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4th International Scientific Conference SEC - IASR 2019
4th International Scientific Conference "Sports, Education, Culture - Interdisciplinary Approaches in Scientific Research", SEC-IASR 2019, Galati, Romania, 7th – 8th June, 2019
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One of the direct effect of current COVID-19 pandemic’ social distancing on an unspecified period of time urges us to compensate our lack of physical connection with our readiness in the online environments, especially social media platforms. Present research investigates to which extent the internet content awareness construct, difficulties in emotional regulation and online duality have an impact on predicting future helping attitudes of bystanders. In order to investigate the eligibility of this prediction model, our team has advanced the Erasmus+ funded project Hate’s Journey. In 2019, our research team has designed a multiple specific sections online questionnaire addressing 206 youth from Latvia, Turkey, Spain and Romania. We have used a multiple linear regression analysis. The obtained results validate our hypothesis, confirming that if an individual is characterized by a decreased internet content awareness, a high level of difficulties in emotional regulation and increased online duality, then there is a 37% probability that the youth bystanders will develop a lack of helping attitudes towards the victims when facing a digital hate speech context. Conclusions and implications regarding to the current pandemic social distancing and digital closeness effects over the prosocial behaviour are discussed.
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Rural areas gradually become modern people in cities taking good care mentally and physically due to the pressure in life or the memory of past life in rural areas. Rural tourism and vacation in rural areas are therefore gradually preferred by city people. With the effect of financial crises in past years, a lot of people become dissatisfied with the life. Well-being would have a person present joy, content, and rich psychological feelings. Countries in the world expect to create well-being cities for the people’s well-being. Aiming at rural tourism employees in Fujian Province, total 380 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 287 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 76%. The research results are expected to provide reference for the development of sustainable rural tourism of governmental departments and businesses to achieve the sustainable development of life, production, and ecology in rural areas.
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With changing social environment and fiercely distinct job competition, competitors in global hotel industry still increase in the bad overall economic conditions, fighting in existing red sea. However, it is gradually rejuvenating in past years. In the fierce industry competition, the retention and accumulation of human capital is an important indicator for the sustainable operation of enterprises as well as the winning key in future market competition. Effective promotion of employees’ retention intention, especially the retention intention of talents, is the primary issue for enterprises and human resource departments. Aiming at employees in hotel industry in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, total 500 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 362 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 72%. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to help hotel industry effectively release employees’ burnout, retain talents in hotel industry, strengthen hotel industry, and reinforce the organizational competitiveness of hotel industry.
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Although, in principle, any person can adopt and become an adoptive parent, regardless of their marital status (married or single), sex, race, nationality, etc., the Romanian legislation in this area establishes a series of requirements for this. For this purpose, the law on the legal regime of adoption stipulates that the persons or families wishing to adopt must fulfill the moral guarantees, as well as the material conditions necessary for the child’s raising, education and harmonious development. The fulfillment of the guarantees and conditions provided by law, as well as the existence of the parental skills, is certified by the general directorate of social assistance and child protection within the territorial area of which the adoptee or the adoptive family resides, by issuing a certificate following the evaluation performed according to the provisions of the adoption law. This study will analyze the requirements to be met by the persons or families wishing to adopt, namely: the age of the adopter, the full exercise capacity, the moral and material ability to adopt, the consent of the adopter and the consent of the adopter’s spouse.
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The contemporary challenges of the socio-economic development are imposing more or less the same essence of the labour market policy areas and instruments in the developed countries, as well as in the developing countries. They are directly dependent on the implementation of structural reforms aimed at stabilizing the economies and fostering economic development. Concerning this, the paper is analyzing the areas for implementation of the labour market policy and activities in the Republic of Macedonia, as well as in the European Union, regarding the challenges of the contemporary society. They relate to the work of the institutions responsible for creating and implementing the labour market policy, the legislation relating to its functioning, labour force statistics and information system. The analysis is determining the target groups of the labour market and is giving certain recommendations and guidelines for possible future actions and measures that can ensure employment growth, reduction of the unemployment, and provide more efficient functioning of the overall labour market.
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The present paper is about pandemic seen through the eyes of a teenager. Every word reveals her emotions, especially the fear, lived in this period and her need to be closed by her family. But it also shows the power of move on, the desire to fight and her belief that people are stronger than a disease.
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More and more slum dwellers are left homeless as their shacks are being either bulldozed in broad daylight or burnt to ashes by hooligans in the dead of night to clear up the settlements, leaving them in the wobble in and around the capital city, Dhaka. Slum evictions and attempts of rehabilitation are quite old phenomena here that started since the mid-70s. A number of resettlement camps located far to the periphery of the city were selected for the rehabilitation. The squatters, however, re-infiltrated the city soon after as the camps had no job or commuting facilities. The outcome of the most recent rehabilitation project in Bhashantek, Mirpur through Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is not different from the previous ones because it too ignored the need for an environment conducive to work and live in, and fixed the price at a level that will rule out the so called target group. It is essential to include both affordability and sustainability issues in a housing project to make it successful. However, housing affordability is frequently defned and assessed only in terms of economic viability. Other important issues, such as sustainability, housing location and quality are sometimes overlooked which are the reasons behind the failure of slum rehabilitation initiatives by the government in Bangladesh. This paper has explored the affordability and sustainability issues in low income housing with reference to experiences of slum rehabilitations initiated both by the state and NGOs or development partners. Analysing the taken rehabilitation schemes the paper has identified the way forward to provide affordable and sustainable housing for slum dwellers and low income people of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Międzynarodowa aktywność samorządów może być jednym z istotniejszych narzędzi zaangażowania Polski w państwach Afryki Subsaharyjskiej. Poprzez organizację misji gospodarczych oraz działania informacyjne jednostki samorządowe wspierają lokalne przedsiębiorstwa na rynkach afrykańskich. Innym obszarem zaangażowania miast i regionów jest pomoc rozwojowa oraz humanitarna w biedniejszych regionach kontynentu. Z uwagi na szybką urbanizację w państwach afrykańskich współpraca z władzami lokalnymi może też stać się ważnym elementem wymiany doświadczeń i promocji polskich miast.
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In August 2014, Poland planed to adopt the National Municipal Policy in the perspective of 2020. The need for this document stems from the fact that urban areas most contribute to the socio – economic development of the country. In addition, in recent years a number of strategic documents changed or updated, among others: National Strategy of Regional Development 2010–2020: regions, cities, rural areas, National Spatial Planning Concept 2030. These key documents relating to the development of formed the basis of the state's policy towards territorial development. Also, horizontal strategy documents, take into account the territorial dimension as an essential element of all policies and public action character development. In the assumptions of the National Urban Policy is information that is programmed at the national level and implemented through the creation of optimal conditions for urban development and investment activities by public and private entities. Accordingly, the National Urban Policy will act on all three levels of local government: the province, districts and municipalities, both urban and urban – rural and rural to urban areas. This involves the need to apply a number of policy changes and development. Changed will also have to be development strategies of the different levels of local government. It is therefore advisable to analyze existing strategies and identify necessary changes directions.
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The paper is devoted to the next phase of the Internet’s development i.e. Internet of Things. This concept provides organizations with numerous new possibilities in the context of their functioning and the process of value creation. Simultaneously, it heightens existing challenges, expanding their scope and scale. These aspects have been analyzed in the paper. It also focuses on implications for organizations arising from the development of the Internet of Things in the context of its utilization by them and their role in the emerging IoT ecosystem.
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Both the 1961 European Social Charter and its revised version of 1996 constitute international social and economic rights treaties ratified by the Member States of the Council of Europe. Together with the European Treaty for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, they are the cornerstones of the contractual system for the protection of human rights in the member countries of the Council of Europe. Moreover, these contracts have contributed significantly to the development of European human rights standards in the areas of personal management, labour law and social security law. Nevertheless, it receives minimal attention from legal theorists. This leads to problems in its interpretation in practice. Through scientific and doctrinal interpretation, authors examine the various provisions of the European Social Charter. They seek answers to practical application problems through scientific literature as well as the case-law of the European Court of Justice. The aim and result of the authors’ work is to examine individual documents, to compare them and analyse the differences. The aim of the authors' work is also to evaluate the impact of the case law of the European Court of Justice in connection with the implementation of the Charter into the legal order as well as application practice. The benefit of this article is also the analysis of the impact of the Charter on the rights of working women.
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Quite a few archival resources found in the Inter-municipal Archive and different enquiries and studies made on the history of education in Opoja and Gora during the Albanian Kingdom 1941-1942 and 1943-1944 reveal the efforts of education enthusiasts to spread through and expand education in the sub-prefecture of Dragash, namely in the area of Opoja and Gora to open as many schools as possible. Thus, at the beginning of World War II, with the establishment of the Albanian Kingdom, education in Albanian language took on a new form, schools and summer courses for adults against illiteracy were opened, which marked a widespread dissemination in Opoja and Gora, too. Teachers who came from Albania and those from Kosovo were undoubtedly the headmen having patriotic duty to guide the education in these areas and laid the foundation of the Albanian education and paved the path to knowledge and prosperity in Opoja and Gora. According to the archive documentation in the sub-prefecture of Dragash, schools in Albanian language were opened in following villages of Opoja and Gorani: Blaç, Buce, Brrut, Rapçë, Vranishte, Brod, Restelicë and Dragash. But there was a barrier in educating children and young people in these two provinces because there was no tradition of education for of a single reason - this population was solely dealing with cattle breeding and a bit of agriculture, so every individual was more than needed to carry on their daily work and thus the number of students was not in satisfactory numbers.
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Pure Water for the World’s Menstrual Hygiene Management program aims at improving knowledge of menstrual health. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the MHM program in schools for menstruating girls, non-menstruating girls, boys, and teachers. Surveys and focus groups conducted in Trojes community schools have concluded that PWW’s MHM program has improved knowledge amongst teachers and menstruating girls. The knowledge of school-aged boys and non-menstruating girls though can still be improved. Of the 209 students surveyed, 49% reported that they had knowledge of the menstrual cycle and menstrual hygiene. Although issues such as response bias could have played a role in this large proportion of students without knowledge of menstruation, the number of students who benefited from the education and training has increased. It is recommended that the teachers use a pre-/post-test system to track the results of the MHM programs in their classrooms. By 6th grade, the students should be receiving lessons on menstruation, sexual health, puberty, and other topics amongst all genders. We recommend that PWW creates a partnership with an organization focused on nutrition to create a program in the schools geared towards menstruating girls, as study results indicate that this is an area of concern. PWW should work more closely with the Ministry of Health to ensure that the importance of menstrual hygiene and sexual health are relayed to the teachers as a way to de-stigmatize menstruation and empower teachers to provide accurate information.
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The social dimension of sustainable development (SD) and those aspects of it related to human health are crucial for SD. By means of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) the European Union countries and other three developed countries were assessed using selected indicators reflecting aspects of health related to SD. Five indicators reflecting these aspects at the macroeconomic level were used. These were a pair of objective indicators, a pair of subjective indicators and one indicator reflecting resources for health care. They were applied in order to cluster the 31 countries for each year in the period 2011 – 2015 and also for the whole period. Four clusters were created for the years 2011 – 2014, three clusters for 2015, and five clusters for the overall period. Switzerland was evaluated as the best performing country in the sample, and Lithuania as the worst. Czechia exhibited a significant shift towards higher sustainability.
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An Overview of the Results of the Empirical Research
Currently unfolding before us is the process of globalization, which has led to the networking of the global society and the intensification of transnational mobility of human educational capital. In the conditions of regional and class division, the process of asymmetrical globalization is also reflected in the unequal labour exchange in the gray matter market between countries belonging to different areas of the global world system. Of course, Serbia today is also under the effect of the aforementioned process. The subjects of this paper are the global, regional and national causes and consequences of the brain drain from Serbia and the innovative-creative potential of the Serbian intellectual diaspora for the development of Serbia and the protection of its interests in the contemporary world. This research is of a multidisciplinary character – sociological-demographical, ethno-culturological and communicological. Following the dictates of the so-called integral paradigm, efforts have been made to obtain valid results for scientific conclusions through a unity of theoretical problematization and synthesis of the results derived from empirical research. The paper consists of the analysis and interpretation of the results of empirical research done on the topic of causes and consequences of the brain drain, as well as the potential of the Serbian intellectual diaspora, conducted on a two-fold sample: one part consisting of the student population of Serbia and the other of the Serbian intellectual diaspora. The focus of the research was on the beliefs of the respondents regarding the motives, causes and consequences of the brain drain happening in Serbia, as well as the motives and the possibilities for the return to the native country. The sample consists of more than 950 respondents (545 students from Serbia and 413 diaspora members). The results of the research have shown that students and members of the Serbian intellectual diaspora hold identical beliefs regarding the perception of the main cause behind the brain drain in Serbia, with both groups citing the economic underdevelopment of the country and low levels of the quality of life, with both of the aforementioned factors influencing the ability to keep cadres within the country or to encourage their return. Of course, this fact is also conditioned by, among other things, the level of Serbia’s involvement in the processes of globalization, as well as by its position in the contemporary division of labour. The very end of the paper also highlights the program of possible measures and recommendations which have an action-oriented character, for the purpose of resolving this problem and creating a new policy regarding diaspora.
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When the public gets busy at work, a lot of people are used to eating out to solve the trouble with having meals. It therefore booms food service. Food service presents the responsibility to provide people with healthy food and environment and is the most important and the best place to promote food safety and hygiene. Food hygiene is an important part in nutrition education and reveals close relationship with people’s physical and mental health. Aiming at food service employees in Fujian Province, total 500 copies of questionnaire are distributed, with random sampling, in this study. 348 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 70%. The retrieved questionnaire data are analyzed with statistical software. The research results show remarkable correlations between environmental management and social responsibility, social responsibility and environmental performance, and environmental management and environmental performance. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to help food service businesses present correct food hygiene cognition, attitude, and behavior, deliver correct information to food service employees, and become the learning model of food service employees. It would improve the public food hygiene and promote national health.
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U priloženom radu je učinjen pokušaj, prvo, da se na jednom mestu sakupi i interpretira sav antropološki materijal istorijskih perioda Jugoslavije prikupljen i publikovan zaključno sa 1982. godinom i, drugo, da se uz pomoć multivarijabilnih biostatističkih metoda dobije slika o antropološkoj strukturi i etnogenezi stanovništva od rimskog perioda do kasnog srednjeg veka. Tematski, ovaj rad je zapravo nastavak studije o stanju i problemima fizičke antropologije praistorijskih perioda na tlu Jugoslavije. Jedan od glavnih ciljeva ostao je praćenje mikroevolutivnih procesa, pre svega procesa brahikranizacije i dinarizacije stanovništva — paralelnih bioantropoloških procesa najkarakterističnijih za antropogenezu na Balkanskom poluostrvu. Tu, svakako, spada i proces metizacije autohtonog stanovništva sa različitim doseljenicima (npr., romanska retorta, seoba naroda, slovenska ekspanzija). Osnovu za ovu studiju čine 42 raspoložive antropološke serije (pojedinačni nalazi zbog metodoloških pravila nisu uzeti u obzir, a sem toga oni svojim brojem predstavljaju sasvim zanemarljiv deo) sa ukupno oko 5000 individualnih skeleta, od čega je autor obradio 17 serija sa oko 2000 individua (lokaciju videti na karti I). Za razumevanje i diferenciranje elnogenetskih i antropogenelskih procesa neophodno je u najkraćim crtama osvrnuti se na ključne istorijske elemente pomenutog razdoblja (prema Istoriji Jugoslavije, Beograd 1972). Da rezimiramo, jedna od najstarijih etničkih poznatih grupa na teritoriji Jugoslavije bili su Hiti, tj. plemenski savez nastao pretežno u zapadnom delu Balkanskog poluostrva. Vrlo brzo je došlo do neprijateljskih odnosa sa Rimskim Carstvom, pri čemu su Iliri bili poraženi. Osvojene su najpre seveme oblasti istočne jadranske obale, a u nastavku ratovanja — za vreme vladavine Oktavijana Avgusta — ćelo Balkansko poluostrvo je postalo deo Rimske Imperije. Na početku velike suprotnosti između balkanskih starosedelaca i rimskih pridošlica vremenom su se izmenile, tako da je iz antagonizma stvorena jedna vrsta simbioze. Jezik i kultura starosedelaca su, na određen način uključeni u rimsku svakodnevnicu na Balkanu i obrnuto. Stanovnici provincija služili su u rimskoj vojsci, tako da su veliki deo svog života provodili na granicama Carstva, šireći u isto vreme rimski način života i kulturu uopšte. rojevima od 1 do 17), polna pripadnost individualnih skeleta je određivana na osnovu 21 polno-morfološkog elementa na lobanji i postkranijalnom skeletu (1. tuber frontale et parietale, 2. glabela — arcus supercilialis, 3. processus mastoydeus, 4. protuberantia occipitalis externa, 5. squama occipitalis, 6. margo supraorbitalis, 7. arcus zygomaticus, 8. faciès malaris, 9. corpus mandibulae, 10. trigonum mentale, 11. angulus mandibulae, 12. capitulum mandibulae, 13. angulus pubis, 14. pelvis maior, 15. pelvis minor, 16. foramen obturatum, 17. incisura ischiadica maior, 18. sacrum, 19. caput femoris, 20. femur-linea asperae i 21. clavicula). Kod nepotpuno očuvanih skeleta pol je određivan na osnovu očuvanih primarnih elemenata na karlici, lobanji i femuni. Kod određivanja individualne starosti dece (do oko 14 godina života) primenjivana je lista po Kronfeldu (1954). Za period života od 15 do 21, odnosno do 23 godine korišćeni su dijagrami Wolf-Heideggera (1954). Za određivanje smrtnosti odraslih osoba korišćeni su kombinovani klasični metodi (obliteracija šavova Iobanjskog svoda, kompaktnost mase spongioze u glavama femura i humerusa, površinska struktura karličnih simfiziona (naročito važno kod ženskog pola), kao i atricija gornje krunične površine zuba-molara). Iz rimskog perioda potiče svega 6 antropološki obrađenih serija iz Jugoslavije. Brojem su nešto bogatije serije ranog srednjeg veka, koje u osnovi prezentiraju predslovensko stanovništvo. Dendrogram 12 pokazuje koeficijente međusobne sličnosti tog stanovništva na osnovu Penroseove distance. Razgranatost klastera nije signifikantna, nego, naprotiv — relativna homogenost. Svega nekoliko rastojanja parova povezano je na nivou najveće sličnosti, konkretno ispod 2,00: Između serije Ptuj 1946, s jedne strane, Grudine-Čipulić i Nin-Ždrijac, s druge strane, zatim između Radolišta i Svetog Erazma. Skala rastojanja se praktično završava kod koeficijenta 0,720. Jedini izuzetak predstavlja serija iz Daraž- Bošnjaka, koja stoji jako izolovano. Relativno je bogat skeletni materijal iz perioda kasnog srednjeg veka, koji obuhvata pretežno slovenske, ali i druge starosedelačke grupe. Odgovarajući dendrogram (13) ocrtava ispod kritičnog koeficijenta (ispod .200) serije Viminacium- Nad lugom, Sombor i Sentu. Optički posmatrano, u istom dendrogramu jasno se razlikuju dva supklastera. Prvi obuhvata Dobraču (1), Vrbas (2), Brestovik (5), Kalemegđan 1972 (12); drugi Rašku Gora (3), Viminacium-Nad Lugom (6), Sombor (7), Sentu (13), Vinču (4), Pavlovac (8), Kuline (9) i Glavicu (10). Sasvim izolovano mesto zauzima serija Kalemegđan 1968, a koja je pripisana mongoloidima (Mađarima). Kao što je u uvodu već napomenuto, jedan od ciljeva ovoga rada je, svakako, pokušaj tumačenja procesa brahikranizacije. Zbog toga bi se trebalo ukratko osvrnuti i na antropološke nalaze praistorijskih perioda. Još početkom ovog stoleća utvrđeno je da se između seveme i južne Evrope prostire jedan pojas »kratkoglavog stanovništva«. Prema kartama rasprostranjenosti karakterističnih kombinacija osobina (Ripley, Biasutti, Struck) , ovaj pojas recentnog stanovništva zahvata jugoistočnu Francusku, južnu Nemačku, oblast Alpa kao i oblast dinarskih planina u Jugoslaviji. Taj pojas kratkoglavog stanovništva (alpskog i dinarskog tipa) prvi put je u prošlosti pouzdano identifikovan na nalazima iz"perioda gvozdenog doba što je autor i utvrdio u ovoj studiji. Sasvim je pouzdano da je jedan centar brahikranizacije postojao i na Balkanskom poluostrvu. Ali, pojedinačno nađene brahikrane lobanje, npr. sa teritorije Jugoslavije, vezuju se i za ranije praistorijske epohe, konkretno za protoneolitske i neolitske serije u Đerdapu. Zatim se nešto kasnije pojavljuju u starčevačkim slojevima u Vinči kod Beograda i u slojevima II—IV u Smilčiću na jadranskoj obali. U mlađem neplitu i eneolitu Jugoslavije brahikrane lobanje, s obzirom na sadašnji stupanj istraženosti, nisu utvrđene. Uopšte uzevši, ovi periodi su vrlo slabo zastupljeni antropološkim nalazima. Sasvim jasno, u bronzanom dobu na Balkanskom poluostrvu dolazi do izražaja proces brahikranizacije i uporedo dinarizacije. Počeci ovog procesa verovatno sežu u dublju prošlost, koja se, međutim, na sadašnjem stupnju istraženosti ne može sasvim pouzdano odrediti. S druge strane, i etničke pođele na Balkanu poprimaju pouzdane kriterij ume u bronzanom dobu. Sasvim globalno interpretirano, zapadni delovi su nastanjeni ilirskim, a istočni tračkim etno-kulturnim grupacijama. Razlike na dijagramu ispoljene između severnih i južnih jugoslovenskih oblasti u sklopu brahikranizacionog procesa mogle bi da ocrtavaju i etno-istorijske razlike. Naime, severne jugoslovenske oblasti (iznad Save i Dunava) manje su brahikrane od južnih, što može da bude posledica činjenice da je germansko, avarsku i kasnije slovensko naseljavanje u ravničarskim oblastima bilo intenzivnije. Nasuprot ovakvoj situaciji, u južnim planinskim oblastima udeo autohtonog stanovništva (dinarskog antropološkog tipa) u daljem antropo- i etnogenetskorn razvoju u pravcu recentnog stanovništva daleko je viši nego u prethodnom slučaju.
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The authors focus on the generation of young Belarusian Millennials represented in this research by the students born in 1995–2000. Their main features include political indifference, everyday use of IT technologies, individualism and rational life attitudes. Taking into account both objective and subjective characteristics of this generation, the authors argue that it demonstrates a significant shift in societal development of Belarus. Under the social and cultural conditions of stability and political conservatism, the ‘silent revolution’ took place: Millennials transcoded the traditional values of the previous Soviet generations. The conceptualization of this phenomenon cannot be made only on the basis of quantitative data not capturing the new tendencies in youth development. The authors combine qualitative and quantitative methods that enhance a possibility to measure new meanings the youth puts into the basic values. This approach made it possible to discover the new youth features that may affect Belarusian development in the near future: its ambivalent self-identification, dominance of pragmatism and individualism. This phenomenon can be considered as a spontaneous reflection to the challenges that Belarus was facing during the post-Soviet transformation.
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The development of Internet contributed to the development of the information society. Since the 90’s, the Internet has been developed also in Poland. A virtual world has become an environment for the new unknown risks faced by the Polish society. It is necessary to take steps and create rules regulating functioning in a virtual world.
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