CONCEPTUAL AND ETIOLOGICAL APPROACHES OF PARENTAL ATTITUDES MANIFESTED WITHIN ROMANIAN TRANSNATIONAL FAMILIES

Author(s): Marian Pîslariu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 26/2021

The present study attaches major importance to transnational parenting, an extremely common phenomenon in the context of globalization, the development of information and communication technology and means of air transport, and aims to explore a new sphere of family sociology generated by the diversity and plurality of the contemporary world, focusing on the presentation of the most relevant aspects that can describe "what it is like to be a parent working abroad". Thus, this paper tries to broaden the horizon of understanding the phenomenon of migration as a social practice and to highlight the specific characteristics of distance parenting, beyond numbers. Our attention is directed to the study of the transnational family, because it can give us access to the understanding of this particular type of parenthood, namely, transnational parenting. Alternative models for understanding the effects of migration are proposed, with an emphasis on how they influence child-rearing practices and how children-parents relate.

URBANISM AND SUBURBANISM AS LIFESTYLES

Author(s): Violeta Alina Preda (Hagiu) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 27/2021

The anthropological perspective tries to balance the real living conditions, aiming at the behavior, values, expectations and possibilities of some groups. It does not limit itself to the stage of ascertaining, exemplifying or classifying a phenomenon, but tries to reveal the motivations and meanings of its representations. Anthropology observes, perceives and understands cultural phenomena, it notices what is happening, the framework, conditions and context in which they occur, it explains in a rational way why individuals do what they do.

HOW TO FOR YOUNG WOMEN IN OLTENIA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XXTH CENTURY

Author(s): Georgeta Ghionea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 28/2022

Starting with the XXth century the scientists have been looking for evidences which demonstrate that women were fated from biologic point of view to household activities rather than social whereby women were before all a wife and a mother. By her nature she needed to be the household guardian and the custodian of good customs and morals and by her purpose she was destined to soften the rigors of daily life.

"PARENTS FAR AWAY, SCHOOL CLOSE TO CHILDREN!"

Author(s): Ancuța-Florentina Miheț (Răpcău) / Language(s): English Issue: 31/2022

Since the 1990s, from the post-December period until now, there has been a labor migration phenomenon, especially in the European space. In this case, the family goes through a period of crisis, the most affected being the children, who are no longer interested in school. Thus, absenteeism, poor school results, school dropouts appear, they become emotionally vulnerable, have communication problems with relatives/parents and teachers and reduced possibilities of spending free time for educational purposes. A category of vulnerable people is represented by children, whose parents have gone to work abroad, because it is known that the family environment contributes to the child's development process. In this context, it is necessary to specify, what are the needs felt by the children in the absence of their parents at home. Both for the smallest and for teenagers, parents represent emotional support in school and extra-curricular activities, in terms of going to school, learning activities, involvement in certain leisure activities, such as and in making important decisions for their lives. In addition to the support and emotional support provided, communication is another important aspect felt by children in the absence of their parents. Throughout childhood and adolescence, parents, especially mothers, are always close to children trying to communicate with them about the problems they have. Children from families with parents working abroad need unique and strong support to succeed. By strengthening the links between educational, community, and social programs, a comprehensive and integrative approach is created to address school success and child development. Starting from these general aspects, which involve major responsibilities for any teaching staff, if the institutions qualified in the phenomenon of education, are well organized and respect their specific educational program according to all rigors, then they have a significant contribution in the phenomenon of adaptation, in the sense that these institutions "produce" adaptation, contribute to increasing adaptation. This is an important premise for the wider social integration of children, future adults, which ultimately leads to the reduction of school and, more generally, social deviance.

ACTIVE AGEING – PRINCIPLE OF SOCIAL POLICIES

Author(s): Anastasia Oceretnîi / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

The article presents an important issue for policy-makers: active ageing principle. The active ageing mainstreaming is a need for contemporary society, affected by the demographic ageing, that will put pressure on the financial system, on social security system, on health system, on labour market etc. Early interventions through programs and measures will contribute to increasing the resilience of societies and transforming the challenges generated by ageing into opportunities. The article represents a historiographical analysis of the development of the concept of active aging, including the case of the Republic of Moldova.

Governance in Peer Production Communities: the Case of Debian Project Leader Elections

Author(s): Mikołaj Rogiński / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The purpose of this article is to explore the Debian Project, which is a peer production organization, and to answer the main research question of what topics were discussed in Project Leader candidates’ program statements.One of the organizational solutions, voting for the Project Leader, was subjected to detailed analysis. According to the usual practice, candidates for the leadership position each publish a program declaration. The study collected all such declarations from 1999–2020 and analyzed them using quantitative text analysis methods. As a result, it was possible to define the most important topics appearing in the declarations, and to track changes in their proportions over time. It was found that management has always been an important topic for candidates. In turn, analysis using Structural Topic Modeling showed at a detailed level which sub-topics related to management were discussed, and how their share changed over time.

THE EVOLUTION OF EDUCATION SALARIES IN ROMANIA. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN THE PERIOD 2007-2022

Author(s): Nicoleta Mihăilă / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2023

The purpose of the paper is to elaborate an analysis of the salaries in education, in the period 2007-2022, in Romania, in order to highlight the situation in this economic branch, compared to other economic sectors. We consider the following: the average net salary from education vs the average net salaries from other economic branches, in Romania, in the period 2007-2022, the cost of labor, from education, in the years 2007-2021, as well as a comparative analysis of salaries in education in Romania vs member states of the European Union, according to GDP/inhabitant, for the year 2021. In our analysis we use the statistical data provided by the National Institute of Statistics (INS), for the period 2007-2022 (on- line TEMPO databases and press releases), the report Salaries of teachers and school principals in Europe in the school year 2020/2021, developed by Eurydice (2022), the salary grid for education for the year 2022.

Практически граници на една радикална критика на модерността (критически опит върху теорията за резонанса)

Author(s): Svetla Marinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

This article is an attempt at a critical understanding of one of the major and most influential contemporary versions of critique theory ‒ the German sociologist Hartmut Rosa’s theory of acceleration and resonance. He claims to ground a new critical sociology that would include everything: diagnosis of contemporary times, critical theory of modernity and a theoretical alternative to modern society. What are the theoretical limitations and deficits of a critical theory that focuses on society as a whole, on modernity as a social formation? How can one think of and theorize sociologically on a social formation that is an alternative to modernity? And what are the chances that a diagnostic social critique which grounds its normativity ethically may participate in the development of an alternative sociality? These are some of the main questions in the perspective of which I analyze this major critical project.

DIGITALIZATION – ESSENTIAL FACTOR FOR INCREASING THE PERFORMANCE IN THE HEALTH FIELD

Author(s): Carmen Comaniciu,Andra Comaniciu / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

The health system is made up of a set of independent components (but specialized and profiled) that are interdependent and allow ensuring the health of the individual, in families, groups and the community. In this regard, entities with attributions in the field of health are those that fulfil a mission that means more than diagnosing and curing diseases, they are those entities that must orientate their objectives to ensure everyone and everywhere a perfect state of health, a state of physical, mental and social well-being. Since the benefits of digitization are unanimously recognized in the sense of improving processes, increasing efficiency and effectiveness, reducing costs and digital transformation has progressed rapidly in the recent period, increasing the overall efficiency of the health sector can be achieved through the use of digital solutions. Without pretending to be an exhaustive approach, through this article we will highlight some coordinates of the digitization of the health system, taking into account the studies and research from the specialized literature, which presents the success factors, opportunities, challenges and risks.

Depozytariuszka pamięci

Author(s): Róża Sułek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2022

Rationality and Modern Capitalism in the Context of Max Weber’s Work with Genetic Concepts

Author(s): Kolyo Koev / Language(s): English Issue: Special/2023

This article will follow approximately the following strategy. I will first show briefly what the logic of Weber’s work with genetic – as opposed to classificatory – concepts consists of and what possibilities it opens up for historical theoretical consideration. I will then trace some possible results of the application of this work to the concepts of “rationalism” (“Western rationalism”) and “capitalism” (“modern capitalism”). Particular emphasis will be placed on some specific configurations (historical encounters) that such work on rationalism and capitalism has come across, but I will show that these – mongrel in character – formations also highlight fields of possible disintegration. All this, as I will summarize in the end, allows further light to be shed on the interrelationship between rationality and capitalism. Finally, rather as a promise for future work, I will briefly consider a different (Schumpeter’s) vision of the relationship between rationality and capitalism, which nevertheless stems from Weberian contexts.

The Problem of Abductive Inference: Between Magic and Disenchantment

Author(s): Martina Mineva / Language(s): English Issue: Special/2023

In this article, I proceed from the already discussed problem of subjectness in abductive inference, aiming to offer a deeper experimental analysis of its endogenous practical logic in light of the problem of the so-called metamorphoses of magic and disenchantment in the context of the problems of theories of structures of self-mediation. To this end, I first present in detail the problem of the functions of abductive inference, and then offer an experimental analysis of a case of innovative labor – the story of Thomas Edison’s invention of the electric lamp and his attempts to turn it into an economic innovation. Against the background of some major moments in its factual history, I present explicitly the results of an analysis of the endogenous practical logic of the dialectical alongside the results of an analysis of the non-classical logic of the dialectical (while upholding in each analysis the viewpoint of the other, albeit mostly implicitly). Thus, analyzing abductive inference in the perspective of the problems of theories of structures of self-mediation, the article summarizes the chances that this inference provides for thinking multidimensionally of the metamorphoses of magic and disenchantment as a special case of the more general problem of both the operation and mutual mediation of functionally differentiated and functionally diffuse structures.

OVERCOMING COMMUNICATION BARRIERS: SHIFTS IN THE ROMANIAN MEDICAL SYSTEM

Author(s): Laura Ioana Leon / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

Beatrice Mahler’s book, Comunicarea medic-pacient în cuvinte și dincolo de cuvinte, (Humanitas Publishing House, 2023) comes at a good moment in the whole Romanian context. Communication skills in healthcare system are still a territory that needs improvement in the Romanian system, and what the author attempts to do ist o educate or at least to raise awareness to the important aspect of the medical life. Beatrice Mahler attempts t ogive an overview on the major aspects of the communication process in healthcare settings, based on the Western European standards, while discussing, in the second part of the book, how these things are applied in our system. Beatrice Mahler not only interviews health carers, but she also listens to the opinion of some others who either carry out their profession in the field of communication, asking for advice. All these experts in the field of communication find different aspects of the communication patterns that would need improvement in our system, coming up with examples meant to show the actual problems of the system. Another important detail which is also explored in the book is that of the challenges of the pandemic, mainly from the point of view of the doctor-patient dialogue. The book is useful, and it should be taken as a guide to reconsider all the aspects of the communication patterns in our healthcare system.

THEORIES OF THE RELATION BETWEEN EDUCATION AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY

Author(s): Simina-Maria Mikó (Morar) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

The text explores two main sociological paradigms regarding education: the functionalist and conflictualist perspectives. According to the functionalist paradigm, education serves crucial functions in society such as social integration, equal opportunities, and moral development. It justifies inequalities as outcomes of fair competition within the educational system. The conflictualist paradigm emphasizes class struggle and the perpetuation of social inequalities within education. Theories within this paradigm highlight how education reproduces existing social inequalities rather than alleviating them. Additionally, the text discusses various individualistic models regarding education and social inequalities, including Rational Choice Theory, Equal Educational Opportunity Theory, and others, which examine factors contributing to inequality in accessing education and its outcomes. In summary, the text examines theoretical perspectives on how education systems contribute to the reproduction of social inequalities, considering factors such as individual decision-making, institutional arrangements, and societal contexts.

Ludwik Fleck: pionir sociologije znanosti u okviru idejnih nasljednika

Author(s): Mislav Uzunić / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

The paper examines Ludwig Fleck's theory with a particular emphasis on its application to the sociological analysis of knowledge and science. Fleck's position is then compared to Thomas Kuhn's theory and the theory of the Edinburgh School of Sociology (SSK) to delineate their conceptual and methodological differences in defining the social aspects of science. Throughout the 20th century, there exists a continuous axis of sociological analysis of science and knowledge, carried out by Fleck, Kuhn, and SSK. However, the paper argues that Fleck's and Kuhn's theories are fundamentally aligned due to their analysis of rational factors underlying the scientific decision-making process, while SSK deviates with its radical interpretation of Kuhn, assuming a strong influence of irrational and non-scientific factors on scientific processes. Therefore, it is necessary to differentiate between what Fleck and Kuhn mean by 'social' and what SSK practitioners mean by it. Fleck and Kuhn refer to the relations within scientific collectives and among scientists themselves, which are presumably based on epistemic factors, primarily in knowledge shared through rationality and evidence. On the other hand, SSK members extend the analysis to the relationship between science and the broader social context in order to identify irrational and non-scientific factors within these relations. The emphasis on irrational factors in science constitutes radicalism, as well as the originality of SSK's application of its own sociological framework, which has led to criticism that this approach represents a form of scientific anti-realism that relativises the rationality and success of science.

Vjeran Katunarić (1949. – 2023.)

Author(s): Rade Kalanj / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2023

In memoriam: Vjeran Katunarić (1949. – 2023.)

A New York of Their Own: A Romanian Sacred Space in the City

Author(s): Mona Momescu / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2023

Based on an archive unexplored so far, namely that of the St.Dumitru Romanian Orthodox Church in Manhattan (Romanian Orthodox Parish “St. Dumitru”), the paper reflects on the complicated history of the Romanian-American community shaped its modern identity, and its relations to New York City, the official, other communities, and with the “old country” (Romania), within a decade (1939-1949).It also examines how the new identity of the community was supported by the Romanian-American sacred space, and how this became a matrix of language and culture preservation and transformation, of political and social consciousness, and of post-WW II engagement with ethnic and political injustice.

SOCIOLOGI ÎN COMUNISM. ÎNCEPUTURILE UNEI PROFESII FĂRĂ STATUT, ÎN ANII SOCIALISMULUI TÂRZIU. SORIN MITULESCU (COORDONATOR)

Author(s): Zoltán Rostás / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2022

This reviewed book is the first authentic document about sociological education between 1966 and 1989 in Bucharest. The testimonies, interviews and analyzes of Sorin Mitulescu and his colleagues describe the unfair employment of young graduates. This was due to the unprofessional preparation of the establishment of sociological education.

Příchod postindustriální společnosti

Author(s): Jan Keller / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2024

A retro-review of the book: Bell, Daniel: The Coming of Post-Industrial Society. New York: Basic Books 1973, ISBN 0465012817, 9780465012817. It has been more than half a century since one of the most respected American sociologists, Daniel Bell, announced the end of classical industrial modernity and the advent of a completely new post-industrial society. He was reacting to a previous finding by economists that the number of persons employed in the tertiary sector exceeded the number of those employed in industry. Daniel Bell’s book is not significant for what the author claims about the newly emerging society, indeed almost none of his predictions came true. Nevertheless, in a sense, the book has not aged.It remains a witness of the atmosphere that pervaded the late 1960s and early 1970s. It was a period in which many still believed that new trends in technology and the economy would lead to the radical restructuring of society, solve a number of social problems and fulfil a wide range of highly-optimistic expectations.

Exploring John Searle’s Analysis of Intentional Satisfaction: Sociological Implications for the Concept of Intentionality

Author(s): Mei LAN,Yumin SHI,You ZHANG / Language(s): English Issue: 86/2024

This paper delves into the concept of intentionality, which is deeply ingrained in the representation of consciousness, and its significance in comprehending human behavior and societal dynamics. Specifically, it examines John Searle’s analysis of intentional satisfaction and contrasts it with the theory of Intentionality put forth by Husserl. Searle’s perspective, particularly his exploration of conditions of satisfaction and intentional consciousness, sheds light on the intersection of the mind and reality. At the heart of Searle’s framework lies the crucial connection between intentional satisfaction and causal experience, advocating for a naturalistic philosophical standpoint. By delving into these intricacies, the paper aims to uncover sociological implications for comprehending intentionality within the framework of social structures and interactions. Searle’s examination of intentional satisfaction offers insights into how individuals attribute meaning to their actions and experiences, shaping their understanding of the world around them. Furthermore, by juxtaposing Searle’s ideas with Husserl’s theory, the paper highlights the diverse philosophical perspectives on intentionality and underscores the complexity of this concept. Moreover, by exploring the relationship between intentional satisfaction and causal experience, Searle’s framework suggests a nuanced understanding of the mechanisms underlying human behavior. This understanding not only enriches philosophical discourse but also has profound implications for fields such as psychology and sociology. In conclusion, this paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on intentionality by offering a comparative analysis of Searle’s perspective with that of Husserl, while also emphasizing the sociological implications of understanding intentionality within social contexts. Through this exploration, we gain deeper insights into the intricate dynamics of consciousness representation and its role in shaping human behavior and societal interactions.