕМЕ У ДЕМОНОЛОШКО-МИТОЛОШКИМ ПРЕДАЊИМА ‒ САВРЕМЕНА ТЕРЕНСКА ИСТРАЖИВАЊА

Author(s): Ana Savić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 79/2022

The paper sheds light on the way in which the categories of time and space in demonological-mythological legends constitute a specific chronotope, reflecting the disturbing atmosphere of encounter with the paranormal. The author seeks to expose the poetics of the demonological-mythological legends, with special empha- sis on their temporal and spatial determinants. In the demonological-mythological legends space and time are deeply related. The paper considers the genre determina- tion of the chronotope in demonological-mythological legends and points out that the construction of the narrative world through temporal and spatial categories must proceed in accordance with certain genre laws, so the audience can recognize the story as demonological-mythological legend. This work is based on the folklore material which was gathered from 2018 to 2019 in the Rasina District. Interviews were conducted with two interlocutors from the village of Ribare.

Decolonization of Mental Health? The Early Days of an Ongoing Process from a Global Historical Perspective

Author(s): Tiago Pires / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Основната цел на този текст е да представи концепцията за деколонизацията на психичното здраве чрез изследване върху началото на този процес по време наСтудената война. Поради тази причина е въведена дискусията за появата на глобални илокални проекти в транскултурната психиатрия. Като обект на основен документаленанализ избрахме окончателния доклад на транскултурния проект на Световната здравна организация, проведен между 1965 и 1973 г. в Глобалния юг и Глобалниясевер, озаглавен Международно пилотно изследване на шизофренията (СЗО, IPSS1973). Нашата цел е да идентифицираме, чрез анализа на този глобален междукултуренпроект на СЗО, как психичното здраве и културата са били третирани като медико-политически проект, целящ да създаде общ език за психиатрията чрез универсалисткаепистемология. СЗО е обвързана със социалните проблеми на следвоенния период,търсейки в епистемологията на универсалността потвърждение на обстоятелството, чевсички сме равни, а също и възможност да бъдат избегнати бъдещи конфликти междуотделните нации. Световният мир, световното гражданство и универсализмът са важнимедико-политически програми на IPSS и особено на СЗО. По отношение на структуратана психиката, деколониалният подход смята, че всички хора са еднакви, респективно наедно и също ниво. Въпреки че универсалността на шизофренията изиграва важна ролякато критика на колониалната психиатрия, IPSS поема по много рискован и ограниченпът. Проблемът е, че не всички сме еднакви. Заложени са на карта субективността, разнообразието и различни културни и социални аспекти, които трябва да бъдат взети под внимание. В този смисъл опитът да се създаде общ и универсален език за шизофренията повдига въпроси за някои постколониални и транскултурни подходи.

M. H. Maxy: de la avangardă la socialism

Author(s): Ioana-Cristina Spiridon (Ciocoiu) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

„M. H. Maxy: from avant-garde to socialism”, opened on the 28th of December 2023 at the Romanian National Museum of Art, uses a chronological line of events to bring up to date the image of Max Herman Maxy (1895 – 1971), seen as a leading artist with a significant role in the Romanian Avant-garde, but also as the first director of the Romanian National Museum of Art. Subsequently, his contribution to the development of the national art scene can’t be denied in art history. Furthermore, the opening was carefully chosen to mark a symbolic anniversary of 145 years since the first Romanian Jew obtained his citizenship, therefore enhancing the role that the Jew community had in the bloom and spread of the Avant-garde in Europe. The exhibition has a tacit dialogue to the main artistic events which celebrate Timișoara as The Cultural Capital of Europe 2023, the retrospectives dedicated to Victor Brauner and Constantin Brâncuși, suggesting the main artistic pillars in the dawn of Modern Romania.

Recenzja książki: Bezpieczeństwo publiczne. (2023). (red.) Tomasz Grabowski. Seria: Słowniki Społeczne. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ignatianum w Krakowie. (ss. 392).

Author(s): Tomasz Pawłuszko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2024

Венета Янкова. Преводачи на култури (Унгарски свидетелства за Североизточна България от ХХ век). София: Парадигма, 2020

Author(s): Natalia Rashkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

Book review

Shades of Darkness: Politics, Objects, and Displays in Sighet’s Dark Heritage Sites

Author(s): Teodora Lazar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This article explores the interpretation and communication of dark heritage in Sighetu Marmației, focusing on three sites: the Memorial of the Victims of Communism and Anti-Communist Resistance, Pauper’s Cemetery, and the Elie Wiesel Memorial House. We argue that these sites convey Romania’s dark heritage by being associated with events and histories of troubled pasts, namely the Communist oppression and the Holocaust. The analysis addresses how and to what extent objects, politics, and spatiality contribute to the making of a sense of darkness identified in these sites. The article argues that the darkness of these sites is shaped not only by their histories, but also by the narratives constructed around them through the museum exhibits and curation. The study reveals that while these sites aim to educate and memorialise, they also navigate complex political and social dynamics, influencing how their dark heritage is presented and perceived.

The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and Its 1967 Protocol (2nd Edition) Edited by Andreas Zimmermann, Terje Einarsen, and Assistant Editor Franziska M. Herrmann (Publisher: Oxford University Press 2024)

Author(s): Mohammad Ramin Hakimy / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The second edition of “The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and Its 1967 Protocol” is an authoritative and comprehensive guide to one of the most critical international legal frameworks on refugee law. This new edition, edited by Andreas Zimmermann and Terje Einarsen with contributions from internationally located experts of diverse backgrounds, builds on the foundation of the former and provides new and extended insights indispensable for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers in refugee protection. The interdisciplinarity of the editors also contributes to the international strengths of the work. The book significantly contributes to bringing out diverse perspectives by integrating 53 contributors from diverse fields and countries.