"Namćori" iz komšiluka: predstavljanje starosti u domaćoj televizijskoj reklami

Author(s): Ljubica Milosavljević / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2010

This paper is the result of a three-month monitoring of Serbian television commercials which aimed to study the way elderly people are represented in the media. Elderly people appear in only six commercials, more often as a functional part of a series than as protagonists. Yet in spite of the small number of commercials in which they appear, it is easy to identify the stereotypes which are translated from a social paradigm into the sphere of the media. The stereotypes on which commercials are based belong for the most part to the corpus of negative stereotypes of elderly people as hopelessly behind the times, feeble, lonely, irritating, cantankerous, etc. Some positive stereotypes are also evident, but they are mostly limited to a perception of elderly people as kindly givers of useful advice. It is interesting to note that the "cantankerous people next door" are as a rule anonymous elderly people, as are those "lost in time and space", who are mostly elderly women. In contrast, those who let their careers and images be associated with a certain product, in order to pass on their great experience and knowledge, are as a rule famous persons. Just as it is possible to make a distinction between commercials depending on whether or not the products advertised are targeted at the elderly – which they rarely are – and whether elderly people appear in leading or supporting roles, in order to make viewers laugh or annoy them, so it is possible to distinguish between the "real-life principle", which involves the translation of the society’s dominant attitudes into commercials, and "commercial reality", which either makes old age invisible or "masks" it so that it is pleasant to the eye. The reason that old people are absent from television commercials or are mostly represented in a negative light is to be found in the low purchasing power of this age group, but also in the fact that advertising in Serbia developed practically overnight, and therefore has not always been able to follow foreign advertising trends, which treat the elderly as a worthy target audience for commercials.

"Nisu dali gospodaru 'z ruk...“. Starost u prigorskim i zagorskim selima između dva svjetska rata

Author(s): Suzana Leček / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 23/2000

The paper deals with the position of the elderly in the complex families of the Prigorje and Hrvatsko Zagorje regions in the time period between the World War I and the World War II. It aims at answering the questions until what age do people maintained the power within their families, how was this power expressed, and how their work and ownership over land influenced their maintenance of authority. The paper also warns about the differences between the widowers and widows, shown through the differences in the land ownership.

50+ in the world of computerization: can we talk about digital exclusion?

Author(s): Roland Łukasiewicz / Language(s): English / Issue: 1EV/2016

The contemporary scale of social space computerization should go hand in hand with the possibilities of implementation of new technologies in any group. In fact, the desire to make changes meets the wall of opposition from both the technical and digital divide problems associated with the lack of digital literacy. The article presents the scale of the problem of the digital divide of seniors representing a wide audience of people with no practical possibility of using a computer or the Internet.

50+ w świecie informacji, czy można mówić o wykluczeniu cyfrowym?

Author(s): Roland Łukasiewicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 01/2016

Contemporary social space scale computerization should go hand in hand with the possibilities of implementation in each of the groups of new technologies. In fact, the desire to meet changes at the front of the wall of opposition from both the technical and digital exclusion problems associated with the lack of digital literacy. The development sets the scale of the problem of the digital divide and seniors representing a wide audience of people with no practical possibility of using a computer and the Internet.

A Greek tragedy of our time? Institutional and financial dimension of Health Promotion for Older People in Greece

Author(s): Milena Pavlova,Yannis Skalkidis,Wim Groot,Agnieszka Sowa,Stanisława Golinowska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Despite the numerous legislative documents and public health institutions in Greece, the country lacks a comprehensive and robust long-term policy perspective in the public health area. The traditionally higher priority attached to curative care than to public health actions, is the major reason of the shortcomings. This country report draws upon several national reports focused on the Greek health system, and other country-specific sources in order to outline the major institutional and financing challenges for health promotion in Greece, and specifically health promotion for older adults. The paper is based on the method of narrative literature review. The findings show that health promotion actions for elderly persons do take place in Greece but mainly in urban areas and/or within the framework of EU-funded projects. Government efforts are required to stimulate coordinated public health interventions at the local level focusing on the positive effects of health promotion. The health promotion programs that are successfully implemented, should receive the necessary government support to assure their long-term sustainability.

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ABOUT INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY LIFE CONDITIONS IN THREE SOCIAL CARE CENTERS

Author(s): Cositnela Georgescu,Carmen Daniela Domnariu,Valeriu Ardeleanu,Cristian-Catalin Gavat / Language(s): English / Issue: 51/2015

A retrospective study was made on 195 institutionalized elderly people and was carried out between 2002-2006 in three social care centers from Galati county: “Sf. Spiridon” retirement home (A), “Stefan cel Mare” social care center (B) and Medicalsocial center (C). The aim of this study is to find out the real social life conditions of institutionalized elderly, the shortcomings and positive aspects of their existence, in order to design future measures to improve quality of elderly life in all aspects. Actual quality of life was assessed by, taking into account physical and psychosocial environment, quality of elderly social care, satisfaction degree of assisted persons in relation to living conditions and existing relationships, their health state, as well as to identify the causes that led institutionalization of such persons As working tools were used: individual questionnaire, training manual, sampling lists, summary tables. The study undertaken in Romania confirmed that elderly coming from “Sf. Spiridon “retirement home have the highest average age (up to 75 years old). Loneliness was the main reason which caused elderly admission for institutionalization in three nursing homes (49.6% among the elderly in the Sf. Spiridon retirement home (A), 43.2% for those from “Stefan cel Mare” social care center (B) and 38.1% of the elderly from Medical-social center (C). Other important reasons were represented by lack of housing and insufficient storage house space. The highest elderly percentage who came into social care centers A, B, C on their self will is 85.3%, 64.9% and 45.2%, respectively.

A Study of Aging Topic Focusing on the Catholic Social Doctrine and Sen’s Capability Approach

Author(s): Hsiang-Yi Lin,Daisy Tai-Hsing Day / Language(s): English / Issue: 37/2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the topic of older people in the world from the perspective of the Social Teaching of the Church. As explained in Christifideles Laici, the Catholic Church believes that the laity is summoned to pave the way for the arrival of God's Kingdom, and people who are at an advanced age should still respond to God's calling through their own unique way of contribution. In Familiaris Consortia it is emphasized that the Church should help older people manifest their roles both in families and religious groups. Although it is mentioned in these two apostolic exhortations that older people are blessed with wisdom, it is not explained as they actually acquire such a blessing. In order to address this issue and elaborate on the meaning of older people's wisdom, Grün's theory on the nature of older people's wisdom and where such a blessing comes from is insade reference to in this study. Moreover, it is emphasized in the apostolic exhortation of Familiaris Consortio that older people are often marginalized in today's industrialized and urbanized society and neglected in their families, while also enduring psychological and/or physical pain. Addressing this issue, the value of older people's work and their unshirkable missions and duties are explained in the present study by examining the nature and value of man's work as mentioned in Laboretn Exercens. Sen's "capability approach" is also utilized in the present study as a way to examine older people's values and the deprivation of their capability, allowing an in-depth analysis of this topic. The findings of this study reveal that Grun's theory of older people's wisdom being shaped by their life-experiences is significantly complementary to the messages on older people in Christifideles Laici and Familiaris Consortio. While Sen's capability approach does not offer a complete set of values or cultural system that solves this problem, the approach of "civilization of love" proposed in the Social Teaching of the church is very useful in helping one contemplate on the problems faced by older people around the world.

Active ageing, intergenerational solidarity, participatory democracy: Elderly Community Discussion on active and quality ageing from an intergenerational perspective

Author(s): Annamária Orbán / Language(s): English / Issue: 1-2/2017

Active and quality ageing are among the most challenging issues in many countries, especially in the ageing Europe, including Hungary. As part of an EU funded programme, the author conducted a qualitative research of active and quality ageing in an urban environment – based on focus group discussions as well as a simplified community jury (CJ) called Elderly Community Discussion (ECD), with participation of elderly residents of one of the largest district municipalities in Budapest – the results of which are presented in this paper. The main research questions were related to the quality of elderly people’s lives across many dimensions, how to prolong their active age, and how to involve them again in various segments of economic, social, and community life, especially in participatory decision and policy making. From an intergenerational solidarity perspective, the results shed light on the critical question of how they can feel worthy, healthy (both in physical and metaphysical sense) and how they can help younger generations – based on their knowledge and rich social and cultural capital – beyond their family ties.

Age differences in the Irrelevant Sound Effect: A Serial Recognition Paradigm

Author(s): Helene Schwarz,Sabine Schlittmeier,Annette Otto,Malte Persike,Maria Klatte,Margarete Imhof,Bozana Meinhardt-Injac / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

In adults, the disrupting effect of irrelevant background sounds with distinct temporal-spectral variations (changing-state sounds) on short-term memory performance was found to be robust. In the present study, a verbal serial recognition task was used to investigate this so-called Irrelevant Sound Effect (ISE) in adults and 8– to 10-year-old children. An essential part of the short-term memory impairment during changing-state speech is due to interference processes (changing-state effect) which can be differentiated from the deviation effect of auditory distraction. In line with recent findings (Hughes et al., 2013), our study demonstrates that the changing-state effect is not modulated by task difficulty. Moreover, our results show that the changing-state effect remains stable for children and adults. This suggests that the differences in the magnitude of the ISE as reported by Elliott (2002) and Klatte et al. (2010) are most likely related to the increase in attentional control during childhood.

Ageing Map Of The Balkan Peninsula

Author(s): Ivana Magdalenić,Marko Galjak / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Age structure of a population, representing the final result of all the demographic processes, tells a unique story which incorporates not only the main demographic components, but also its history, cultural and political characteristics of the population. Through its history the Balkan Peninsula has been alluring to all kinds of demographic research. The process of aging, which is intensifying in all developed countries, will increasingly be the main focus of future demographic research. Although there is undeniable general shift in the age structure, there are many regional differences in the Balkan Peninsula. Thus, for the purpose of this paper we created a choropleth map of the Balkans showing the age structure at NUTS 3 regional level. For the purposes of this paper borders of the Balkan Peninsula are defined by Jovan Cvijić in his homonymous work. Toward a more complete understanding of the ageing phenomena in the Balkans we conducted an analysis of regionalization of ageing, to serve as a backbone for the analysis of age structure at the national level. We compare ageing borders with ethnic, religious and political borders in the peninsula.

Aging in place. Design w obronie wieku

Author(s): Grzegorz Gawron,Paulina Rojek-Adamek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 02/2017

The subject of the article is to reflect on the challenges that contemporary designfaces in the area of shaping urban space.This issue is particularly important in the context of the observed process of aging, which is associated with the necessity to adjust the physical and social environments to the changing needs of a growing group of seniors. Their free and independent functioning is determined to a large extent by external factors, including spaces that are their living environment. There is a place for a special dimension of urban design. Its main goal should be to create environments that facilitate the maintenance of good health, generating a sense of security and maintaining a sense of well-being of their users. This approach is directly linked to the concept of Aging in Place, understood as giving the opportunity to remain in the living environment at every stage of life, with maximum autonomy for as long as possible.

AGING THROUGH THE ETERNAL NOW

THE IMMORTALITY OF THE SOUL AND ITS DEFIANCE AGAINST AGING

Author(s): Dominic Sheridan / Language(s): English / Issue: 17/2016

This article is about why an how the soul and mind do not age or change in the same way a the body and brain. Because the coul and body are distinct and separate substances, they must ultimately belong to diffrent realities, and because of this the soul cannot adhere to the rules of a reality of which does not control it. The reality of the body is temporal, and therefore it will agead die, whereas the reality of the soul is eternal and will not age and die.This article is about why and how the soul and mind do not age or change in the same way as the body and brain. Because the soul and body are distinct and separate substances, they must ultimately belong to different realities, and because of this the soul cannot adhere to the rules of a reality of which does not control it. The reality of the body is temporal, and therefore it will age and die, whereas the reality of the soul is eternal and will not age and die. Further to this, because the mind is a faculty of the soul, it necessarily will not age and die like the brain, but it will be effected both positively and negatively by the brain during the reality of the temporal life, unlike the soul. Because the mind needs the brain in order to think and understand in the temporal reality, then it stands to reason that the mind will appear to degenerate like the brain, but in the non-temporal reality the mind remains unaffected. Because of these things, there must also be a realisation that reason is the domain of temporality, whereas revelation is the domain of eternity. Because of this, we will conclude that reason will ultimately fail and revelation will not. The body also needs nourishment, as does the soul, but this is different for each. The body and the soul need nourishment from their own kind; ashes and dust for the body, and God for the soul. The body is made from ashes and dust; the soul is made in God’s image. The changing of the created function of something is what determines its continued existence, and while the body changes, the soul does not. The use of tense-laden grammar is characteristic of the temporal reality, but tense cannot exist in eternity where there is a constant ‘now’. It is demonstrated that these grammar concepts do not even exist in temporality, as there is no past or future ‘existing’. The present, being the only true existing tense, is also the only truth we can assert about the soul whose created function is to live. It exists through the eternal now, while the body ages and dies in temporality.

Aktuelni problemi u istraživanju tranzicije u odraslost sa osvrtom na Srbiju

Author(s): Suzana Ignjatović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2009

The paper explores theoretical and methodological aspects of transition to adulthood. The concept is discussed within the framework of life course paradigm. The concept of transition to adulthood is operationalized as four dimensions: family transition, professional (career) transition, financial status transition and housing transition. We discuss in detail the process of becoming an adult in Serbian society. The thesis of specific type of transition to adulthood, named prolonged adolescence, has been fully examined. The analysis is based on data collected in a survey (2003) of young people aged 17-35. In the paper we focus on the subsample of respondents aged 34-35 being a post-transitional cohort. The 34-35 cohort trajectory to adulthood is explored as an indicator of general trend in transition to adulthood in a period of radical social turmoil.

Aktywizacja społeczna osób starszych w Polsce

Author(s): Kalina Pędziwiatr / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 14/2015

The issue concerning activation of the elderly is mainly presented in raports or special programmes aimed at preventing the seperation of senior citizens from the society. The examination of social activity among the old is frequently conducted in scientific literature.The first part of this research paper focuses on the selected ways and forms of social activation of older people in Poland, including Senior interest groups, University of the Third Age, self-help organizations, volunteering, time-based currency, cultural organizations or The Council for the Eldrely. The second part analyses the governmental forms of support for the elderly. However, the final part presents particular activities involving senior citizens.

Aktywność Edukacyjna Jako Czynnik Wzrostu Aktywności Zawodowej Osób Starszych

Author(s): Anna Niewiadomska,Ewa Sobolewska-Poniedziałek / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

The article undertakes the problem of the educational activity of elderly people. The research objective is, on the one side, showing the correlation between professional activity of elderly Polish people and their level of education, and on the other hand, the presentation of own research illustrating the attitude and experience of elderly people in the area of education and professional training. The analysis is made based on own research as well as the secondary data which picture educational and professional activity of elderly Poles against the background of the European Union member states. Comparative analysis of the level of educational involvement, measured by means of participation in education and professional training shown elderly Polish people take part in the process of improving qualification in a smaller degree than the inhabitant of the EU. At the same time regularity, manifesting itself in an increase in the level of their professional engagement proportionally to higher levels of education, can be observed. The results of own study showed that the majority of respondents recognize the important role of educational activity in the context of an individual’s position in the labor market. As many as 65% of respondents believed that education, both formal and informal learning, is crucial for maintaining employment or finding job. At the same time more than 74.6% have not been learning in the last 10 years.

Aktywność fizyczna przyczynkiem do satysfakcji w geriatrii

Author(s): Jerzy Rottermund,Andrzej Knapik / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 21/2015

Statistical data and forecasts point to an increasing number of elderly in european societies, including also Poland. This demographic state, causes an economical and social consequences, both in individual as well as in social dimension (health care, social support, etc.). Therefore a gaining increasing importance has the issue of successful aging. The notion of satisfaction is defined as “a feeling of pleasure and contentment” which contributes to feeling of happiness, joy and quality of life. Pointing to the life satisfaction of elderly, must first of all take into consideration, their current state of health and independent physical functioning in environment that allows to keep psychomotor performance.Physiological process of aging is accompanied by qualitative and quantitative changes in organs and systems of human body. These natural processes are complex and irreversible, ultimately leads to reduce psychophysical and regenerative capabilities of human. One of the key determinants which cause and give the satisfaction is a healthly lifestyle with properly dosed level of a physical activity. The primary purpose of a physical activity of elderly, with particular indication of exercises is: independent functioning, inhibiting of progressive involutional changes, improve mood, maintain of correct figure and improving of balance. Physical activity of elderly may have significantly impact to the attitudes towards own person, increasing the quality of life and giving the satisfaction feeling.

Allan Kellehear: The Inner Life of the Dying Person

Author(s): Carrie H. Ryan / Language(s): English / Issue: 06/2016

Alterssicherung und Politik bei schrumpfender Bevölkerung

Author(s): Joachim Wiemeyer / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2015

The article discusses the consequences of birth decline in Germany and other European countries especially for the old-age pension system. Income of old people has to be part of the national income of the same period so that it could be gained through taxes from the active working population. Capital building outside the national borders only can bring little help but it is connected with many risks. The political implication of longer living population and birth decline is that the majority of voters are older than 60 years. But there is no fear of government of the aging people because the interests of old people are heterogeneous.

ANALIZA PRZESTRZENNA PROCESU STARZENIA SIĘ POLSKIEGO SPOŁECZEŃSTWA

Author(s): Katarzyna Zeug-Żebro / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 36/2/2014

The first law of geography formulated by W. Tobler in 1970, which says that everything is related, but near objects are more related than distant ones, spatial modeling has become an important research area. The methods which were developed proved to be excellent tools which can also be used in regional analysis. The most common are measures of spatial autocorrelations, which show the dependence of variables in respect of spatial localization. Spatial correlation allows to determine that intensification of a given phenomenon is more perceivable in neighboring units than in units distant from each other. The main objective of this paper is to study the spatial dependences of demographic aging index using measures of global and local spatial autocorrelation. The data used in analysis come from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office. All calculations and presented maps were made in the R CRAN.

Analiza źródeł informacji o produktach w segmencie polskich seniorów na podstawie wyników badań

Author(s): Magdalena Dołhasz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2016

Purpose of the article – People over 65, seniors, are one of the most rapidly developing segment of the Polish adult population. “Seniors”, “silver citizens”, “segment 55+/60+” are often neglected and unappreciated as an object of marketing activities. The analysis of their purchase behaviour seems to become the key aim. This article is supposed to be such an attempt to present an introductory analysis of information sources used by seniors in their shopping activities. Research of methodology – there were used the theory (literature review) and results of own inquiry research, the poll. Key findings – people over 60 use mainly traditional sources of information; nevertheless, they reach more frequently for new techniques such as the Internet. Practical implications – indications for marketing workers at enterprises concerning how to create marketing announcements for this specific segment. Social implications – as for now, both the theory and practice have neglected the importance of the silver segment, as consumers of various products and services, who have at their disposal funds and respond to marketing actions.