"Rabovačky" v závere prvej svetovej vojny a ich ohlas na medzivojnovom Slovensku

Author(s): Miloslav Szabó / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 2/2015

In the last days of the First World War soldiers returning home, along with civilians, attacked representatives of the Hungarian state and wealthy individuals, especially Jews. They expelled them from their homes and looted them, or they simply destroyed their property. In some places regular Hungarian troops executed the leaders of these rioters. This study seeks to offer an alternative to the prevailing interpretation of the looting, which emphasize the social or ethnic motivations of the economically and nationally oppressed Slovak rioters. Instead, it examines the reversal of the perpetrators and victims that was carried out not only immediately after the looting had occurred, but repeatedly throughout the whole interwar period. This is to be seen as an expression of the growing anti-Semitism, because the Jews were ultimately accused of the murder of allegedly innocent Slovaks.

19. Yüzyılda Ereğli'deki Bir İsyan Üzerinden Osmanlı Taşrasında Sosyal Düzeni Çözümleme Denemesi

Author(s): Sinan Yakay / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 10/2006

Although the state-ayans (tax farming magnates) relationship in the Ottoman social history has been solved, it is not well defined how the ayan-public relations were. We hear from the people from their complaints about the former. Recent studies show that people might have gathered around different groups of benefit, and entered various relations in this context. Aim of this essay is to contribute to analyzing people-ayan relations in terms of different groups of benefit via the regulation of tax farming on March 9th, 1841, in Bendereğli, known today as Karadeniz Ereğli, and the uprising against Mustafa Ağa, then tax farmer of Safranbolu.

A BAR KOCHBA-FELKELÉS - A KUTATÁS FÉL-ÉVSZÁZADÁNAK EREDMÉNYEI ÉS KIHÍVÁSAI

Author(s): Tibor Grüll / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2008

According to a commonplace in scholarly literature it is unachievable to write the history of the Bar Kochba revolt. This paper does not attempt the impossible, it merely attempts to take into account the way in which our evidences, that came to light in the last half-century, repaint the traditional picture of the insurrection. The first five chapters discuss the antecedents of the revolt, i.e., the short and long-term consequences of the churban; the uprising under Trajan (the so-called “war of Quietus”); the administrative, economic and military situation of Judaea from 70 to 132 C.E., mainly on the basis of the Babatha-archive. The immediate cause of the Bar Kochba revolt is still debated, as both the foundation of Colonia Aelia Capitolina (ch. 5), and the ban on circumcision, introduced by Hadrian’s legislation (ch. 6), can be taken into account. It is not clear, however, whether these oppressive measures were taken before or after 132; in other words, whether they were causes or consequences of the war. The following chapter is dedicated to Bar Kochba’s messianic pretensions, which, among other things, can be verified with the strong halachic orientation of the papyri produced by the administration of the revolt (ch. 8). Ch. 9 examines the character and magnitude of the Roman military participation in the Bar Kochba revolt, as these are illuminated by the extant epigraphic material. The last chapter deals with the Jewish guerilla tactics and bases: the rebels’ hiding complexes that from the 1990’s have been explored in the territory of Judaea.

A Case Study on Viral Journalism in Greece: The Figures, the Trends and the Factors of Success

Author(s): Eleni-Revekka Staiou,Andreas Giannakoulopoulos / Language(s): English / Issue: 14/2018

In the era of social media, the concept of viral is a hub. But then, from the field of advertising and marketing, it is the turn of journalism to be affected by it. In recent years, websites such as buzzfeed and boredpanda have grown steadily and have reached a state in which -, according to statistics, they gather millions of users daily. The main characteristic of these websites is the fact that they are largely based on the viral journalism phenomenon, that is, they include small and light stories that have all the features of a viral content. The aim of these stories is to be shared by the users as much as possible on social networks and the web at large. Also, a second important feature of these websites is that they invite their readers to "upload" their own interesting content, thus giving them the opportunity to become journalists in some way and their content to become viral as well, exploding at the same time the user generated content (UGC) phenomenon. The aim of this article is to study the phenomenon of viral journalism in Greece, centered on the Mikropragmata (http://mikropragmata.lifo.gr), a column of the free press Lifo that has become so large that it has acquired its own micro-site and corresponding channels in social media. By studying the content of the website, we will try to understand what kinds of articles are posted and which appear to be more successful to the public. How do readers react? Are there any similar examples in Greece? In order to answer these questions, an online survey will be carried out. Quantitative and qualitative data will be gathered on the website under study and other relevant examples from Greece and abroad, as well.

A New Culture of Truth? On the Transformation of Political Epistemologies since the 1960s in Central, Eastern, and South-Eastern Europe

Author(s): Friedrich Cain,Dietlind Hüchtker,Bernhard Kleeberg,Jan Surman / Language(s): English / Issue: 17/2019

A New Populist Divide? Correspondences of Supply and Demand in the 2015 Polish Parliamentary Elections

Author(s): Ben Stanley / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2019

This paper uses a new set of questions to analyse the impact of populist attitudes on party preferences and voting behaviour in the 2015 Polish parliamentary elections. At these elections, voters faced a choice between two broad blocs: parties that accepted the “liberal-orthodox” model of post-communist politics, and those that rejected this model and the political elites associated with its implementation. I find that there is a coherent set of populist attitudes among the Polish electorate, and that it correlates with economic and cultural attitudes in ways consistent with the supply-side divide between liberal and anti-liberal parties. Analysis of the individual and combined impact of these attitudes on voting behaviour reveals that populism plays a significant role both in structuring the sentiments of voters towards particular kinds of political parties and in determining how they cast their vote.

A Political Agenda of Sports?

Author(s): Irina-Ana Drobot / Language(s): English / Issue: 14/2017

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the most recent running marathons in Bucharest to see whether they are part of a political agenda or not, and if yes, what are the reasons for this. Is this a way of allowing people to bond together, and to take part in charity? Is this part of the way media imposes its agenda on people, or vice-versa? Is it a way of political elites to control the masses and make them take part in welfare activities? The paper will take into account the hypothesis of sports and welfare holding communities together.

ABD VE TÜRKİYE ÖRNEKLERİ İLE SİYASAL ALANDA ÖTEKİLİK

Author(s): Taylan Maral / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 14/2012

It is commonly known that the institution of politics uses every kind of concepts, rules and systems, for its own sake for governing society. While doing this, it especially uses mass media. The term of “otherness” individual discrimination to social discrimination can be analyzed in different form. The politicians using the ethnic origins sometimes directly or generally indirectly use the discrimination concepts against portion of the groups that they target. With the presidential nomination of Barack Hussain Obama the White&Black discrimination has arised at The State which is commonly known as the land of freedoms. But in our country a different case is observed on the attitude of Party of Peace and Democracy. The difference for this case is known for refusing to be part of unity as cultural richness but acting in accordance with the separatist terrorist activity. In this study the definition and functions of otherness in Turkey and the States will be analyzed on the cases of politicians.

Actants of manipulative communication

Author(s): Ştefan Vlăduţescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 40/2014

The study starts from assumption that together with disinfomation, intoxication, and propaganda, the manipulation is a form of persuasion, a form of persuasive communication. The manipulation is a communicative action. By the way of meta-analytical method, we emphasize some ideas. The royal way of promoting the decisive interests is manipulation-, often accompanied by constraints and violence. The world is divided into amateur manipulators and professional manipulators. Professionals are those whose job is exactly to get something from the others. The action of manipulation is not an activity performed on inspiration, randomly and by ear. Manipulation is a structured, organised and planned persuasive intervention. As actants of manipulative communication are retained journalists, priests, businessmen, sellers, scholars, teachers, artists, writers, notabilities.

Also These Voices. Technology and Gender in the Practice of Fanvidding

Author(s): Joanna Kucharska / Language(s): English / Issue: 04/2013

The article aims to discuss and analyze the practice of fanvidding – a type of audiovisual fanwork juxtaposing footage of a source or sources with external audio, in order to reframe the original material and express a new meaning. In order to discuss the practice, the article looks at the fandom theories of cultural economy, struggle for control over messages, and the tactics of textual poaching introduced by Fiske, de Certeau and Jenkins. It also provides context for reading the practice through the lens of gender theory, pointing out the gender divide and contextualization of specific fannish practices according to the gender of their authors. The critical and analytical strategies of fanvidders are examined historically within the Star Trek fandom (where fanvidding has originated and ourished) and analyzed on examples from both the history of vidding and its modern incarnations. This is achieved by close reading of the most significant examples of vidding in terms of fandom history and the changes in the vidding practice, in terms of technology employed by the vidders, and in term of the gender perspectives.

Amnezja historyczna

Author(s): Anna Frątczak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2008

An Ad Hoc Nation. An Analysis of Moldovan Election Campaign Clips

Author(s): Julien Danero Iglesias / Language(s): English / Issue: 04/2015

Since independence, nationalism has been at the front of politics in the Republic of Moldova in the context of a persisting political struggle about the very definition of the Moldovan nation. Looking at campaign video clips produced in 2009 by Moldovan political parties and using a methodology inspired by Critical Discourse Analysis, the article gives a better understanding of nationalism in Moldova nowadays. The article demonstrates that the focus of political parties on the nation is purely symbolic. They adapt their discourse to the context in which they evolve (audience of the videos and targeted voters). Pursuing the objective of gaining or holding on to power, parties construct an ad hoc nation whose content they fill with the needs of the moment, using mirroring arguments to win the elections over competing parties seen as enemies of an endangered country.

Andrzej Towiański, czyli prorok elektryczny. Medialność mesjanizmu w kontekście kultury celebryckiej

Author(s): Piotr Urbanowicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 01/2019

In the paper the author presents Andrzej Towiański - an influential Polish messianist who established the Circle of God's Cause in Paris in 1840s – in relation to celebrity culture. Basing on theories of Chris Rojek, David Marshall and Birgit Meyer the author claims that the figure of a celebrity is deeply integrated into media. On the one hand the celebrity functions as a node in media network providing tools to integrate mass audience; on the other he is an actor, who sets complex aesthetic relations and thus establishes a community. In case of Andrzej Towiański and his disciples such aesthetic relations were formed via metaphors translating electricity into domain of religious exaltation. In conclusion, the author states that the references to electric science were the main reason for popularity of Andrzej Towiański and his efficacy in forming community.

Apathy and the Birth of Democracy: The Polish Struggle

Author(s): David S. Mason,Daniel N. Nelson,Bohdan M. Szklarski / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/1991

Apathy, from the Greek words meaning "without feeling, " is at once a term denoting an individual's impassivity or indifference and a form of collective political behavior. Our concern is the latter form of apathy in Poland from the Solidarity period of 1980-81 to the present. Political apathy is the lack of psychological involvement in public affairs, emotional detachment from civic obligation, and abstention from political activity. But it is not any of these things alone, and these may be regarded as necessary, but not sufficient, components of political apathy. Political apathy is evidenced in mass, collective behavior but has its origins at the level of the individual psyche. [...]

ARE ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIORS (OCBS) REALLY POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH MEASURES OF ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS?

Author(s): Sofia Bratu / Language(s): English / Issue: 14/2015

The mainstay of the paper is formed by an analysis of personal and organizational elements that are instrumental in the operation of organizational citizenship conducts, the possible beneficial and adverse effects that may arise from stimulating organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) concerning workers, and the relevance of OCB for organizational performance. In this paper I am particularly interested in exploring the connections between OCBs and organizational effectiveness standards, the psychological workings that account for the link between OCB and its end results, and the direct association between carrying out OCB and achieving organizational reward.

Around the Bloc: Bosnia Asks for Help With Rising Migrant Numbers

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 04/04/2018

Overall, the number of migrants transiting the Balkans is down sharply, although traffickers are blazing new trails in the region.

Around the Bloc: Koran Burned at a Rally in Czech Republic

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 07/12/2016

The summer season has done little to slow down one of the country’s most prominent, anti-Muslim activists.

ARTICULATING PROTEST LEGITIMACY: A CASE STUDY OF COLLECTIVE ACTION FRAMING IN AN ENVIRONMENTAL CAMPAIGN

Author(s): Tao Papaioannou / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2018

Using the case of the “Save Akamas” campaign, an environmental initiative protesting for the protection of the Akamas National Park in Cyprus during the Cypriot financial crisis in 2015 – 2016, this study explored whether and how the campaigners utilised collective action frames to enhance their articulation of protest legitimacy. Based on 15 interviews with key protest organisers, the results illustrated that the protestors creatively employed several collective action frames in their struggle for public recognition, contextualisation and amplification of protest grievances. These frames were purposefully aligned to protest legitimacy while taking into consideration of clearly identifying direction/locus of responsibility attribution, enlarging the interpretive scope of a symbolic act and augmenting credibility of the proffered frames through social media. Combining collective action framing analysis with empirical legitimacy research, this study contributes to further understanding of strategies and processes of legitimation in issue-based citizen protests within the sociological theory of collective action.

Aspecte ale stratificării sociale în contextul transformărilor sociale şi perspectivei de integrare europeană a Republicii Moldova. Note de cercetare

Author(s): Victor Mocanu,Angela Mocanu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 01/2015

The independence period of the Republic of Moldova conditioned important changes at the economic and political level. The deepest and most grievous changes, in terms of social cost, are those who have an impact on the social structure, the life conditions, the people’s behaviour and mentality. Social change refers to the modifications in the basic structures of the society, so it produces a quality and quantity passing to one level to another level of the social system. In this paper we present the results of a survey on a national-level in Moldova. The research was focused on the recent trends in social stratification in this former soviet country.Another issue was the evaluation of the current socio-political situation and the people’s orientations (towards Europe or towards the Euroasian Union).

BAĞIMSIZ TÜRK DEVLETLERİNDE MİKRO FİNANSMAN

Author(s): Nurhodja Akbulaev / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 15/2012

Almost all societies have some citizens living in poverty. Although the most severe poverty is in the developing world, there is evidence of poverty in every region. The fight against poverty is usually regarded as a social goal and many governments have some dedicated institutions or departments. Poverty itself is also likely to be a barrier for poverty reduction. In general, the government can directly help those in need. However another method in helping to fight poverty is to use microfinance approach. Microfinance tries to fight global poverty and bring opportunities to the world’s poorest people. With tiny loans and financial services, it helps the poor, mostly women, start businesses and escape poverty. Also microfinance is not only financial aids for the poor but also its social improvements. As previous studies have implied sustainability and cost-effectiveness within the microfinance programme is important for the long-run poverty reduction in the Republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. In this study focus on some solutions for Central Asia poverty problem such as mikrofinance approach. Also it examines the Republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan conditions the aspect of poverty and microfinance practices.