Problem schyłku w procesie przekształceń genologicznych

Author(s): Roksana Rał-Niemeczek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article constitutes an attempt at analysis of the most significant changes in the realm of genology which occurred in the period since antiquity until the classical period following the reign of Stanisław II August. The author traces the phenomenon of genologicaldecadence, placing it in the sphere of ancient postulates, which, in the following periods,had been either replicated or superseded by new tendencies. The primary research material comprises of Enlightenment poetics formulated by Filip Neriusz Golański, Franciszek Ksawery Dmochowski, Ignacy Krasicki and others, which are then contrasted with genological principles of Plato or Diomede. Thus, the central problem of “lateness” or “maturity” of the antiquity as an epoch constitutive for the definition and systematization of genres relies upon the mutual permeation of influences and reconfiguring old norm with thehelp of the new ones.

Empire jako styl późny w perspektywie myśli filozoficznej Georga Wilhelma Friedricha Hegla

Author(s): Sławomir Kaczor / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The 19th century has been characterised as an extremely tumultuous period in the history of Europe. The rise of Napoleon at the turn of the century and his wide-ranging activity in numerous spheres of life, including the world of culture, had to and ultimately did find its reflection in many polemical and scholarly works, including various philosophers,such as Napoleon’s contemporary, G.W.F. Hegel. His interest in the multifaceted natureof the historical events found its reflection in, among others, Lectures on Aesthetics. Thetreatise constitutes an excellent source material concerning the changes in arts in the lateperiod of the classical era, often referred to as Empire. Hegel himself does not name thestyle explicitly, and he mentions Bonaparte by name only three times, yet the analysis ofthe work in question in the context of the entire epoch as well as Hegel’s personal attitudetowards its creator allow to accurately indicate the features which testify to the “lateness”of Empire.

Trio d-moll op. 120 i ostatnia faza twórczości kameralnej Gabriela Fauré

Author(s): Wojciech Stępień / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents the characteristic features of the late period of the French composer Gabriel Fauré’s (1845–1924) creative output, on the basis of his Piano Trio in D minor, op. 120 (1922–1923). The analysis of the piece has been conducted in the context of Fauré’s chamber music composed in the 1920s: Piano Quintet No. 2 in C minor, op. 115 (1919–1921) as well as Cello Sonata No. 2 in G minor, op. 117 (1921). The author argues that the modal features of the thematic material of the Trio constitute a direct result of the composer’s education in playing the organ as well as the Gregorian chant at École de Musique Classique et Religieuse in Paris (1854–1861). The second part of the piece has been a subject of an in-depth analysis, and the author employed, among others, the method of paradigmatic analysis formulated by Jean-Jacques Nattiez, in order to exemplify the homogeneity of the thematic material and the sparingness of the means of expression utilised by the composer.

IV Symfonia op. 58 i poemat na organy solo In Paradisum op. 61 Feliksa Nowowiejskiego wobec różnych koncepcji stylu późnego w muzyce

Author(s): Ilona Dulisz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

4th Symphony, op. 58 and the poem for organ solo In Paradisum, op. 61 by Feliks Nowowiejski were composed towards the end of his career. That period of time in the life of the composer constituted a period of struggle: wartime exile, hiding from the occupying forces and struggle with illness. The relevance of the biographical and historical context appears to be extremely clear in the case of those musical pieces. However, while confronting the two aforementioned pieces with the conceptions of the late style formulated by Mieczysław Tomaszewski, Mieczysław Wallis, Carl Dahlhaus and Theodor Adorno, it is possible to notice traces of the characteristics of the late style, which, in the case of Nowowiejski, do not appear solely in his later works.

Stylistyczne przemiany twórczości Sergiusza Rachmaninowa

Author(s): Iwona Świdnicka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Rachmaninoff’s composing style, often called the late-Romantic, conservative, or eclectic style, can be described as a belated—and first and foremost individual—style. For Rachmaninoff, modernity meant regression and forced attempts at originality, while, as T.S. Eliot said, “true originality is merely a development.” Rachmaninoff’s works, which constitute a continuation, complement and development, are characterised by their unique features which include: the Rachmaninoff accord, the signature-motif, the motif of fate, the motif of the bell. Another characteristic feature of his works is the direct connection with literary works, poetry and painting, as well as the influence of historical, social and culturalfactors, both of which testify to their intertextual character. The composer consciouslycreates musical pieces which bridge the present and the past, since he is not an innovator,but rather a continuator.

Między prawdą a mitem, czyli styl późny w muzyce Gustawa Mahlera

Author(s): Bogumiła Mika / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The late style is an aesthetic category with a long-standing tradition. In addition, it is also a widely accepted and recognised category, which emerges time and time again in scholarly reflections of world-class musicologists and art theorists. In this article, the author briefly introduces a variety of approaches concerning the late style. The greatest emphasis is put on the theory of Joseph N. Straus, who distinguished six features of the late style. The majority of the articles are devoted to a discussion of a conception of the late style proposed by Vera Micznik in the context of the music of Gustav Mahler (primarily his 9th Symphony).Micznik conducts her analysis of “lateness” on the basis of three primary perspectives: the history of the work’s reception; the analytical perspective, focused on demonstrating the narrative character of the music; and the historical records, connected with the origin of the musical composition. Thus, the aim of the following article—although, to a large extent, the essay is focused on discussing the established literature on the subject—is to rethink the viewpoint concerning the “obvious” character of the presence of the late style in Mahler’s music.

Oscar Wilde, James Joyce, Flann O’Brien. Różne oblicza schyłkowości w procesie relatywizacji absolutu

Author(s): Dariusz Pestka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Oscar Wilde, only nominally representing the Victorian Era, remained very much a contrarian in his artistic endeavours, not in the social and political sphere, but rather in the artistic and moral sense. As a representative of aestheticism, he remained under the idealistic theories of John Ruskin, at the same time succumbing to the impressionist visions of Walter Pater and referring to French symbolists. James Joyce, in his aesthetic credo, eschewed the idea of moral renewal in the religious sense, but at the same time heavily alluded to the aesthetic conception rooted in Thomism. Through his extensive use of experimental techniques, which constitute the very essence of modernism, and his use of parody, he presented the history of humanity focusing on the disintegration of language and its primary communication functions. Flann O’Brien, on the other hand, a writer of the late modern period, anticipated the tendencies characteristic of postmodernism and adopted a sceptical attitude towards the epistemological tradition of the Western civilisation. The ambiguity of O’Brien’s prose manifests, among others, in his use of Menippean satire, which the author utilises in order to allude to the narrative characteristic of the 20th-century anti-utopia with post-apocalyptic undertones, at the same time parodying that literary convention.

Styl późny w służbie sztuki życia. O późnej poezji Davida Herberta Lawrence’a

Author(s): Alina Mitek-Dziemba / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The point of departure for the following article is the belief that the concept of the late style, which was conceptualised primarily in the context of artistic endeavours, due to itsreflection on the nature of maturing, growing old, or the complex relationship betweensubjectivity and time, appears to share a certain affinity with the philosophy of existencemuch broader than just the art theory. Stylisation can be thus treated as an ancillary term,subordinate to the domain of existential aestheticisation (Richard Schusterman), whoseexistence is clearly inscribed into the modern philosophical project, though, in a broadersense, it has been present in philosophy from the very beginning, manifesting itself in thefigure of life understood as a work of art. Thus, the author of the article ponders the notionof the late style in the context of the aesthetics of existence, while the primary researchgoal becomes its concrete exemplification on the basis of one of the later poetic works ofD.H. Lawrence—a writer who on the one hand was taken before his time by an insidious illness, and on the other hand developed his sense of “lateness” and belatedness with reference to his contemporaries who died in the First World War. The reflections on the matter are highly influenced by the excellent late (and unfinished) book by Edward Said, On Late Style.

O kończeniu i rozpoczynaniu, czyli co się rodzi, gdy przemija postać świata

Author(s): Marcin Trzęsiok / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article proposes a typology of articulation of the Romantic and modernist crisis of the Western Culture. The author distinguishes two primary narratives (rhetorics), inwhich the crisis is approached as a decline (twilight) or a new beginning (dawn). He alsointroduces yet another type—a rhetoric of dynamic stability, which emerges as a resultof the exhaustion of the idea of progress and guided history, in which the first two typesare deeply rooted. Moreover, the author characterises briefly each of these rhetorics andprovides examples of how each of them manifests in music. In the conclusions, the authorpoints to the potential for the emergence of a new philosophical paradigm, contained inthe premises of the rhetoric of dynamic stability.

Kallós Zoltán életműve

Author(s): Bertalan Andrásfalvy / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

MUZIKA I KULTURNI KONTEKST (specifičnosti promjene konteksta kroz historijske stilske muzičke periode)

Author(s): Indira Meškić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

From the eighteenth to the twenty-first century music, music art and music culture can be fully placed into the cultural context as a content available to anyone who wants to consume it. Although, even before that period of time, music was available in specific ways to art lover.

La musique rap et les minorités ethniques des banlieues populaires françaises

Author(s): Małgorzata Kamecka / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The author of the article is interested in the subjects touched upon in the texts of French rappers. The first part of the paper presents a short story of rap in France, next characterizes suburbs of big French cities, and then goes on to the analysis of selected authors’ lyrics (MC Solaar, Ministère A.M.E.R., Disiz, Assassin and Keny Arkana).In the 1990s French rappers became spokespersons for socially marginalized residents of the suburbs of French agglomerations and, on their behalf, refer to important social problems, among which important to mention are: exclusion, unemployment, injustice, racial discrimination as well as disappointment in the model of integration. The rappers also make a reckoning with history restoring the memory of the colonial past of their ancestors. The author of the article forms a thesis that the engaged texts expressing social criticism become an anthropological record of the situation of ethnic minorities in France and make a significant voice in the process of forming their identity.

Le hip-hop – culture d’une minorité qui se rebelle

Author(s): Andrzej Napieralski / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The hip-hop in the early days of its appearance is a tool to claim the rights by an oppressed community in front of a dominant group. This culture that is rather young has grown considerably in most countries of the world where it have been adapted to the needs of disadvantaged social groups fighting for their causes. In this research, based on French and Polish rap texts, we will demonstrate how the supporters of a minority movement are trying to fight to avoid being subject to a system they do not accept. Inspired by the concept of Pierre Bourdieu and “marchés-francs”, as well as by the Jean-Pierre Goudaillier idea of the FCC (the language of the French cities) we will demonstrate the linguistic tools for hip-hop supporters to face a dominant group.

Piękno, sztuka i elementy edukacji estetycznej w pismach polskich neotomistów dwudziestolecia międzywojennego

Author(s): Janina Kostkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the neo‑scholastic perspective, beauty is construed as the property of being and a feature of reality and human production, including art. It could be found in people’s ways of being and cultural heritage under the name of harmony, perfection or brilliance. The study of beauty is subject to the basic principles of the study of metaphysics. Beauty is an important factor in the development of identity: it uplifts and ennobles. The love of beauty includes rest, respite necessary for the human development. Art itself, not bound by the virtue of prudence, does not aim at improving the human subject, but it is concerned with the work of art itself. It is precisely because of this fact that the neo‑ Scholasticists perceive a conflict between morality and art; that danger, however, can be avoided if the artist is endowed with their own ethic, which contributes to an unwitting creation of ethical works. Art is without a doubt extremely important for the functioning of society and therefore should fulfill its social obligation through aesthetics education and making beauty, truth and goodness available to people from all walks of life.

Muzyka Szymanowskiego w dialogu intertekstualnym

Author(s): Bogumiła Mika / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author approaches the works of Karol Szymanowski—treated both as a subject and as an object—in an intertextual dialogue within the field of music. The article begins with a quick overview of intertextuality as a concept. The main aim of the article is to highlight the intertextual references to Szymanowski’s music. Those references, according to the author, are of a twofold nature: they can be either found in the works of Szymanowski themselves, through quotations, borrowings and styling his music after other composers (the subjective aspect), or they can be traced to works of other 20th‑century composers, who referred toSzymanowski’s oeuvre in their own music (the objective aspect). This analysis, in turn, leads to the conclusion that a lively dialogue between various texts of music constitutes a guarantee of the pleasure which comes from listening as well as an indisputable value in the domain of art.

Methodical Sonatas by Georg Philipp Telemann (1681–1767) and Their Contribution to Contemporary Instrumental Music Teaching

Author(s): Karol Medňanský / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the Baroque period of the 17th and 18th centuries, several excellent tractates that focused on the instrumental early music performance were printed. Alongside them, the published methodical early music was devoted to particular problems of instrumental performance. The example of that are Methodical Sonatas for Violin or Flute and Basso Continuo by Georg Philipp Telemann. They deal with quite a serious problem of ornamentation while drawing inspiration from the principles of the mixed – German style. Their methodical quality lies in the fact that the author writes their compositions in one line in the form the compositions are commonly written, while in the line beneath they add the recommended ways of ornamentation. In addition, they also serve as the methodical guide for a precise assignment of the period tempo at which the verbal expression had a different meaning than in the present time. In this sense we can benefit from the tractate by Johann Joachim Quantz entitled Attempt to Create Manual of Playing Diagonal Flute.

Pedagogický a estetický rozmer vnímania hudby

Author(s): Irena Medňanská / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The hearing of sound is a natural physiological process of each healthy person. This process is not equivalent with the process of the perception of music. Listening to music is a complex psychological process which leads to aesthetic experiences in a sophisticated manner. The perception of music is the ability to receive, to distinguish the pitch of tones and to understand sound relations, which at the same time is applied in musical education and which influences ear training. This difference is just one of the elements of a multi-faceted structural phenomenon which is called perception of music. The term musical reception should be understood as the perception of dynamics, timbre, key, rhythmic, melodic and harmonic properties, intervals between tones and metric values. The role of a teacher of musicconsists in the selection of didactic methods and procedures in order to teach studentsto perceive music in the process of musical education.

Wartości uznawane i realizowane przez studentów Akademii Muzycznej w Łodzi

Author(s): Ewa Kumik / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Everyone acts according to one’s own system of evaluating and qualifying values, dependent on one’s personal way of perceiving reality. Which values we recognize as valid and prefer in everyday life has been predicated on out upbringing and what has been presented to us as good and morally right. In the following article, the author presents the results of a study she conducted among the students of the Academy of Music in Łódź, concerning the values they recognize as valid and apply in everyday life. In her analysis, the author refers also to selected works on the topic, discussing the issues of the hierarchy of values and psychological and social conditioning for the choice of particular values.

Start zawodowy nauczyciela przedmiotów muzycznych w szkole wyższej

Author(s): Monika Waligóra / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The initial stages of the teacher’s professional career have always invited a plethora of questions, emotions and curiosity. This issue has become, therefore, the subject of study of the author of the following article. The presented preliminary research on the beginnings of the teaching career of a music teacher at a university showed that it is an area of study which deserves more attention, vaguely established and lacking empirical verification. The overview of literature on the topic allowed to create a preliminary list of criteria determining the professional adaptation of the young teacher. Among them, the author enumerates the following: research potential, teaching potential and interpersonal potential. The analysisconcludes with a presentation of research findings and an announcement of the intention to further pursue the topic academically.

Uplatnenie regionálnych folklórnych tancov v hudobnej výchove

Author(s): Jana Hudáková / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Folk dances utilised in education may foster the awareness of cultural heritage, dialogue with music and language and the ways of acquiring specific skills and developing musical capacity. The teaching of music with the incorporation of dance constitutes a complex of the components of studying in direct reference to the natural emotional and aesthetic experiences. This facilitates the development of numerous aspects of a child’s personality and enables them to express themselves by means of music.