K počiatkom stredovekých miest na Slovensku

Author(s): Richard Marsina / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Je všeobecne známe, že o mestách v politicko-hospodárskom zmysle na Slovensku možno hovoriť už v staroveku. Práve nedávno sa našli nové archeologické dôkazy, ktoré potvrdili už vyše sto rokov staré zistenia historikov, že na území dnešnej Bratislavy (nielen jej starého mesta, ako to niekedy nesprávne predstavovala denná tlač) bolo pred začiatkom a po začiatku nášho kresťanského letopočtu veľké keltské opidum – mesto. Tuná sa však nebude hovoriť o týchto tzv. starovekých mestách, ale len o takých mestách, u ktorých možno predpokladať kontinuitu s neskoršími časmi, teda so stredovekými mestami. Hoc aj nemožno nespomenúť, že nikto sa – pravda azda čisto z teoretického hľadiska – nezaoberal možnosťou či nemožnosťou kontinuovania spomenutých starovekých miest s neskoršími stredovekými mestami u nás, alebo aspoň s pokusom o chronologické určenie hiátu medzi nimi a možnosťou či nemožnosťou kontinuovania zvyškov či pozostatkov.

Možnosti komunikácie pri počiatkoch mestskej society v Bratislave

Author(s): Žofia Lysá / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

V roku 1296 predstúpili pred Bratislavskú kapitulu šľachtici z Rače z jednej strany a z druhej strany, tak mešťania ako aj hostia z Rakúska a Uhorska, aby medzi sebou spísali dohodu ohľadom poplatkov za vinice na vrchu Schinberg (Schintperg, kopec v oblasti nad dnešnými Krasňanami v Bratislave). Je to prvý prameň, kde sú obyvatelia Bratislavy pomenovaní zdvojením „cives et hospites“. Následne sa táto formulácia ukotvuje v prameňoch týkajúcich sa Bratislavy najmä od 30. rokov 14. storočia. Ide o terminologické vyjadrenie faktu, že v mestskej societe sa stretli dve sociálne vrstvy? Kto boli cives a kto sa skrýval pod termínom hospites?

Difficulties Faced by Researchers in Participatory Practices: An Example of Research with Roma People

Author(s): Marek Mikulec,Kateřina Glumbíková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The number of socially excluded localities and persons residing in them has significantly increased in the Czech Republic over the last ten years. Socially excluded localities have their specific characteristics and environment that very often concern exclusively the Roma localities. The participatory research aims to gain access to the locality followed by the establishment of communication and cooperation with local residents. These relationships, however, show a number of difficulties that in this contribution are reconstructed based on the ethnographic research conducted in a socially excluded locality inhabited by the Roma community. Some partial recommendations have been formulated for accessing the field. These are recommendations relating to the individual characteristics of the researcher, the specific characteristics of the environment and the characteristics of the target group (the Roma community).

Dilemmas in Participatory Approaches to Social Work

Author(s): Alice Gojová,Kateřina Glumbíková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Both the community work and the participatory research can be understood as approaches used in social work that increase participants’ capacity to improve their lives and facilitate social change for the benefit of disadvantaged groups. In participatory approaches, dilemmas can arise, which are defined as a situation where a social worker faces two mutually exclusive choices, which he/she has to choose from. We also perceive dilemmas in both approaches as emerging in the interaction with the systems of values. The paper presents the findings from two research projects whose objectives included the identification of dilemmas from two areas, namely from community work and from a participatory approach to homeless mothers. The dilemmas are divided into two categories; from the perspectives of community workers and from a researcher’s point of view. To interpret data we used the theory of empowerment and the typology of power by the authors John French and Bertram Raven (1960). As part of the discussion, the paper provides an overview of dilemmas in participatory approaches to social work research, on the example of the above-mentioned projects.

Lines of Activity Addressed to Families: Limiting the Participatory Approach as with Casework Practitioners

Author(s): Izabela Kamińska-Jatczak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The chapter shows the course of activity of family assistants – caseworkers situated in the field of child protection practice in Poland. The contribution undertakes a reflection on the constraints in the implementation of the participatory approach which is found in the process of activities performed by assistants. These constraints are related to the scale of the problems faced by family members, as well as the wider determinants of institutional and legislative issues that prescribe the formal framework for the activity of caseworkers. The chapter describes the types of participation of family assistants and users that show the real face of participation, located in the field of social work with families, in particular in relation to child protection practice.

Matky samoživitelky a jejich situace v České republice.„Sandwichová generace“ – kombinování práce a péče o závislé členy rodiny (děti a seniory)

Author(s): Jaroslava Hasmanová Marhánková / Language(s): Czech

Na křižovatce pracovního a osobního života: možnosti a bariéry

Author(s): Nina Bosničová,Jitka Kolářová,Irena Lištiaková,Steven Saxonberg,Silvie Malíková / Language(s): Czech

Podpora kariérního růstu žen: manuál pro zaměstnavatele

Author(s): Petra Kubálková / Language(s): Czech

Rodinná politika II: zaměřeno na kontext změn mateřské a rodičovské dovolené a nedostupnost a legislativní změny v oblasti zařízení péče o předškolní děti

Author(s): Radka Dudová,Lenka Formánková,Beata Kaczynská,Hana Märzová,Veronika Pavlovská,Jana Válková / Language(s): Czech

Rodinná politika: rodičovská a mateřská dovolená v kontextu slaďování rodinného a pracovního života a rovných příležitostí

Author(s): Jiřina Kocourková,Linda Sokačová,Alena Křížková,Hana Maříková,Alexandra Jachanová Doleželová,Kateřina Machovcová,Jan Schneider,Zdenka Nováková / Language(s): Czech

Rovné příležitosti jakou součást společenské odpovědnosti firem

Author(s): Jana Trnková,Rostya Gordon-Smith,Štěpán Jurajda / Language(s): Czech

Sen nebo realita: psychologické aspekty flexibilních forem práce

Author(s): Barbora Krčmářová,Irena Bejšovcová / Language(s): Czech

Slaďování práce a rodiny: možnosti a perspektivy pro zaměstnavatele

Author(s): Kateřina Machovcová / Language(s): Czech

Výnosnost důchodového systému a dopady jeho reforem na muže a ženy

Author(s): Jiří Šatava / Language(s): Czech

Na základě reprezentativní databáze 7000 mužů a žen počítáme výnosnost penzijního systému u mužů a žen a její změny v důsledku „malé“ a „velké“ reformy. Výnosnost měříme pomocí ukazatele penzijního bohatství jako rozdíl mezi současnou hodnotou budoucích důchodů a budoucích příspěvků do penzijního systému. Výnosnost se u jednotlivců liší dle pohlaví, věku, velikosti příjmu a dalších faktorů. Před reformami byl penzijní systém výrazně výhodnější pro ženy. I ve věkové kategorii 53letých penzijní systém sliboval ženám o 503 000 Kč více než mužům, u 21letých to pak bylo dokonce 1 152 000 Kč. Tzv. „malá“ reforma, která upravila věk odchodu do důchodu, výrazně snížila výnosnost penzijního systému pro muže i ženy, citelněji ale dopadá na ženy. Tzv. „velká“ reforma, jež umožňuje vyvedení části pojistného do penzijních fondů, má řádově menší, zato však pozitivní nebo nulový dopad na výhodnost penzijního systému pro muže a ženy. Obě reformy jsou výhodnější pro muže, i po všech reformách zůstává penzijní systém stále výnosnější pro ženy. Ve věkové kategorii 45letých penzijní systém slibuje ženám o 499 000 Kč více než mužům, pro 21leté to je 978 000 Kč. Studie rovně ž prezentuje dopady reforem i pro různé úrovně příjmů.

SPECIFICUL, LOCUL ȘI ROLUL MIZERICORDIEI ÎN SOCIETATEA CONTEMPORANĂ

Author(s): Valeriu Capcelea / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This article discusses one of the desirable virtues, kindness, its essence and types, its complicated nature because it can cause conflict and is realized in a merciless and imperfect world. The author pays special attention to an important element of the virtue of mediocrity, the requirement to forgive offenses by resorting to the postulates from the Bible. At the same time, the parable of the love of enemies is addressed, where forgiveness represents the forgetting of offenses and the existence of an agreement to establish peace. In conclusion, it is noted that kindness is not a virtue of the past, but a timeless principle that continues to inspire people to live a life characterized by compassion, empathy, forgiveness and love. At the same time, it is highlighted that at the beginning of the millennium we live in an era where discord, aggression and division dominate society and mediocrity serves as a beacon of hope, encouraging us all to extend a hand of kindness to those in need and to we promote a society full of compassion, mercy and empathy.

ИЗКУСТВЕН ИНТЕЛЕКТ И СОЦИАЛНО-АСИСТИВНИ РОБОТИ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНАТА СРЕДА

Author(s): Teodora Medneva,Maiyana Mitevska,Tanya Kolenarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The research concept follows the understanding of acquiring competitive advantage through the dynamic development of knowledge and competencies in the field of social innovation and interdisciplinary research (Porter, 2000). The study presents the practical possibilities of social assistance robots with built-in artificial intelligence and the integration of psychological models for working with different educational needs and providing personalized support.

Устойчивост на научния обмен: три издания на национална докторантска конференция по социология

Author(s): Mihaela Misheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

SABRİ ÜLGENER - ZİHNİYET VE DİN

Author(s): Bahar Küçük / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Şimdilerde, renklerinin ne anlama geldiğini merak ettiğimiz için araştırdığımız laleler, tarihi süreç içerisinde farklı bir konumda bitki olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Edebiyatımızda (Baytop- Kurnaz, 2003, 80) ve sanatımızda neredeyse tartışılmaz yeri olan laleler, 14. Yüzyılla birlikte Anadolu’dan Avrupa’ya geçmiştir. Avrupa’ya geçmesiyle beraber Avrupa’da büyük merak uyandırmış ve bu merak, tam anlamıyla bir “lale çılgınlığı”na dönüşmüştür. Laleler, özellikle Hollanda ve Almanya’da aranan bir meta haline gelmeye başlamıştır. Bu çılgınlık bir statü göstergesi haline gelmeye başlamış, öyle ki bir lale soğanına bütün servetini yatıracak kişiler olmuştur. Bir pazar haline gelen bu çılgınlıkta her finansal metada olduğu gibi bir spekülasyon yaşamış ve Avrupa’da lalenin “lale devri” son bulmaya başlamıştır (Geçmişten Günümüze Lale, 2022).

Интегриращата роля на държавата

Author(s): Vyara Stoilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The report analyses the integrating role of the state as a condition for a stable social order. The research focus is on citizenship as an expression of the connection between the individual and the state, the main dimensions of inclusion in the state, the legitimacy and trust of citizens in the state. The latter could be considered the most accurate assessment of the way in which the state fulfills its integrating role and as the main reason for the processes of disintegration.

Дигитализация и дигитална среда: измерения и основни характеристики

Author(s): Valentina Milenkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article aims to reveal digitalization as an integral part of society. Every process, phenomenon, community, relationship is largely related to digitalization and information technologies. The analysis presents various forms of symbiosis between society and digitalization, showing specific dimensions of digital competencies and skills. The methodology based on results obtained from an online survey conducted in March 2021 with individuals of different ages, professions and education. The study includes topics related to the digitalization of society, the use of various digital devices and the Internet. The results obtained indicate that the digitalization of society is a real fact, as well as that the state of digital skills is at an average and above average level, and the Internet is used very actively in various activities. The article and the conducted survey were implemented under the project „Digital media literacy in the context of the „knowledge society“: state and challenges“, funded by the National Science Foundation in the period 2018-2022.