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Review of: Ilmārs Mežs. Latviešu uzvārdi arhīvu materiālos. Latgale. Rīga: Latviešu valodas aģentūra, 2017. 344 lk.
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Review of: Ilmārs Mežs. Latviešu uzvārdi arhīvu materiālos. Latgale. Rīga: Latviešu valodas aģentūra, 2017. 344 lk.
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The phenomenon of transnational families is a topical issue on the European Union's family policy agenda, especially in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Europe 2020 Strategy. Romania, not only as a member state of the European Union, but also as a country directly affected by the scale of this phenomenon, must include in the public family policy the issue of transnational families and provide solutions for these families. Starting from the identification of the risk factors faced by children whose parents are working abroad, the article proposes a critical analysis of existing programs and measures in national legislation aimed at preventing and combating the social exclusion of Romanian children from transnational families. The results of the SWOT analysis carried out indicate a number of shortcomings in covering the risk situations of these vulnerable children, the access to education and a good start in the life of these children being quite affected. The obtained results have implications at the level of decision-makers, helping to improve the efficiency of measures and programs for the left behind children and transnational Romanian families.
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In this study I aimed to conduct a qualitative research on the influence of alcohol on domestic violence using hybrid questionnaires (online and F2F) on three distinct groups of alcohol consumers in Bucharest (medium, high and low). I used the online scientific platform "SurveyMonkey" for the questionnaire application and data collection. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, AUDIT-C model was used to assess alcohol consumption in the 2 months (October, November 2021) according to three key consumption indicators: frequency of alcohol consumption, alcohol level, average amount consumed per drink and frequency of excessive alcohol consumption Change in consumption was recorded analogously to AUDIT-C variables (frequency of alcohol consumption, amount of alcohol consumption and excessive alcohol consumption), whereby consumption indicators are related to the degree of change. So, is there a link between degree of consumption, frequency and domestic violence? The results, together with a range of psychiatric, psychoanalytic and psychological theories, provide a variety of explanations for the violent behavior perpetuated in family relationships, denouncing their impact and harmful effects on personality upbringing, psychological profiling, and especially on the belonging and role of the dysfunctional family.
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The paper asks how parenting desires are associated with the construction of sexual identity and what factors most influence whether gays/lesbians, bisexuals, and heterosexuals declaring same-sex attraction want to have (more) children. The subject has been explored mainly in the Western liberal and gay-family-friendly legislation and social environment so far. Our study was conducted in the Czech Republic, a CEE country where sexual minorities face strong legal and social barriers to non-heterosexual parenthood. In an online survey (N = 882) conducted in 2019 among self-identified gay, lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual people with same-sex attraction, we found a considerable gap in parenting desires by sexual identity. Parenting desires are weaker among homosexuals, especially men, while bisexuals are closer to heterosexuals in their parenting desires. Our research suggests that in the context of discussions of parenthood Czech women are unwilling to identify as lesbians and opt instead to claim a different sexual identity. Our findings indicate that the structural barriers to parenthood thus play a much more important role than the overall liberal-minded atmosphere in the Czech Republic.
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The objective of the present study was to explore what demographic and socioeconomic factors were associated with adolescent (younger than 20 years) and adult mothers living in Romania. In total, 274 adolescent and adult mothers were recruited from two maternity wards Romanian maternity wards. The mean age of the sample was 24.64 years (SD = 6.907, range: 13–44 years). Independent samples t-tests, Pearson’s chi square, Cramer’s V, and risk ratios were used to assess differences in continuous and categorical demographics variables between adolescent and adult mothers. This study has shown that maternity among adolescent mothers younger than 20 years has broad sociodemographic determinations, and, consequently, the socio-economic implications could be long-term as well as costly.
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The crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic implied specific intervention measures in all areas worldwide. Social workers from the social care system and health services, along with other specialists, have played an extremely important role in providing support to vulnerable groups, in order to manage social and psychological issues that have emerged in this period. This paper presents the results of a study involving 94 social workers from Romania. The aim of the research was to identify the main changes in the activity of social workers from public and private social services during pandemic, a period characterized by restrictive measures in order to limit the transmission of the virus. The paper focuses on vulnerabilities and challenges imposed by these changes in order to continue to provide social services for those in need. Recommendations on social policies are outlined based on the lessons learned in this period. The results show that communication and the maintenance of the relationship with beneficiaries are the parts where most changes occurred. The limitation of direct contacts has led to a decrease in field activity, online work, increased workload, or changes in working schedule, and also sometimes (mainly in public institutions) increased bureaucracy. Based on the results of the study, some recommendations for policy makers are identified, taking advantage of the lessons from this period of crisis: the need for the authorities to prioritize the allocated resources and to impose stricter rules to follow, provide funding for specific resources, intensifying the collaboration between all social actors involved, developing and implementing unitary intervention models, greater interest and understanding from authorities and responsiveness to new intervention methods, maintaining the online activity where the situation allows it in order to reduce bureaucracy in public institutions.
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This work is based on the analysis of the register of baptisms and weddings of the Desne parish in the Neretva Valley. Godparents’ and wedding witnesses’ relationships were analysed, godparents’ for 1870 and 1871, and wedding witnesses’ for the period from 1870 to 1875. By analysing the data, it was tried to be determined whether those relationships were used as social network links or as a means of better positioning within the community. The study is based on the analysis of the number of godparents and their sex structure, on the interval between the birth of the children and their baptism, on the correspondence of the children’s and godparents’ names and surnames, on the number of multiplied godparents, on the comparison between the godparents’ and children’s parents’ jobs as well as on the places where children and godparents lived. In the case of weddings, the number and sex of wedding witnesses, correspondence of the children’s and wedding witnesses’ names and surnames, multiplied wedding witnesses’ and the places where spouses and wedding witnesses lived were analysed.
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The aim of this study is to analyse and compare media reports about a case of family abuse on the case study (murder of ex-wife on October 14th 2020 in Koprivnica) in national and regional newspapers to determine whether there is a difference in the approach and way of reporting. It is analysed whether journalists obey the Code of Ethics of Croatian journalists in reporting, if they use the same or different sources for obtaining information, in which frames the reports are written and whether the term family abuse is used. The study uses methodology of content analysis, containing eight articles from five daily newspapers, out of which three daily newspapers are released on the national level (Večernji list, Jutarnji list and 24 sata), and two on a regional level (Novi list and Slobodna Dalmacija) and two regional weekly newspapers (Podravski list and Glas Podravine i Prigorja). Media have the central role in creating public opinion and influence people's behaviour so it is of high importance the way we report about such serious and crucial social problem.
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A situation has arisen in a number of countries whereby there is a shortage of children to fund their parents' public pensions in the future. Consequently, there have been shifts in family policy, most notably in services and benefits for families with small children. Studies conducted in Germany demanded a fundamental overhaul of the existing pay-as-you-go social pension insurance system and the introduction of a child's supplement as a new pillar of the system. In the Czech Republic, the Expert Commission for Pension Reform has discussed alternative proposals for factoring the raising of children into the financing of public pensions. The aim of this paper is to analyse the child's supplement and similar proposals from the perspective of social models, focusing on the German and Czech pension systems and how they deviate from these models. The analysis of the hitherto existing "intergenerational contract" includes an analysis of the general concepts of old-age pensions, including questions of valorisation or indexation, as well as stabilisation mechanisms in the modern type of social pension insurance.
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Family benefits may be effectively provided both by the social administration and the tax administration. Universal child benefits fully conform to the social democratic and liberal family policy models. The proposal of the Pensions Commission to differentiate the pension contribution rates according to the number of dependent children does not adequately fit in the typical conservative social model, let alone any other family policy models. The main advantage for individuals and families with higher and high incomes in Czechia is the non-existence of the progression of the income tax rates, in comparison with western countries. The proposal to introduce rebates on pension insurance contributions is an attempt to weed out a not good system of state financial support for families with children. A simple and effective child benefits reform involves a shift to substantially higher and universal benefits that would bring even more to the conservative party's electorate.
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The reason this research topic is of interest lies in the fact that the first year after birth is a major transition for all parents, especially for mothers. Thus, the objective of the present paper is to analyze certain psychosocial factors surrounding new mothers during this period and the way in which they can accentuate feelings of incapacity and powerlessness that can contribute to the development of low self-esteem and a negatively perceived body image. These factors can adversely impact the postpartum period. Furthermore, this topic has been very little explored in the Romanian population.
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Domestic violence is a social problem that deeply affects all countries in the world. Even though most societies are against it, and even more so, condemn any act of violence against women, the reality is often hidden or simply overlooked. This type of abuse causes serious traumatic consequences for both women and children, whether they are directly involved or not. This phenomenon is both a social and a health problem. The research focused on identifying the factors that influence women that are victims of domestic violence to remain with their aggressor. The research instrument is the interview, applied to 10 subjects, female victims of domestic violence. The results confirmed the hypotheses established at the beginning of the paper: family influence, financial dependence, low level of education and children are the main factors that influence victims to remain in an abusive relationship.
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Transgenerational trauma refers to the situation where children are traumatized by the experiences of their (grand)parents. It is a unique combination of individual, familial, and collective (cultural) traumatic processes. The intertwining of these processes poses a particular representational challenge, one that could be overcome by the comics medium. It was proposed by various authors that the visual language of comics is particularly useful for portraying traumatic experiences, such as the fragmentation of time, trauma’s belatedness and the haunting presence of the past. In this article I analyse two graphic novels, Heimat: A German Family Album by Nora Krug and Sunday’s Child by Serena Katt, both of which explore the transgenerational perpetrator trauma, and the roles the authors’ families had during the Second World War. I show how the authors use representational and aesthetic choices that help them convey the process of fact-searching as well as emotional engagement and imagination that is characteristic for transgenerational trauma.
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The article is devoted to the experiences of Czech parents with a recently-introduced benefit provided via the health insurance system, i.e. the paternity benefit. The findings are based on qualitative research involving the conducting of interviews with 34 parents who had a child in 2019. The fathers generally welcomed the opportunity to spend time together at home with their families, to devote time to the new-born child and older siblings, to become accustomed to their new roles as fathers and to learn to take care of the child. The mothers were appreciative of the fact that they were not alone in the care of the child or children following childbirth and valued the assistance provided by their partners. The paternity benefit was not taken up by those fathers who enjoyed a high level of work flexibility, the self-employed and those for whom the corresponding financial losses were considered too high.
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The article presents the results of part of the CESES „Effective solutions to extensive decision-making assignments in the public administration sector" project, namely the part that addresses the return of homeless people to housing. The study provides an analysis of the issue via the findings of focus groups and relationship framework creation methodology. The result consists of an overview of both the extent and complexity of the issue as well as the conviction that none of the partial approaches implemented to date are able to solve the extreme form of social anomie that is homelessness.
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The issue of formal support for parents with intellectual disabilities is a very important topic, especially as there are limited connections that people with intellectual disabilities have within natural social environments. Social workers who support parents with intellectual disabilities have become the main source of information for this population of parents. The aim of the presented research with 16 parents with intellectual disabilities was to find out: i) What are the experiences of Czech parents with intellectual disabilities with interactions with social workers and with the tools and methods these workers use to provide support?; ii) What are the parents' experiences with the relationships they have with their social workers? The findings demonstrated that on one hand the parents were satisfied with the support received from social workers, but on the other hand social workers did not use methods of social work which would strengthen parental autonomy and independence. The support provided mostly consisted of providing advice, which led to asymmetry in the relationship between the social worker and the client. The findings showed that social workers need to raise awareness about methods of providing support to parents with intellectual disabilities.
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Recent weeks have witnessed an escalation in the animated discussion on the need to transform residential social services. This time, however, it does not concern the transformation of services for persons with disabilities, but the suggestion that it is necessary to transform homes for the elderly into small family-type facilities with a maximum capacity of 25 clients. One does not wish to be considered in any way opposed to transformation; naturally, one has to agree with any measures that contribute towards improving the living conditions of those elderly who are dependent on daily care due to their adverse health condition, but we must ask the question: Will Czech seniors be able to cover the costs of such care?
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Brno - the symbolic conclusion of the intensive two-year Networking for Families project took the form of a conference held on 21 March 2019 in Brno. The conference was organised, as was the whole of the project, by the RATOLEST BRNO, z.s. non-profit organisation, and it was judged to be a great success by the 90 or so participating social workers from the state administration and non-profit sectors. In addition to the establishment of new relationships, the most important output of the project consists of the website: www.situjeme.cz.
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Cílem této informace je upřesnění role poskytovatelů sociálních služeb odborného sociálního poradentství při podávání návrhů na povolení oddlužení a poskytování dluhového poradenství. Materiál byl zpracován Ministerstvem práce a sociálních věcí ve spolupráci se zástupci Ministerstva spravedlnosti.
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