We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

0.00 €

Riječka subverzija petokrakom

Author(s): Dragan Markovina / Language(s): Serbian

Među brojnim stvarima koje dijelimo u ovim postjugoslavenskim državama ističe se jedna zakonitost koja nikad neće omanuti. Radi se o tome da je nemoguće da prođe dovoljno vremena od raspada socijalističkog sistema, nakon kojeg bi mogli racionalno razgovarati o njegovim prednostima i manama, budući da nacionalistički histerici koji bdiju nad žarom kontrarevolucije pokušavaju zaustaviti vrijeme putem simboličkih ratova te nametanja cenzura i zabrana, nastojeći u krajnjoj liniji uspostavit totalitarizam u vidu ideološkog monopola i zabranjenih tema. O logičkoj neodrživosti takvog pristupa u kojem ti s jedne strane smeta socijalističko razdoblje jer ga ocjenjuješ kao totalitarno, a istovremeno bi zabranjivao memoriju, teme i simboličko nasljeđe, nema pretjerano smisla govoriti. Jednako onima koji razumiju o čemu je zapravo riječ, pa im objašnjenje ni ne treba, kao i ovima o kojima je riječ, jer je nemoguće da bilo kakvo objašnjenje razumiju.

More...

0.00 €

Rehabilitacija Nedića

Author(s): Srđan Milošević / Language(s): Serbian

Predsednik kvislinške i takozvane “Vlade narodnog spasa” Milan Nedić nije rehabilitovan. Tako glasi odluka Višeg suda u Beogradu. Teško je zamisliti da će Apelacioni sud zauzeti drugačije stanovište, ukoliko se predlagač rehabilitacije obrati i ovoj instanci. Postupak kroz koji je prošao zahtev za rehabilitaciju svakako će biti predmet iscrpnijih analiza, ali je uputno preliminarno se osvrnuti, makar i prigodno, na ovakvu sudsku odluku.

More...

4.50 €

Kolínské kořeny Richarda Glazara (Goldschmida)

Author(s): Ladislav Jouza,Miroslava Jouzová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Richard Glazar (29 November 1920, Prague – 20 December 1997, Prague) is known to the general public as one of the few people who managed to escape from the Treblinka death camp. As one of the last witnesses to the mass murders at Treblinka, he exerted a great deal of effort and energy to provide testimony about what happened there. He also wrote his story down and had it published as a book. Richard Glazar’s family roots are linked to the central Bohemian town of Kolín; his father was a member of the Goldschmid family, whose presence in Kolín was documented from the second half of the 18th century. He retained memories of his grandparents from Kolín, as well as his childhood experiences and his two years at high school there. How these roots in Kolín influenced the personality of Richard Glazar is a question that this paper seeks to answer.

More...

4.50 €

Mostečtí Židé a nacistická persekuce v letech 1938-1945

Author(s): Jana Sýkorová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The document examines the persecution of Jews in Most during the Nazi occupation from 1938 to 1945. It highlights the lack of research on the Jewish minority in Most since the 1930s and the need to document their history, especially during the Holocaust. The study uses various sources, including home registration records, school catalogs, and voter lists, to create a comprehensive database of Jewish residents. It details the impact of the Nuremberg Laws, the destruction of the Most synagogue during Kristallnacht, and the subsequent liquidation of Jewish organizations. The document also discusses the confiscation of Jewish property, the forced emigration of Jewish residents, and the tragic fate of those who were deported to concentration camps. It concludes with reflections on the importance of preserving Jewish heritage and the ongoing efforts to document the community's history.

More...

4.50 €

Životní příběh kdyňského lékaře MUDr. Lva Hartmana

Author(s): Radka Kinkorová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Dr. Lev Hartman, a Jewish physician from Kdyně faced significant hardships during World War II. Born in 1905, Hartman pursued a medical career despite financial difficulties and graduated from Charles University in 1931. He established a successful practice in Kdyně, becoming a beloved community figure. However, the Nazi occupation led to the revocation of his medical license in 1940, forcing him into manual labor. Hartman actively participated in the anti-Nazi resistance, narrowly escaping deportation by hiding with the help of Jan Fleischmann. After the war, he resumed his medical practice and contributed to public health efforts. Hartman's story is a testament to resilience and the impact of supportive allies during times of persecution.

More...

4.50 €

Židovský hřbitov v Teplicích

Author(s): Lucie B. Petrusová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The Jewish cemetery in Teplice, has been established in 1862 and still in use until today. It details the existence of two older cemeteries in the town, with the first dating back to the late 15th century and located southeast of the town walls. The second cemetery, known as the "old cemetery," was used from 1669 until its closure in 1862 due to capacity issues and urban expansion. The document highlights the destruction of these cemeteries during the Nazi occupation, with many gravestones repurposed or lost. The current cemetery, part of a multi-denominational municipal cemetery, features a variety of gravestones, including traditional Jewish symbols and influences from classicism and Art Nouveau. The text emphasizes the importance of preserving this historical site, which contains over three thousand gravestones and serves as a significant cultural monument in the region.

More...

4.50 €

Stavitel Konrad Kuhn a jeho plány trutnovské synagogy

Author(s): Roman Reil / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The document explores the history of the Jewish religious community in Trutnov, focusing on the construction and fate of the Trutnov synagogue. It highlights the contributions of notable architects like Konrad Kühn and Johann Blažek, who designed the synagogue and other significant buildings in the region. The text details the establishment of the synagogue in 1885, its architectural features, and the community's efforts to maintain it. It also covers the tragic events of Kristallnacht in 1938, which led to the synagogue's destruction. The document includes information on the Jewish population's economic activities and the impact of Nazi occupation during World War II. It concludes with reflections on the preservation of Jewish heritage and the challenges faced in documenting the community's history due to the loss of many original records.

More...

4.50 €

Dvojí exulant Herbert Poláček. Plzeňský rodák s kolínskými kořeny

Author(s): Karel Řeháček / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The document chronicles the life of Herbert Poláček, a Jewish man from Pilsen, who became a double exile, first fleeing from Nazism and later from Communism. Born in 1906, Poláček's family had deep roots in Kolín's Jewish community. He pursued a legal career in Prague before escaping to the UK in 1939. His family faced severe persecution during the Nazi occupation, with his parents perishing in concentration camps. After World War II, Poláček returned to Czechoslovakia, only to flee again in 1949 due to the Communist regime, eventually settling in the UK. The narrative highlights his contributions to the Jewish community, his professional endeavors, and the family's struggles and resilience through the 20th century's tumultuous events.

More...

4.50 €

Získávání biografických údajů o židovských rodinách (kladenská rodina Bohmova)

Author(s): Irena Veverková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The research on the Jewish family Böhm from Kladno, conducted by Irena Veverková, highlights the dramatic and often tragic experiences of Jewish residents in the 20th century. The Böhm family, who moved to Kladno in 1901, faced significant challenges, including the Nazi occupation and subsequent deportations. The family members were involved in various trades and integrated into the local community despite initial distrust. Detailed archival records, such as police registrations, school records, and property registers, provide insights into their lives. The family endured severe persecution during World War II, with many members deported to concentration camps. Otto Böhm, a notable family member, survived the Holocaust and later emigrated to Canada. The research underscores the importance of preserving historical records to understand the Jewish community's contributions and struggles. The study also highlights the broader social and political context of Jewish life in Kladno. The ongoing efforts to document and remember these histories are crucial for future generations. The project exemplifies the resilience and determination of Jewish families in the face of adversity.

More...

4.50 €

Židovské obyvatelstvo v Českém Krumlově vletech 1850-1938

Author(s): Věra Mašková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The Jewish population in Český Krumlov faced significant challenges and changes from the 14th century to the 20th century. Initially, Jews were allowed to settle in the area by royal decree, but they faced expulsion and restrictions in the late 15th century. It wasn't until the mid-19th century that Jewish families began to resettle in the town, contributing to its social and economic life. Prominent families like the Spiros played a crucial role in the local industry, particularly in papermaking. The Jewish community established a synagogue and a cemetery, and their children attended local schools. Despite their integration, the community faced growing antisemitism in the early 20th century, culminating in the Nazi occupation. During this period, Jewish properties were confiscated, and many community members were deported or fled. The synagogue was destroyed, and the Jewish population in Český Krumlov never fully recovered after World War II. The history of the Jewish community in Český Krumlov is a testament to their resilience and contributions despite facing severe persecution.

More...

4.50 €

Arizace některých židovských firem v Nýrsku ve světle archivních dokumentů

Author(s): Lenka Sýkorová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The study of the aryanization of Jewish businesses in Nýrsko, based on archival documents, reveals the systematic approach of Nazi authorities towards Jewish property after the annexation of the Sudetenland in 1938. The Ekstein brothers, who founded an optical factory in Nýrsko, faced significant challenges during this period. Their business was taken over by Franz Fremuth, a long-time member of the Sudeten German Party, under the supervision of the Deutsche Allgemeine Treuhand. The factory, which employed over 500 workers, was eventually sold to Fremuth in 1939. Similarly, the Stein family, who owned a laundry business, had their property confiscated and sold under Nazi directives. The detailed records from the State District Archive in Klatovy and the State Archive in Landshut provide valuable insights into the processes and impacts of aryanization on Jewish businesses. These documents highlight the economic and social disruptions faced by Jewish entrepreneurs and their families. The study underscores the importance of preserving these historical records to understand the broader context of Nazi persecution and its long-term effects on Jewish communities.

More...

4.50 €

„Kolínská obuv je nejlepší“ - osudy továrny na obuv Zikmunda Feldmanna v Kolíně a jejích majitelů

Author(s): Ladislav Jouza,Miroslava Jouzová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The Zikmund Feldmann shoe factory in Kolín, founded from a modest shoemaking workshop, thrived in the early 20th century as one of the progressive shoe factories in Bohemia. The business, involving multiple family members, faced intense competition during the Great Depression. Initially a small workshop established by Leopold Feldmann in 1857, it expanded under his son Zikmund, who modernized the factory with new machinery and increased production. The factory produced a variety of shoes, including luxury items, and exported to several countries. Despite its success, the factory struggled during the economic crisis and eventually closed. The factory building still stands today, repurposed as a hostel. The Feldmann family, including notable figures like Otto Reich, faced significant challenges during the Nazi occupation, with many members deported and killed. The history of the Feldmann shoe factory reflects the broader economic and social changes in the region, as well as the resilience of the family through adversity.

More...

4.50 €

Charakteristika fondu Stiko Reichenberg v Rakouském státním archivu ve Vídni

Author(s): Markéta Lhotová,Vlastimila Hamáčková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the role of the Stillhaltekommissar für Organisationen (STIKO) in the liquidation of Jewish organizations in the border areas of the Czech lands during the Nazi occupation. Initial findings were presented in 2006, revealing that the liquidation was a systematic process rather than a random occurrence. The research was based on limited materials from the State Regional Archive in Litomìøice and the National Archive. Further progress required research in the Austrian State Archive in Vienna, specifically the Stiko Reichenberg fund. This fund includes documents from the STIKO office and its Treuhandstelle, which managed entrusted property. The research aims to understand the role of STIKO, its relationship with other Nazi institutions, and the fate of Jewish communities and their properties. The findings will contribute to a broader understanding of the systematic persecution and economic exploitation of Jewish organizations. The article also highlights the importance of archival research in uncovering the extent of Nazi policies and their impact on Jewish communities. The study is part of a larger project funded by the Czech Science Foundation, focusing on the liquidation of Jewish organizations in the Czech borderlands annexed by Nazi Germany in 1938. The ultimate goal is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the Nazi institutions' procedures in dissolving Jewish organizations and managing their assets.

More...

4.50 €

Klara Fischer-Pollak (1899-1970) (Po)válečné osudy židovské lékařky z Karlových Varů

Author(s): Monika Hanková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Klara Fischer-Pollak, a Jewish doctor from Karlovy Vary, faced numerous hardships during and after World War II. Her life story reflects the suffering of Jews and mixed families during the Nazi occupation and the complex Czech-German relations post-1945. Despite being a capable and dedicated physician, she struggled with legal and social challenges due to her German nationality and Jewish heritage. After the war, she was nationalized and faced significant difficulties in reclaiming her property and resuming her medical practice. Her health deteriorated due to the physical and emotional toll of her experiences. Eventually, she emigrated to Bavaria, where she continued to face challenges but managed to rebuild her life and career. Klara's story is a poignant example of resilience and the struggle for recognition and stability in the aftermath of the Holocaust.

More...

4.50 €

Židé ve Starém Městě pod Landštejnem

Author(s): Blanka Rozkošná / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The Jewish community in Staré Město pod Landštejnem dates back to at least the early 17th century, with the first recorded mention in 1495. The community faced significant challenges, including property confiscation and persecution during the Nazi occupation. Despite these hardships, the community's legacy is preserved through historical records and ongoing research efforts. The synagogue and cemetery in Staré Město, although damaged, remain important cultural and historical sites. The Jewish population in the town declined significantly after World War II, with many families emigrating or being deported. The community's history is documented through various records, including census data and property registers, providing valuable insights into the Jewish presence in the region.

More...

4.50 €

První republika a židovští uprchlíci před nacismem

Author(s): Michal Frankl / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

This analysis looks into the refugee policy of Czechoslovakia during the interwar period, particularly focusing on Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution. Initially, Czechoslovakia was seen as a haven for refugees from Germany and Austria, with a relatively open policy. However, over time, the policy became more restrictive, especially towards Jewish refugees from Eastern Europe. The state distinguished between political and economic refugees, often denying entry to those deemed economically motivated. The document highlights the challenges faced by refugees, including legal and economic barriers, and the role of international and domestic organizations in providing support. It also discusses the impact of antisemitism and economic crises on refugee policy, and the eventual shift towards a more exclusionary stance as the political situation in Europe deteriorated.

More...

4.50 €

Arizace potravinářských podniků a obchodů v Protektorátu Čechy a Morava

Author(s): Monika Sedláková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

This text focuses the Aryanization of food enterprises and businesses in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, following the decree by Reich Protector Konstantin von Neurath on June 21, 1939. Jewish businesses were placed under the administration of trustees, known as Treuhänder, who were appointed by the Reich Protector or the Oberlandrat. These trustees had extensive powers to manage the businesses, often leading to their eventual Aryanization or liquidation. The process was driven by economic incentives and the desire to eliminate Jewish influence from the economy. The document highlights the significant interest in these positions due to the financial benefits and opportunities they provided. It also discusses the broader impact of these policies on the Jewish community and the economy of the Protectorate, including the high rate of liquidation of Jewish food businesses. The role of German organizations and individuals in the Aryanization process is also examined, emphasizing the collaboration between the Nazi regime and local authorities.

More...

4.50 €

Z dějin židovské komunity v Teplicích

Author(s): Kvìtoslava Kocourková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The document delves into the history of the Jewish community in Teplice, which was once the third largest in Bohemia after Prague and Pilsen. It traces the community's origins back to the 15th century, highlighting periods of growth and persecution. The Jewish community in Teplice faced various challenges, including high taxes and restrictive regulations imposed by local authorities. Despite these hardships, the community thrived, engaging in various trades and establishing important institutions such as synagogues, schools, and hospitals. The document also discusses the impact of the Thirty Years' War, the influence of the Clary-Aldringen family, and the effects of the Enlightenment and Josephine reforms on the community. The Jewish population in Teplice continued to grow and integrate into the broader society, contributing significantly to the local economy and culture. However, the rise of antisemitism and the events leading up to World War II had devastating effects on the community, culminating in the destruction of the synagogue and the persecution of Jewish residents during the Holocaust. The post-war period saw efforts to rebuild the community, but many survivors emigrated, leaving behind a rich but fragmented legacy.

More...

4.50 €

Zmizelí obyvatelé Chomutova v polovině 20. století

Author(s): Josef Märc / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

This text focuses on the project "Zmizelí sousedé" initiated by the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports in 1999, aimed at finding Jewish neighbors who disappeared mainly during World War II. The project, intended for students aged 12-18, faced challenges in Chomutov due to the lack of surviving witnesses. The research was conducted in the State District Archive in Chomutov, focusing on materials related to Aryanized property, pre-war German and Czech gymnasium catalogs, and documents from the Chomutov land office. The study revealed two main research lines: mapping Jewish settlements in Chomutov and statistical studies using the Terezín Memorial Book and the Yad Vashem database. The project eventually found contacts with pre-war residents and Holocaust survivors, leading to an exhibition in 2006. The document also highlights the pre-war Jewish population in Chomutov, their departure, the Holocaust, and the post-war situation, including the re-establishment of the Jewish religious community in 1945.

More...

4.50 €

STIKO Liberec a osud majetku židovských obcí a spolků

Author(s): Markéta Lhotová,Vlastimila Hamáčková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

This analysis looks into the fate of Jewish communities and their properties in the Sudetenland after its annexation by Nazi Germany in October 1938. It highlights the challenges in researching the history of these communities, whose members fled before the arrival of the German army. The text discusses the role of the Stillhaltekommissar für Organisationen (STIKO) in managing and Aryanizing Jewish properties, including synagogues and other communal assets. The document also explores the involvement of various Nazi organizations and local authorities in the process, as well as the impact of Kristallnacht on Jewish properties. The research is based on archival materials from Vienna and the Czech Republic, shedding light on the systematic approach taken by the Nazis to confiscate and repurpose Jewish assets. The study underscores the importance of understanding the administrative mechanisms and the broader context of Nazi policies towards Jewish communities in the Sudetenland.

More...