Rola źródeł historycznojęzykowych we współczesnych badaniach etymologicznych

Author(s): Jadwiga Waniakowa / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Thanks to the Internet and electronic media the etymologists today have easier access to historical-linguistic, dialectal and onomastic sources as well as to etymological dictionaries. They also better access to many etymological monographs and studies. Moreover, today the etymologist has no problems making use of analogous materials published in foreign languages, the obtaining of which in the past had posed a major problem. This will clearly accelerate progress in etymological research, thereby opening up new vistas for etymology.

Од узорног омладинца до бутовника без разлога – популарне представе о фудбалерима у Југославији 50-их и 60-их година 20. Века

Author(s): Dejan Zec / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Sport, and football in particular, became very important factors in the social life of the 20th century Serbia and Yugoslavia. Because of its significance and influence on the masses, football was under heavy pressure of the political establishment throughout the century and those political factors tried to use football for their own political goals. The policy of football control which existed in pre-WW II Yugoslavia and during the war and occupation was continued during socialism. The communist authorities abolished the „bourgeois” sporting system and tried to build their own, using constraint, ideological indoctrination and propaganda. The popular notions of footballers were created and promoted by the controlled media, such as the press and the radio, and those notions were accepted by the public as completely true. Narratives which suited the authorities, such as the one about Stjepan Bobek and Rajko Mitić, which promoted and symbolized the idea of „Brotherhood and Unity”, camaraderie, modesty and willingness to work hard, were constantly present in the public sphere. The seamy side of Yugoslav sport, such as misconduct of sportsmen, ethnic tensions and moral and political corruption, were hidden away from the public. Using the propaganda, in the late 1940's and throughout the 1950's, the notion was created that footballers were model youths and upstanding and worthy members of the socialist community. In the 1960's there was a major shift in the popular views on football and footballers. The public generally focused more on the negative sides of football and footballers who were outside the box and who broke the standard patterns of behavior generally accepted in socialist Yugoslavia. During the 1960's a few footballers emerged who were both loved and hated by the press and by the public alike, such as Dragoslav Šekularac from the „Crvena zvezda” football club. He was probably the first real superstar of Yugoslav football. The causes of this shift in perspective were numerous, most notably larger accessibility of the media content to the average Yugoslav, but also the general trend of liberalization of the public sphere in 1960’s Yugoslavia, which allowed the press to write more freely. The consequences of such a change were numerous, the most important being that the Yugoslav football was rarely used in state political propaganda in the coming years. The football public became more critical and the negative trends in football more visible, making thus the further development of Yugoslav football more similar to that in the rest of Europe and of the world.

Osavremenjivanje mita maršala Tita: Digitalne sadašnjosti poništenih prošlosti

Author(s): Martin Pogačar / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Postsocialist realities are shaped by the digital communication technologies in side the framework of the digital media ecology (DME). Changes in understanding of the past preservation, archivation, reinvention and reinterpretation are induced by the development of technology in the media sphere. DME provides space and tools for re-emergence of history through individual storytelling. Digital display of the Yugoslav past finds its on-line manifestations in numerous exhibiting stiles, genres, strategies, connecting encyclopedic entries, blogs, personal web pages, audio and visual recordings, social networks, online museums. One of the most intriguing subjects, which is continuously repeating in post-Yugoslav past relationships is the most prominent icon of socialism – Josip Broz Tito. The article analyzes two cases of dealing with Tito’s heritage in the Digital Media Ecology: video „Jugoslavijo" posted at YouTube and internet page www.tito-bihac.org. Different audio/visual contents are combined in a specific Digital Media Objects, which are creating new personal and consequently collective visions of the past Analizing the capacities of digital presentation of the past as the space for social and/or political activity, the author states that digital media practices have a deeper meaning that surpasess a mear nostalgia, reinvention of the past, or a simple joke. Furthermore, in DME shared creativity together with the interpretations of the past can provide wider framework on the usage of the Yugoslav history.

Titova komunikaciona strategija kao politički činilac

Author(s): Predrag J. Marković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The paper tries to explain Tito’s communication strategy on several characteristic examples, from three different phases of his life. The first one is from his way to power within the Communist Party in 1928. His sudden rise in the ranks of the Party was partly enabled by his skilful performance at the 8th conference of the Zagreb’s Communists. Thereafter he attracted the attention of the public opinion, as well as of the Moscow, by his attitude at the „Bombers trial". He demonstrated a firm attitude that affirmed the public image of Communists. The second example of Tito’s communication strategy could be found in 1955-1956. Khrushchev came to Belgrade in May 1955 to apology for the Stalinist policy toward Yugoslavia. This led Tito to the conclusion that he could be a mentor to Soviets themselves. Therefore, he gave over enthusiastic statement on the future of socialism in Stalingrad, during his triumphal visit in 1956. Seeing the shock of the Western Allies, he immediately gave another, more balanced statement During 1956, he had to overcome complex and frustrating position of Yugoslavia in the Hungarian crisis. He also used a communication strategy to do so. Finally, perhaps the most brilliant case of his communication strategy is TV speech devoted to student rebellion in June of 1968. Contrary to all expectations of the more dogmatic Party apparatchiks, he supported students, with few „exceptions". Later this „exceptions" turned to be victims of the regime’s persecution. But, in the wake of his famous speech everybody was delighted: students, foreign media, even some dissidents. His careful timing and the precise calibrating of messages in this speech have remained as an example of the communication mastery.

Analýza mediálního diskurzu MF Dnes o znásilnění

Author(s): Tereza Hendlová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Analýza médií: rodové stereotypy v pozadí argumentácie rovnosti

Author(s): Monika Bosá / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Nacionalistička propaganda Vojislava Šešelja: sadržaj, tehnika, ciljevi i uticaji, 1990 – 1994. godina

Author(s): Anthony Oberschall / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Kako propaganda masovnih medija utiče na prihvatanje kolektivnog nasilja od strane običnih ljudi i njihovo učestvovanje u njemu i kako je Šešeljeva nacionalistička propaganda zagovarala i opravdavala prisilu i nasilje Srba protiv nesrba. Izveštaj veštaka pripremljen za Međunarodni krivični sud Ujedinjenih nacija za bivšu Jugoslaviju. Autor: dr Anthony Oberschall, počasni profesor sociologije na Univerzitetu Severna Karolina, Chapel Hill, Severna Karolina, SAD.

Helsinški odbor za ljudska prava u Srbiji o medijskom izveštavanju o procesu Vojislavu Šešelju u Hagu

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Početak suđenja Vojislavu Šešelju u Haškom tribunalu (7. novembar 2007), u većini medija u Srbiji najavljivan je i iščekivan pre svega kao prvorazredni medijski događaj, spektakl, odličan performans u kome glavnu ulogu ima 'naš čovek" , uz to pravnik, i koji će, sasvim izvesno, uspešno da "privede pravdi" haške tužitelje. Šešelj je optužen za zločine nad Muslimanima i Hrvatima u Hrvatskoj, Vojvodini i BiH 1991-93, koji su počinjeni u okviru "zajedničkog zločinačkog poduhvata" čiji je cilj bilo trajno uklanjanje nesrba i stvaranje proširene srpske države. Adrenalin Šešelja, oslobođen nakon 4,5 godina iščekivanja suđenja i potom usmeren koliko na hašku sudnicu, toliko i na srpsku javnost, naišao je, sa retkim izuzecima, na dobrodošlicu medija u Srbiji koji su se (posebno tabloidi) nadmetali u variranju Šešeljevih "dosetki" i divljenju njegovoj "retorici". Suđenje Šešelju jeste, po svojoj prirodi, veliki medijski događaj i nije nerazumljivo što mu je dat veliki publicitet, ili što je na samom početku tog suđenja drugi program RTS-a bio najgledaniji (čak gledaniji od rialiti šoa "Veliki brat"), što su svi mediji zabeležili. Obaveza medija jeste da informiše javnost, ali je problem u tome što je izveštaje sa suđenja Šešelju, veliki deo štampe u Srbiji prenosila ili "ravno", bez objašnjenja i ograda od kvalifikacija koje je on iznosio na suđenju i bez podsećanja na ideologiju optuženog i njegove stranke (SRS), ili senzacionalistički, uz opremanje izveštaja tako da se sugeriše nadmoć Šešelja i inferiornost Tribunala. U domišljanju naslova, tabloidi su često koristili sportsku terminologiju u kojoj je Šešelj, naravno, pobednik.

Zaklanjanje iza istorije

Author(s): Vladimir P. Petrović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Suđenje Vojislavu Šešelju je počelo dvodnevnom razmenom uvodnih reči tužiteljke Kristine Dal i optuženog. Ovi višesatni monolozi, čija je funkcija da najave tok procesa, naznače pozicije strana i osvetle njihove strategije, prikazani su naposletku na Drugom programu RTS-a. Prvog dana snimak je pratilo, kažu, pola miliona ljudi, drugog nešto manje od četiri stotine hiljada. Ukoliko su ove procene tačne, biće da je suđenje pred ekrane privuklo četiri puta više građana Srbije nego što je potpisalo zahtev za njegovo direktno prenošenje. Teško je reći koliko su gledaoci zaista bili zakovani za televizore, a gotovo je nemoguće proceniti šta su pri tom mislili, osećali i saznali. Izvesno je, međutim, da je Vojislav Šešelj, osokoljen ovom publikom, nastojao da odgovori njenim očekivanjima. "Ja se obraćam publici u Srbiji", eksplicirao je pred sam početak suđenja. "A Zapad me uopšte ne interesuje. Sa Zapada je kroz vekove samo zlo dolazilo Srbiji."

Slučaj Jovana Dulovića: Zašto tužilaštvo Haškog suda maltretira novinara „Vremena“

Author(s): Tatjana Tagirov / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Naš novinar Jovan Dulović ima dugačku historiju pomaganja Haškom tribunalu i Haškom tužilaštvu u njihovom traganju za istinom o krvavim ratnim godinama u bivšoj Jugoslaviji: Vukovar, Lovas, Zvornik... Prvi kontakt s haškim istražiteljima – na njihovu inicijativu – uspostavljen je još 1992. godine, kad još nitko nije optužen za zločine u Vukovaru i Lovasu (još se ne spominje ni "vukovarska trojka", ni Slobodan Milošević koji će još godinama nakon toga biti "garant mira i stabilnosti na Balkanu"), zahvaljujući izvještajima koje je Dulović pisao s vukovarskog ratišta i tome što se početkom te godine saznalo za strašni masakr 200 hrvatskih ratnih zarobljenika na Ovčari kod Vukovara.

Najteži posao u Srbiji

Author(s): Zoran Ćirjaković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Domaći scenaristi i dramaturzi, dobri đaci uglednih profesora, Filipa Davida, Nebojše Pajkića i Nenada Prokića, imaju jako težak zadatak – kako da napišu nešto bolje i zanimljivije od haške tragikomedije koju tri puta nedeljno možemo gledati na drugom programu RTS-a. Scenario za najbolji šou na televiziji piše grupa talentovanih amatera okupljenih u udruženju koje se zvanično zove “Tužilaštvo Međunarodnog krivičnog suda za bivšu Jugoslaviju”. Istina, izuzetan kvalitet njihovog teksta – to nije neki “spontani” rijaliti-šou, nalik “Velikom bratu”, ne primer, već preskupa, godinama pisana i pripremana produkcija – dolazi do izražaja zahvaljujući i do sada neotkrivenom daru jednog drugog amatera u svetu zabave, Vojislava Šešelja.

Mediji, izvještavanje i rodne uloge

Author(s): Belma Buljubašić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Društvene uloge medija su mnogostruke i mediji su važan dio našeg života, bez obzira na to da li smo pasionirani medijski konzumenti ili medijske sadržaje pratimo usputno. Kao osnovne uloge medija u društvu izdvajamo: obrazovnu, informativnu i zabavljačku. Medijske uloge se, svakako, mogu dodatno proširiti, što su učinili i brojni vodeći autori iz oblasti komunikologije (Rus-Mol, Zagorac-Keršer, Vreg, itd.) i svaka od tih funkcija se može detaljno interpretirati i analizirati.

Wirtualna rzeczywistość jako katalizator motywacji turystycznych - przykład spadochroniarstwa

Author(s): Marta Pilarczyk / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Brak możliwości przetestowania produktu turystycznego przed jego konsumpcją i nieświadomy charakter niektórych motywacji turystycznych to jedne z głównych problemów, z jakimi zmagają się przedsiębiorcy w branży turystycznej. Prowadzi to do poszukiwań nowych rozwiązań i nowych środków reklamy, które zachęciłyby potencjalnych turystów do określonych aktywności turystycznych. Jednym z takich rozwiązań jest, wykorzystywana już w turystyce, technologia wirtualnej rzeczywistości. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja wpływu wirtualnej rzeczywistości na motywację uczestnictwa w turystyce ekstremalnej. Omówione zostało zarówno pojęcie turystyki ekstremalnej, zagadnienie motywacji turystycznych, jak i istota wirtualnej rzeczywistości. Po dokonaniu przeglądu literatury przedmiotu z tego zakresu przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentu z wykorzystaniem gogli VR, na podstawie którego wskazano na istotne przesłanki stosowania wirtualnej rzeczywistości w procesie kształtowania motywacji turystycznych.

The Second Generation’s Discovery of Transnational Politics via Social Media

Author(s): Necdet Coşkun Aldemir / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The term “transnational politics” first began to emerge in the literature in the early 1970s with a focus on the changing patterns in the world politics and strategic linkages between states and non-state actors (see: Rosenau, 1969; Kaiser, 1971). Even in these early diagnoses, it was presupposed that there had been a growing -cultural, financial and political- interaction between diverse actors in the societies of different nation-states. Without a doubt, within the contemporary global processes that call into question the sovereignty of the nation-states, which are conceptualized as “denationalization” (Sassen, 1996; 2003) or “postnational” model (Soysal, 1994), transnational politics is much more influential in today’s global political conjuncture and its importance is increasingly growing. The changing conditions of current global politics empower the positions of NGOs, interest groups and non-state actors and signify the emergence of new players in the global political arena. Within this context, migrants’ transnational political practices gain particular significance and not only do they now more directly affect the way in which home countries’ policy-making processes are shaped, but they also have a considerable impact on the positionalities of the countries of residence and on the global public opinion at large.

Grounded theory and transnational audience reception

Author(s): Deniz Özalpman / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this study is to shed new light on debates about Turkish migration studies using a grounded theory (GT) method. My case study for this research is Magnificent Century, an internationally viewedand acclaimed popular television series that refers to the sixteenth century Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent associated with the pinnacle of Ottoman power in the world. The series dramatize the intrigues of his harem and court and most of the incidents and actions are based on real events and fictionalised subplots.

Peace Journalism or War Journalism: Representation of Refugees in Turkish Media

Author(s): Arda Umut Saygın / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Brutal conflicts in Middle-East and Africa has created a huge flow of migration to other countries which actually cause for Europe a serious refugee crisis since the II World War. In this process, due to its geographical region Turkey has become an important destination by refugees both for living in it and for using it as a transit point. Therefore, Turkish public is now familiar with the refugee issue because Turkey is hosting almost 3 million Syrian refugees, according to UN data (http://data.unhcr.org/ syrianrefugees/regional.php). By living in the same environment, refugees sometimes may face relatively little hostility and experience otherness in the public. On the other hand, there is also feeling in Turkish public which shows their philosophy of brotherhood that they have to accept the refugees in their lives because of the same cultural, religious and historical heritage. However, while it is possible to come across media contents about refugees almost every day, the mass media imposes a very dangerous picture about refugees. In the media, refugees mostly are seen as a problem, are shown with attention to the racist and intolerant events, and are not viewed with their painful living conditions. All these unfriendly approaches of mediaand its conflict orientation are the indicators of war journalism actually.

Gentrification in Istanbul and its (In)adequate Mediation of “Distant” Suffering - a Documentary Analysis

Author(s): Isabelle Mariacher / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Istanbul was once home to various ethnic and religious minorities, such as Armenians, Greeks, Roma, Jews and others. The population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923, the wealth tax in 1942, the Istanbul riots in 1955 and the Armenian Genocide during and after World War I played an important part in the migration processes of Jews, Armenians, Greeks and other minority groups (Sakizlioglu and Uitermark, 2014; Powell, 2014; Kreiser and Neumann, 2006). Several sources verify that the gentrification processes in some areas of Istanbul have their roots exactly in these migration patterns (Ergün, 2004; Islam et al., 2010; Sakizlioglu and Uitermark, 2014). The term migration, of course, is problematic in this context, because it “tends to obscure the fact that our firms and government agencies, and those of our allies, may have contributed to expulsions” (Sassen, 2013, p.1). Saskia Sassen (2015) detects a proliferation of urban transformations in big cities around the world and Sakizlioglu and Uitermark (2014), as well as Islam et al. (2010) even confirm an accelerated urban transformation for Istanbul.

Migration and Security: Three Capitals and Three Terrorist Attacks as Reflected in the Press

Author(s): Filiz Goktuna Yaylaci,Mine Karakuş Yetkin,Melis Karakuş / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

On October 10, 2015 a rally named “Peace right now against War, Peace, Labour Democracy” was organized at one of the central squares of Ankara the Capital of Turkey. The gathering place for the rally was at the gate of Central Station. At 10:04 as the crowds gathered and passengers were getting out of the newly arrived train two suicide attacks occurred. The attack was described as the deadliest throughout the history of the Turkish Republic. 103 people lost their lives 246 injured. The attack was claimed by ISIS.

WHOSE DIASPORA? RETHINKING DIASPORA POLITICS: CHINA’S OVERSEAS CHINESE ENGAGEMENT IN TRANSNATIONAL SPACES

Author(s): Carsten Schäfer / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In recent years, migration studies have increasingly started to draw attention to diaspora strategies pursued by nation states. Indeed, diaspora policies are becoming a common phenomenon in the globalized world: Large sending states such as China long have developed policies intended to embrace and control “their diaspora”. Using the example of Chinese migrants in Austria, this article focusses on China’s policies towards overseas Chinese and the complex transnational environments in which they unfold and evolve: How are these policies put into practice? And what actors exert influence on these processes? The mixed-method approach of this study is based on a qualitative content analysis of two Chinese language weeklies in Austria (Europe Weekly, hereafter: EW, and the Huaxinbao, HXB), of the Austrian Chinese internet forums www.achina.at (AC) and www.outuo.net (OT), as well as of Chinese state media. Included into the analysis are articles and postings that focus on activities of overseas Chinese organizations (mainly in Austria), on meetings between Chinese migrants and Chinese state officials, as well as on China’s overseas Chinese strategies. In addition, the analysis includes a critical interpretation and analysis of official Chinese documents, official statements by Chinese politicians, teaching materials for Chinese cadres, official publications on China’s diaspora politics, as well as of Chinese language research conducted in China.

SOCIAL MEDIA USE IN LGBTQI MOVEMENTS IN TURKEY

Author(s): Sinan Aşçı / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

To deepen our understanding of the relationship between social media and political movements since 2013 when Gezi Park Protests sparked as a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Turkey, events must have been situated in a larger context of media use and recent history of online activism. Since that day, the most successful social movements in Turkey were those using social media to expand networks of disaffected people, broker relations between activists, and globalize the resources. By this way, social media afforded those people the means to shape repertoires of contention, frame the issues, propagate unifying symbols, and transform online activism into offline protests. Because of being apparently excluded in all the forms of mass media, dissenting voices tend to form alternative spheres creating a different public sphere, a type of public sphere which is increasing the possibilities for a public articulation of experience. As a way of “survey research,” social media accounts of LGBTQI NGOs in Twitter, as an online public sphere, were observed in a meta analysis way. Data collected from this first-hand observation was evaluated with the help of content analysis techniques. The survey sample was designated with these accounts’ names, number of posts, followers, and other/optional information stated in the accounts specifically belonging to the platform. Based on the data, this chapter aims to analyze what LGBTQI individuals generate for resistance, and how they have used social media in their movements since 2013, precisely based on the use of social media platform mentioned above during Pride Weeks in subjected years. The findings shed light on the social media use and habits of LGBTQI communities.