"Rajš' ko Talijana, sem zbrala Slovana"

analiza preseljevanj Slovencev na ozemlje držav nekdanje Jugoslavije in njegove posledice

Author(s): Marina Lukšic Hacin,Boštjan Udovic / Language(s): Slovenian / Issue: 2/2014

The following contribution analyses the history of emigration from the Slovenian ethnic space to the countries of the former Yugoslavia and its contemporary consequences. The main thesis builds on the understanding that the Slovenian emigrant community in the “Yugoslav state” was largely neglected from the viewpoint of operative politics as well as from the scientific study perspective. The analysis is divided into four historical periods, which differed significantly as far as the migration dynamics is concerned: the first migration stage (1850–1914), dominated by economic reasons; the second migration stage (1919–1941), when the political and cultural reasons also became important; the third migration stage (1945–1991), when the main reasons for migration were economic and ideological; and, finally, the article is concluded with the analysis of policy towards the Slovenian immigrants to the Yugoslav territory in the time of the independent Slovenia, together with all of its advantages and shortcomings.

"To nie my przekroczyliśmy granicę, to ona przecięła nas." Biopolityka europejskiego reżimu migracyjnego

Author(s): Lukasz Moll / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 21/2016

This article reconceptualizes analytical tools suitable to theorizing the European migration regime by employing concepts developed by philosophers of biopolitics. By referring to border and migration studies, it diagnoses both the crisis of the traditional conceptualization of the border and the crisis of the post-Westphalian political order in Europe. Identifying the end of bordering practices as a result of the intertwining of sovereignty, territory, and population in the context of a neoliberal regime of capital accumulation, the article proposes to treat borders as productive apparatuses (dispositifs). While they support the desirable flows of people, they block the undesirable forms of circulation. In conclusion, the article argues that the co-existence of borderless spaces within the European Union with the arbitrary mechanisms of mobility control applied to non-EU migrants is impossible to maintain in the long run. Keeping the current status quo will result in the obliteration of the inside/outside division and a rupture in the strong link between borders and territory. In effect, the same apparatuses which aimed to make free mobility possible are becoming its main source of danger.

"You can't just step from one place to another": The socio-politics of illegality in migration from Zimbabwe to South Africa

Author(s): Shannon Morreira / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

Drawing on anthropological fieldwork conducted in Musina and Cape Town, South Africa in 2010 and 2011, in this paper I present a qualitative analysis of the (largely illegal) means of entry of Zimbabwean research participants into South Africa, and their at-tempts to seek legal status once in the country. I present an ethnographic consideration of one woman’s experiences crossing the border, augmented with quantitative data gathered from a sample of 45 migrants, in order to discuss the socio-political construction of ‘illegality’ in South Africa. I argue that while migrants may have entered the country illegally, this was in a large degree dictated by structural pressures. Migrants’ attempts to legalise themselves are also structurally constrained: I, thus, argue that there is a need to unpack the socio-political process by which a category of illegality is made.

"Быдлим в Чехии", или, Специфика чешских заимствований на примере онлайн-коммуникации русскоязычных иммигрантов в Чешской Республике

Author(s): Anna, Vladimirovna Golubeva,Anastasija, Anatol´jevna Timofejeva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2014

The article speaks about borrowings from the Czech language through the prism of Internet communication (social networks, forums, blogs), presented by Russian-speaking expatriate community, which is one of the largest expatriate communities in the Czech Republic. This report contains the overview of processes that occur in the immigrant's use of borrowings, as well as the analysis of borrowings on lexical, morphological, and syntactical levels. Word-play is discussed here as well. Authors give characteristics of expatriate's language from 3 various points of view: in light of the language of Russian expatriate community on the whole, from the perspective of Russian expatriate community in the Czech Republic, and in terms of similarity to the processes which occur in the language of the metropoly.

"Водевиль в сумасшедшемдоме": "Линия Брунгильды" М. А. Алданова

Author(s): Dmitri Nikolayev / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2015

If one were to single out the most characteristic feature of the Russian theatre in exile, it would be the severe scarcity of everything: theatre troupes were small, productions were executed on a very meager budget, etc. Dmitri Nikolayev’s article discusses the way that Mark Aldanov adapted his style to meet this challenge, which resulted in the creation of “Liniia Brungildy” (1937), a play in thegenre of vaudeville.

# V4 2015: neľahké hľadanie odpovedí na európske výzvy

Author(s): Tomáš Strážay / Language(s): Slovak / Publication Year: 0

Vyšehradská skupina, tak ako napokon celá Európska únia, čelila aj v roku 2015 výzvam prichádzajúcim z vonkajšieho prostredia a v menšom meradle tiež takým, ktoré súviseli s jeho vnútorným fungovaním. Napriek pokračujúcemu rusko ukrajinskému konfliktu sa dominantnou témou vo vyšehradskom i európskom (nielen zahraničnopolitickom diskurze) stala migračná a utečenecká kríza. Postoj k nej ovplyvňoval tak vnútornú dynamiku Vyšehradu, ako aj jeho vnímanie v rámci EÚ. Vyšehradské krajiny čelili zhoršenej reputácii v očiach niektorých členských krajín Únie, ktoré kritizovali ich nesolidárny postoj v otázke redistribučných kvót. Prirodzene, značná časť vyšehradskej agendy sa niesla v znamení kontinuity, čo sa týka slovenského aj českého predsedníctva. Významnými oblasťami spolupráce tak boli naďalej napríklad energetika či bezpečnosť a obrana. Spolupráca s krajinami východného susedstva a západného Balkánu tvorili piliere formátu V4 plus, ktorý sa rozšíril o ďalších partnerov. Jedným z významných zadaní pre obe predsedníctva bolo vyvažovať spoluprácu s nevyšehradskými krajinami s vnútornou súdržnosťou V4. Potvrdilo sa, že vyšehradská spolupráca zostáva imúnna voči vnútropolitickému vývoju v jednotlivých krajinách. Hoci májové prezidentské i októbrové parlamentné voľby v Poľsku znamenali diametrálnu zmenu v oblasti poľskej vnútornej politiky, na vzťahoch v rámci V4 sa to neprejavilo.

(Up)Rooting Sovereignty through the Metamorphoses of Migration

Author(s): Maria-Mihaela Nistor / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

This article emphasizes some key aspects of sovereignty in a brief synchronic analysis, insisting on the dynamic denotations the concept has in the actual global framework. Aspects related to asymmetric interactions of the migrants with the host society in a rather cosmopolitan world, where the nation-state is only one of the omnifarious actors involved in the policy- and decision making process are underlined, primarily in constructivist terms

A Great Migration

Author(s): Milan Lelich / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2015

As a result of the occupation of Crimea and the war in Donbas, one of the greatest internal relocations in contemporary European history is taking place on the territory of Ukraine. Yet the European Union, preoccupied with its internal problems and the influx of migrants from the Middle East, has so far ignored this fact.

A language that forgot itself (Essay on the curious non-existence of German as a recognized minority language in today’s Poland)

Author(s): Tomasz Kamuselka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 45/2014

This essay draws on my almost three decades worth of research on the multiethnic and multilingual history of Upper Silesia during the last two centuries, when various ethnolinguistic nationalisms have radically altered the ethnic, political, demographic and linguistic shape of the region. I focus on the German minority that was recognized in Poland in the early 1990s. This recognition was extended to the German language. However, though in official statistics there are hundreds of schools with German, and bilingual signage amply dots the Upper Silesian landscape, neither in the region nor elsewhere in Poland is there a single, however small, locality where German would be the language of everyday communication. With this essay I attempt to explicate this irony of official recognition on the one hand, and the tacitly enforced non-existence on the ground, on the other hand.

A long way to the West - Helsinki Final Act and travelling of Czechoslovak citizens abroad

Author(s): Jan Rychlík / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

After a brief period of open borders, barriers at border crossings were lowered again between 1968 and 1969. Travelling anywhere became difficult again, and journeys to the West almost impossible, at least for those whose “cadre profile” was not “up to the mark”. The change was to be brought by the Helsinki agreement, but despite the affixed signature of the Czechoslovak party and state officials, the practical consequences were negligible and those interested in travelling abroad went through an ordeal of official bullying, prohibitions and obstacles. This lasted until the fall of the Communist regime.

A szomszédos országok migrációs forrásterületeinek a vizsgálata a magyar népszámlálási adatok felhasználásával 2001 és 2011 között

Author(s): Áron Kincses / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 05/2015

International migration has positive effect on Hungary’s demographic, social and economic processes. Although the proportion of the Hungarian-speaking migrant population declined between the two censuses, it still plays a decisive role. This is related with the cross-border linguistic and cultural ties. If we looked at the Hungarian country territory before World War I and II, we found, that half of the international migration was domestic migrants from the peripheral regions to the centre of country. So, this phenomenon determines the migration network form the Carpathian Basin to Hungary. In general, most of the migrants come from the Hungarian speaking regions. The proportion of non-Hungarian speaking migrants coming from Trans-Carpathian Ukraine, northern Slovakia, Serbia, outside parts of Vojvodina, as well as Austria, Croatia and Slovenia has been increasing. Analysis of the source area showed a colorful picture about foreign citizens living in Hungary. In general it can be stated that the lower-skilled migrants have greater proportion in migration to a smaller distance, while those with higher education dominate in migration for longer distances. The impact zone of potential migration increases with educational qualifications and skills.

Aktuálne problémy kulturologického výskumu dolnozemských Slovákov

Author(s): Boris Michalík / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 3/2015

The main goal of this contribution is to point out a few problematic spheres, where the generally accepted not quite correspond to the real situation. We emphasize that the path to the general knowledge of the culture of Slovaks living in Low Land is through the realization of research in widest context of theory in as many localities as it is possible. We present a view of the seven problematic issues, which in the context of the current research of Slovaks living in Low Land can be considered as relevant. First, there is the problem of the meaning of terms ethnic enclave and ethnic diaspora. Secondly, the consideration of degree of acculturation and the transfer of the meaning from term "language island" to term "cultural island". Thirdly, we are considering terms of ethnocultural and ethnoconfesional aspects of identity. The fourth problematic sphere is relation between local and ethnic identity. The fifth problem is the urban and rural environment and their contexts affecting acculturation in the minority sector. The sixth circuit is relation between ethnic identity and civic identity. Seventh problem is the minority policy in the European Union, its relative instability and undeniable impact on the acculturation of minorities.

ALBANIAN IMMIGRANTS IN GREECE: FROM UNWANTED TO TOLERATED?

Author(s): Artur Adamczyk / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

The main objective of this article is to present the way attitudes towards Albanian people and the perception of them has changed in Greece. The Albanians came to Greece following the collapse of the Communist bloc at the beginning of the 1990s. Within time it transpired that it was a mass immigration of approximately 500,000 people. Greece was not prepared for such an enormous influx of foreigners and failed to initiate an effective migration policy. The initial reactions of the Greek politicians, media, and society were negative. Social feelings, however, began to turn in the first decade of the XX century. Albanians ceased to be stigmatised as a threat and started to be perceived in a positive way through the prism of the demands of the Greek economy. The economic and migration crisis, however, lead to the reappearance of a xenophobic mood among the Greeks.

All Eyes on Hungary

Author(s): Dominik Héjj / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2015

Country name: Hungary. Official language: Hungarian. Head of the government: Viktor Orbán. These are three certainties about Hungary. Due to the hysteria in the media, it is difficult to understand what the current migration crisis truly is. Perspectives vary. One of them is Hungarian.

Always disobedient

Author(s): Staša Zajovic / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2006

We are an activist group and a feminist-antimilitarist network made up of women from different generations and different ethnic groups with different social statuses and various levels of education. We have different lifestyles and sexual identities. What we share is a rejection of all forms of war and violent politics, first those of the state and community in which we live and then all others. We share a commitment to women's visible and public resistance to all forms of patriarchy, nationalism, militarism, and fundamentalism. A varying number of people participate in Women in Black's street actions and other activities. Sometimes, there are only a few; sometimes, there are hundreds, depending on the political and social circumstances, the need, and other factors.

Amelia F. Constant, Klaus F. Zimmerman (eds) (2013), International Handbook on the Economics of Migration

Author(s): Ron Johnston / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

Academic publishing, like so much else in life, operates in cycles: edited collections (whether of original or reprinted material) are for a period popular with publishers, who launch (and often do not complete) series – and then they fall out of favour. We are currently in a period where they seem very attractive to many of the major publishers, including some – such as Edward Elgar – for whom they have seemed to dominate their catalogues for substantial periods. The International Handbook on the Economics of Migration is a product of one such boom-time.

Anatomy of a Crisis: Not all migrations are treated equal

Author(s): Przemyslaw Roguski / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2015

Today, the EU faces three major challenges emanating from what former NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen called the arc of instability: Ukraine, the Middle East and North Africa and the Sahel. All these crises have led to massive population movements which are reflected in European migration statistics. In this situation the need for unified European action and solidarity is obvious. Hence, further bad blood between the eastern and western EU states needs to be avoided if a meaningful solution is to be found.

AR LAUKIAMI DIASPOROS VAIKAI LIETUVOJE? TĖVŲ IR MOKYTOJŲ PATIRTYS

Author(s): Irma Budginaite,Ruta Mašidlauskaite / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 2 (78)/2015

The article is based on a research project funded by the Lithuanian Research Council and conducted in Lithuania, with a focus on the challenges when integrating children that are coming back with parents from abroad into the Lithuanian education system. It is based on semi-structured interviews and one focus group with teachers that have experience educating returnees’ children as well as interviews with return migrants that have children under eighteen. In addition, two representative surveys – the Lithuanian population survey and the survey of return migrants – are used to illustrate the tendencies of return migration. This article aims to contribute to the development of return migration research field and raises such questions as: How the educational opportunities for children make impact on decision to return to Lithuania? How educational institutions are chosen and how the pupils’ knowledge is evaluated? What are the main challenges that teachers face while educating returnees’ children? The research has revealed that family circumstances are one of the most important factors motivating emigrants to return. The desire to start a family and raise children in a Lithuanian cultural environment and children’s education may be important aspects when deciding to return. Parents that are planning to return are interested in educational opportunities for children, are collecting relevant information and, if possible, are visiting schools before returning to Lithuania. Some of them express their worries about the preparation of teachers to educate their children. The research also shows that not all teachers are aware how to deal with the challenges they face educating pupils with the migrant background. The qualitative interviews have revealed that it is harder to get relevant information for teachers from small towns, and it is hardly possible for them to participate in the trainings that are organised in the cities. Therefore, teachers are obliged to find individual creative solutions for teaching children. According to the interviewees, such measures as individualised course materials, specific training courses, allocation of additional funding for the Lithuanian language or other subject classes could contribute to a better integration of returnees’ children. The interviews also disclosed that not all policy measures for the integration of children with the migrant background are applicable in small towns.

Architektoniczne środki tworzenia granic społecznych wokół imigrantów w miastach

Author(s): Oskar Amiri / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 37/2014

Immigrants in the cities sometimes use architectural means to mark their presence, as well as a separate identity. These activities are often superficial, aesthetic, due to the asymmetry in the means of power in the urban space. On the other side there are the planners, having other plans towards enclaves, and the possibility to introduce them. Urban development is therefore a conflict of interest of different groups, and the result illustrates this dispute. It is a dispute which has a different outcome every time, just as the cultures coexisting in the cities are different, with different needs, identities and history.

Archiwum Ogniska Polskiego w Turynie — akta nieocenionej działalność propolskiej we Włoszech

Author(s): Sylwia Szarejko / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2017

Activities related to the promotion of Polish language and culture led by the famous Poland’s admirer — Begey family, is not the only Polish accent in Turin. In the capital of Piedmont operates the most dynamic Polish Association — The Polish Hearth in Turin which origins date back to the war times. Describing the formation of the Polish Hearth in Turin, professor Krystyna Jaworska, at the beginning, points to the informal nature of that organization. However, over the years, the community in Turin became active in many areas which is confirmed by the documents kept in the archives of the association. At the same time, these documents are showing a forgotten but very important legacy of Polish war emigration in Italy.