Transitions Online_Society-When Revisiting History is a Threat
Why do the Belarusian authorities oppose the revision of the Great Patriotic War myth?
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Why do the Belarusian authorities oppose the revision of the Great Patriotic War myth?
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This article analyzes elements of the social and demographic profile of Croatian media audiences in order to identify what may determine their perceptions of the Croatian media and their overall trust in the media. The analytical data that forms the foundation of this examination derives from the research project, “Trust in Media”, ordered by the Faculty of Political Science at the University in Zagreb and conducted in co-operation with the Zagreb-based research agency Media Metar, on nationally representative probability samples. The main assumption is that the differences in demographic characteristics and cultural capital within media audiences affect personal attitudes toward media institutions and overall trust in the media. Emphasis is allotted to the differences in professional qualifications, as an indicator of cultural capital, as well as on the differences in other social and demographic characteristics and on the relationship of media consumption and trust in media. Relying on the results of previous studies, this article examines the extent of which perception and trust in the media may be explained by differences in social and demographic characteristics.
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Prethodno smo insistirali na prenosnim mehanizmima preko kojih se prelivaju životni materijalni procesi u odgovarajuće forme estetske svesti - kompleks estetskog saznanja. Iz tih napomena proističe da je novonastalo iskustvo u trivijalnoj praksi, ona bitna društveno verifikovana sadržina koja neodoljivom snagom nadire „odozdo” i traži adekvatne forme objektivacije. Iskustveni kompleks se, objektivisan u odgovarajuće forme i strukture, javlja kao podloga različito inspirisanih reakcija ljudi na umetnički transponovanu stvarnost, što je istovremeno i način artikulisanja estetske svesti date sredine. Te forme objektivacije iskustvenih kompleksa su opet, predestinirane ne samo prirodom iskustva, nego i medijumskim tehnikama čijim posredstvom se sadržaj i iskustva ne samo objektiviraju, nego i simbolički posreduju u procesu recipročne razmene poruka, komunikacije.”
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This text attempts to consider the relationship between economics and culture through the analysis of the category of cultural capital of Pierre Bourdieu in the context of its roots in the concept of Karl Marx’s capital. The main aim of the article is an attempt to answer the question of why capital seems to be necessary analytical category, without which it is impossible to capture and describe the mechanism of capitalizing symbolic resources so characteristic for logic of late capitalism.
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There is argued, that the culture of social- economic security has impact on the socio-economic development of state. It is formed at several levels of human interaction: with oneself, other people, work, environment, community groups, state, world, God. There is proved that low level of culture of socio-economic security of Ukraine's population, especially state leaders has a destructive effect on the economic development, labour potential, and increasing level of corruption. The necessity to develop a culture of social- economic security in the state economic policy is proved.
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There is more to the literary polemic between the author of The Doll and the creator of The Trilogy than merely Prus’ contradictory review of Sienkiewicz’s With Fire and Sword. It also includes The Doll’s multifarious allusiveness to Fire in the Steppe, manifested in particular in the meaningful, symbolic ending, whereby both protagonists blow themselves up, literally and metaphorically cornered in old buildings. Prus converses with Sienkiewicz in a discreet manner, though the careful reader will spot contentious issues. These include the struggle for a different type of protagonist – not a hero, but an individual entangled in romantic myths, paralysing their life forces; a different perception of the past, rational and fair rather than glorified and martyrological; finally, a different outlook on the present and the future, promoting entrepreneurship and economy as tools for the development of Poland as a European partner, rather than the idealistic focus on the utopian, foregone concepts of military achievements. The text highlights the similarities in the characters of Wokulski and Wołodyjowski, with special emphasis on the final scenes and the demise of the world after the protagonists’ respective disappearance. The two famous literary suicides, patterning after the deed of Ordon as depicted in Mickiewicz’s poem, have been parodied (e.g. by Mrożek) and adopted, thus becoming literary weapons in the struggle with the Polish mythopoeia, xenophobia, and exaggerated patriotism.
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The article is devoted to the research of the key concept of the Russian language culture ‘святой’. The relevance of the work is predetermined by the growing interest to the formation strategy of values and moral norms in the modern world as well as the culture maintenance in general. The detailed research of the lexical semantic field of the concept allowed making conclusions about transformations of the semantic meaning of the concept in the history of the Russian language: gradual extinction of desacralized meanings was mentioned. Appealing journalistic discourse gave an opportunity to determine the frequency secular and sacred meanings of the concept are being used in the modern Russian language. It has been concluded that proportion of the secular and sacred meanings of the concept “святой”is directly connected to the cultural epoch.
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The concept of entropy was first introduced by Clausius in thermodynamics in 1865. Entropy - the function that establishes the link between the macro and micro states; the only function that shows the direction of processes. Entropy - state function of the system, which is independent of the transition from one state to another, and depends only on the initial and final position of the system. This term is very often found in postmodern literature.
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The article presents the results of an empirical survey of the value systems of Orthodox Christians, Catholics, Armenian Apostolic Church, Muslims and Judaists. The survey is carried out by using Schwartz’s Survey questionnaire of values. Schwartz referred to the opinion that the difference between values is based on the types of motivational aims they express. The actions of each type has psychological, practical and social results, which could oppose or, on the contrary, compatible with each other and stimulate each other’s development. According to our hypothesis, every religion has a great influence on the formation of a person’s value system, which is reflected on one’s actions. The goal of our survey is to check up this hypothesis. The results have shown that the value system structure of the believers in God living in Georgia, the members of all five traditional religious groups, is coherent and compatible, and that it excludes motivational conflicts and correspondingly any development of psychological problems. Thus, the results obtained confirm the hypothesis that religion affects the formation of a person’s value system structure: religious people have coherent value systems, which hinder motivational conflict and, therefore, creation of disorientation.
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Analyzing the contents of the Books of the Maccabees (1-2 Macccanonical and 3-4 Macc apocryphal) it can be noted that their authors –on the canvas of the story associated with the revolt of the Maccabees and the persecution of the Jewish community – also touched upon issues of the presence and role of women in the religion and culture of ancient Israel in Hellenistic times. Although women mentioned by the authors women are anonymous, one can, however, learn a lot about their lives in this period. The authors in fact give different information about the women of different status: young girls, virgins/unmarried maidens,wives, mothers, widows, grandmothers as well as prostitutes. Of particular note are women who demonstrated heroism in defense of God’s Law.The mother of seven sons, presented in 2 Macc and 4 Macc, stands out in this respect as – for the fidelity to the Law – she suffered a martyr’s death, encouraging earlier her own sons to assume the same attitude. To sum up, one can conclude that women in the Jewish community of the time, which was clearly dominated by men, played important roles and in certain circumstances were able to do heroic deeds.
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According to a sociological research about the role of religion in lives of volunteers of SGC (School Groups of Caritas), young people still keep the same traditional patterns as previous generations. On the other hand, because of some dynamic cultural and social changes, and in the current time of gradual secularization, their approach to faith is changing. In fact, the doctrinal selectivity of the volunteers of SGC at the Diocese of Elk becomes more and more noticeable than ever before.Many of them say that their faith is their own private matter.There is a high risk of loss of Christian identity by many young volunteers. As a matter of fact, some of them are already seeing volunteering as one of the social activities rather than a form of apostolic approach to those who are in need. As a result, volunteering for Caritas may no longer be considered a way to holiness, which is impossible without Christ, for He is the way. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to focus on intellectual and spiritual formation of the volunteers. Religious lives of the members of SGC should be developed through ecclesial resources of spiritual formation with special reference to the spirituality of Caritas foundation. As a result, spiritual life of each volunteer of SGC would strengthen the unity of all members of SGC and the Church.
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Culture is a nation's public life. The most important elements of culture are traditions, customs and beliefs. Festivals are the reflection face of social life that every nation's traditions, customs and belief. Religious holidays are celebrated on a certain day of the year and according to a schedule. Because of these properties, religious festivals which takes its source from public life is a collective phenomenon. In this article firstly we will discuss the importance of religious holidays in Turkish and Russian culture. Then we will explain comparatively these religious festivals celebrated in certain periods of the year in both countries. Referring to the importance of the most important religious holidays of Muslim Ramadan, Feast of sacrifices and Muslim holiday nights in Turkish culture we will talk about the most important religious holidays in Russia such as Christmas, Easter and Maslenitsa.
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After the end of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union in the 1990s, the economic, political and cultural relations between Turkey and newly independent Turkic Republics of Central Asia have intensified, which reflected in its impact on implemented projects in the field of education. Ministry of National Education of Turkey engaged in the educational work regarding the region. Beside that in order to show pupils the cultural, geographical and historical closeness between Turkey and Turkic Republics of Central Asia, texts, images and maps have been added in to the textbooks. Within this context this study will analyse the stance of Turkic Republics of Central Asia in these religious culture and moral knowledge textbooks.
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Based on the data for 80 countries from the fourth wave of the World Values Survey, we analyzed the social distance of Serbian citizens towards the selected vulnerable and stigmatized groups considering their attitude towards hypothetical neighbourhood. It has been established that with this respect Serbia belongs to the group of moderately tolerant countries. However, there are significant differences, depending on the group towards which the distance was measured. Serbian respondents are less tolerant than the world average when it comes to the attitude towards the emotionally instable, HIV positive people and LGBT population, while they are more tolerant when it comes to other races, the Roma and former convicts. The distance towards chronic alcoholics and drug users is the same as in the remainder of the world. Still, in both the world and Serbian sample, the highest percentage of rejection refers to the persons who abuse psychoactive substances. In the group of former Yugoslav countries, Serbia and Slovenia are the most tolerant, while the residents of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro are the least tolerant. The differences between 80 countries in respondents’ distance towards all included vulnerable groups are fairly high, even maximum, and depend on numerous factors. It is recommendable that future research enlarges the circle to other representatives of vulnerable groups and other social relations.
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With its different definitions, its pluralist structure and its contribution to the political, social and cultural space of Turkey, besides constituting an important factor; Alevism; is a often debated concept and a mobilization tool nowadays. Since the Ottoman period Alevism has a struggle of identity. Their marginalization in the Ottoman Empire as well as in the later periods of the Republic due to the characteristics of their belief system, their definition as the „other‟ by the opposition forces have caused great difficulties for Alevis. Because of the oppression they have experienced, they could not sufficiently express themselves and could not attain a cultural autonomy. However, with the transition to the multi-party system and migration flows from the country-sides to the cities, the situation has began to change and especially with the effect of the political activities of the mid-1960‟s, the Alevi community, especially the young generation has began to take its places in the society. Alevis that formed an important fraction of the 68 generation have adopted leftist orientations that formed the basis of their identity formation. This process has continued throughout the 1970‟s. But events between 1978-80 have once more deeply affected the Alevis and they once more retired into themselves. Besides observing the identity formation of the Alevi youth between 1968-80, this article also highlights the importance of their contributions to the political development and to the direction of this development in these periods.
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U nedjeljno poslijepodne 31. jula 2016., sjedio sam u hoteskoj sobi u Vancouveru i gledao živi prijenos Parade ponosa gdje je, kako su to naveli glavni mediji, "zasjala moć ljubavi": svi su bili tamo, stotine tisuća ljudi, ili u povorci na čijem je čelu bio niko drugo do kandski premijer Justin Trudeau s cijelom svojom obitelji koja je preotela šou, ili među publikom koja je promatrala paradu i srdačno aplaudirala. (Takva ljubav, naravno, nema ništa zajedničko sa silnom strašću autentične ljubavi, ekskluzivno usmjerene na pojedinačno biće koje potpuno narušava naš svakodnevni uobičajeni ritam. "Ljubav" koja je zasjala na paradi je jedno stupidno sveobuhvatno "osje- ćanje preplavljenosti" za koje Freud nije imao smisla, osjećanje koje je ideološki utjelovljeno, osjećanje koje poništava svaki sukob i antagonizam.)
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В анализираните над 5000 български пословици се откриват културните стереотипи и представи за мъжа и жената и домини- ращите тенденции и оценки във връзка със пола, фиксираните в езика. Поголямата част от пословиците принадлежи към мета- джендърното равнище, полово-социалният фактор няма водещо значение, но в изследвания материал са отчетливо изразени андроцентричност, т.е. отражението на мъжката перспектива, и женския поглед към света.
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The article discusses the urbanistic hibridity of Kaunas district, Šilainiai, and it is analysed as a successfully transformed district both culturally and socioeconomically. The author discloses not only the architectural contrasts between the Soviet heritage of bloc buildings for „sleeping“ and modern private houses, but also a variety of businesses starting with food supermarkets and ending with small local markets. The article also analyzes this district as post-industrial. There are many entertainment services as well as art projects that intend to transform Šilainiai district into an art zone. In general, post-socialist perspectives bespeak of Šilainiai as of a multilayer district.
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This article is based on an idea of ethical relativism. The idea is that cultural differences can influence our perception of the moral value of certain actions. Hence, the article analyzes the aspect of ethnology in the context of ethical relativism. The author also discusses the concepts of moral relativism and ethical relativism. These concepts state that differing points of view can influence the perception of morality. Among these points of view are existing cultural differences. The concept of cultural relativism also states that every culture should be held as unique and equal to another and therefore contributing to the creation of the science of ethnology. The conclusion is that the analysis of cultures could open new perspectives in understanding the unique views of ethics in general and diverging ethical issues in particular.
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