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First polish translation of Julia Kristeva's short essay on masochism.
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First polish translation of Julia Kristeva's short essay on masochism.
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The article analyzes the metapsychological theory of Austrian neurologist, psychiatrist, psychologist, and initiator of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud. The article focuses on the philosophical sources and foundations of the theory which made a powerful impact on Western culture. Freud borrowed many ideas from non-classic philosophy and incorporated them into his own theory of psychoanalysis. In the structure of human psyche, Freud distinguished two conflicting drives: Eros and Thanatos, as fundamental instincts. The first is the life drive for survival and procreation; the second is the death drive for destruction and self-destruction. What Freud writes of them in his works resembles aspects of Schopenhauer’s The World as Will and Representation and Nietzsche’s The Birth of Tragedy but Freud claims that he formulated the concepts of the drives before he became acquainted with these works
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The article observes theoretical and practical aspects of constructing oneiric-based fiction realities in the novel «Flood emperor» by Volodymyr Yeshkilev. Relying on the contemporary literary studies about postmodern in Ukrainian literature (Kharchuk), oneiric discourse of contemporary prose (Lazarenko, Kosheluk) and Volodymyr Yeshkilev’s creative method (Holnyk) we have offered a hypothesis of the necessity of studying the novel The Emperor of Flood in the context of oneiric analysis. Analyzing subconscious phenomena with psychoanalytic (Jung) and ideological (Zizek) methods and literary analysis we have explicited the terms «oneiric», «oneiric chronotope», and «fiction machine» and formed combinatory approach to oneiric layer of the text. The author suggests considering the novel as a postmodern game and differentiating oneiric chronotope itself («Opadlo» locus and other alternative worlds) from dream layer which stylizes the text. The elements of postmodern stylisation were extracted from the whole oneiric layer of the novel. We have also made the analysis of the author’s cinematographic style of «breaking the fourth wall» which is realized in Yeshkilev’s almost direct quoting of literary (Bakhtin’s statements about time and space in the novel are present in the text of The Emperor of Flood itself as ontological characteristics of the topos), theoretico-literary (Borges’s idea of «4 main cycles» forms the ontology of the novel) and philosophical (Nietzsche’s concept of the eternal return makes the main time-and -space law of the artistic world) ideas. In addition oneiric traits characteristic for the locus Opadlo that make object of direct psychoanalytical and ideological analysis have been defined. The article defines and decrypts main archetypes and artefacts of the reality built on subconscious imagination, and locates Yeshkilev's novel in postmodern prose and fantasy discourse.
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The polygraph is an instrument that detects, monitors, and records physiological responses that are allegedly of psychological origin and attributed to deception. Hence the human mind and its complex psychology are the core of the detected physical responses. However, the polygraph industry has almost entirely overlooked psychological issues in its training and publishing. The industry focuses its attention and interest on various technical aspects of the test such as e.g. scoring, rather than concentrating on what is most important, i.e. the examinee’s psychology, as it is responsible for almost the entire test result. The paper extensively explains the importance of examinee psychology and its influence on test outcome, points to the shortfalls in training and publication activity of the industry, and discusses the result and impact of the industry’s approach.
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Any practice that deals with a certain issue from a scientifically applied aspect in front of itself has a number of challenges, difficulties, and problems. At the same time, it carries with it a number of advantages, specifics, values and strengths, especially with respect to a particular population with which it is engaged and which it has as its central target group. So the group social work as a child of the psychology of the small group and clinical psychology, on the one hand, and the typical social work and the wider social substrate, on the other hand, poses a multitude of challenges, questions, dilemmas in front of them.
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The field of social work in Macedonia was developed in several stages; in each of these there has been advancement in education and professional development of social workers. The role of a social worker in the past would be more in administration day, they are analysts and researchers who, coping with the modern day issues and the consequences of the social existence of the growing number of individuals and groups, are facing the challenges of using new modes of assistance and improving the mental and social state of users. Their line of work implies dealing with individuals and groups of various ages, with various problems (misconduct, substance abuse, post-violence effect, stress, mental illness), which, among others, are the result of the detrimental influence of the family and wider social setting, thus creating the need to use alternative therapeutic methods and techniques in reducing the negative social impact. Which psychotherapeutic techniques can be used by the social worker; are social workers here capable at using a particular psychotherapeutic approaches and what is the need for education in this area, are the main questions in the research paper. The targets were 40 social workers employed in different areas. Applied technique is questionnaire. The results show that only a small number of (14%), social workers attend any education programs on specific therapeutic approach. The need for application of appropriate therapeutic approaches, suitable for professional profile of social worker is not only a challenge for social workers, but also its necessity of professional social work.
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The effort is directed towards displaying different factors of maturity in maturity. The research had a purpose to investigate the differences in investigating the resilience of the respondents from wounds, middle and poor maturity in relation to sex, the level of education, spouse and work status. The survey was conducted on samples of 1612 inhabitants of Serbia from 37 towns and villages, of two poles, aged 27-70 years and at all educational levels. A PORPOS battery is used, a dedicated instrument of 389 items and dusts, which, in addition to the second, contains a short scale for estimation of resiliency, as well as a list of general data. The results show that respondents with a deep maturity in relation to those of early and medium maturity are less resilient in terms of all examined factors at a statistically significant level. Specifically, women in the mid-mature period, who will be compared with the other two subgroups of their females, have the greatest resilience, and the females in their mature maturity, compared with the other subgroups of men, have the smallest. Likewise, respondents in a deep maturity are less resilient than the other two subgroups in relation to all levels of education, except for the basic one when they are not married and caregivers. In addition, the respondents in early maturity with the highest level of education are less resilient than those who are in middle maturity. The results obtained generally suggest that the level of resistance changes in the course of the age and that sociodemographic factors should be included in its comprehension.
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The purpose of this research was to clarify the relationship to the level of self esteem and general and examination anxiety, as well as to determine the difference between general and examination anxiety among the students. Measuring instruments that were used in this research are Rosenberg self-esteem Scale, anxiety scale constructed by Hamilton and Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI). In the survey attended 70 participants, students from the Institute of Social Work and Social Policy in Skopje. Revealed was a lower level of anxiety among the students with higher (normal) self-esteem, and vice versa, among those with low self-esteem has a significantly higher proportion of anxiety. Also, it was proved that what the students that have a greater general anxiety, have significantly higher level of examination anxiety.
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In the context of increasing recongnition and diagnosis of developmental disorders in children within mainstream schools, there appears a pressing need to develop multidisciplinary approaches in intervention to meet the needs of a large client group. Using social work case management in recovery and school integration of children with developmental disorders, helps maximize the effects of different types of therapies which addresses this pathology. The case study in this article presents a structured intervention model in the case management of a child diagnosed with mild autistic spectrum disorder and a working model for a multidisciplinary approach in recovery and school integration.
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The aim of philosophy, for Wittgenstein, is to show the way out to the fly trapped in the bottle. According to him, metaphysics and the fly’s “false-consciousness” are of the same kind. The fly inside the bottle speaks falsely about “the bottle” (the world) as if it were looking from the outside of the bottle. Cinema with the power to produce images, unlike the eye as a body-dependent position, has the ability to show the bottle from outside. Yorgos Lanthimos’ Dogtooth (Kynodontas) creates a world that allows us to look at the bottle we live in with a meta-view. Contrary to common belief, Dogtooth is not the story of an abnormal, pathological family. In fact, it reveals the codes that cover the abnormalities in the society, constructed through the language, we live in. It is, indeed, the story of all of us which is told in the film. In this context, Lacanian psychoanalysis and Lacan’s way of understanding the language and society provide audiences with a powerful tool for analyzing the film. With the Lacanian strategy, the film does not tell us what the real is, because the real is unexplainable. It shows us what the real is not. The main claim of this paper is the idea that Lacan’s Symbolic Order and the world established in Dogtooth extremely intersect. In this study, Lanthimos’ film will be analyzed by putting the Lacanian paradigm at the center and the central role of the language in the process of constructing our reality will be discussed.
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In this study we tried to discuss the effects and effects of neuroses on daily life. Neuroses are mild and psychoses represent relatively severe cases. Neurosis is a state of psychic conflicts and thought disorders as a result of negative effects directly from the environment, regardless of an organic cause. The neurotic person is not disconnected from real life, although there are some discrepancies and surroundings. More or less right now, we prefer to ignore our problems that we all cannot and cannot overcome, either by forgetting them or denying them by developing defense mechanisms. In neurosis, people face despair if they encounter obstacles that they cannot overcome as they progress in line with their desires and ideals. First they judge their own abilities. He is angry with the environment when he is criticized and repressed by his surroundings because he cannot overcome obstacles. But most of the time, it does not express its anger. As my site and anger become superimposed, various problems arise and they start to give uncomfortable to the person.
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In this paper, I consider the role that individual and collective memory plays in constructing personal identity. I particularly focus on the problem of entangled memory (symbolic injuries which demand reconciliation). Analyzing the internal relation between recalling and forgetting, I argue that self-recognition (and self-interpretation) is possible only if the past events find their meaning in the narrative structure. I refer to Ricoeur’s research on memory and to the concept of narrative identity. By emphasizing the fact that temporal experience and the narrative operation are intertwined, I suggest that we need constant narrativization in striving for our inner integrity.
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S obzirom na to da je vrednosno neutralna psihoterapija nemoguća, ono što je potrebno jeste savestan i sistematski napor da se vrednosne predpostavke učine jasnim, kako bismo bili u stanju da sudimo o vrednostima pojedinih psihoterapija i da se u skladu sa tim za njih i racionalno opredeljujemo. U ovom članku se detaljno i kritički analiziraju vrednosti savremene psihoanalize razmatranjem njenih osnovnih vrednosnih predpostavki koje se tiču: slike čoveka, koncepta mentalnog zdravlja/bolesti, terapijskih cljeva, koncepta vremena, pojma slobode (determinizma/indeterminizma), odnosa čovek-svet.
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The article deals with the psychoanalitycal and phenomenological approach to the irrational foundations of social phenomena. Besides an analysis of Freud’s understanding of the irrational basis of social phenomena, it is also exposed the viewpoint of some other psychoanalysts related to the emotional basis and continuity of collective irrationality. The above is followed by an analysis of collective irrationality in the phenomenological sociology, i.c. ethnomcthodology, in their investigation of everyday’s life and other emotional aspects of social reality.
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Fromm's specific scientific method developed from the attempt to integrate marxism with psychoanalysis. This unusual approach evolved from the basic postulate of his worldview, that is, the center of the world, society and science is the human being defined by the complex joteracBon of its biological, psychological, antropologlioal and philosophical essence.
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Regarding scientific development, psychoanalysis has been compared to the Copernican and Darwinian revolution. Freud has added his name to the well-established comparison of Copernicus and Darwin by introducing his notion of three blows to man’s narcissism, defining his discovery of psychoanalysis as the most dangerous last blow. The presentation examines the possible continuation of the series of the biggest scientific revolution in Jacques Derrida and Slavoj Žižek. Derrida has added to Copernicus, Darwin and Freud the name of Karl Marx as the fourth, disrupting one, defining his blow ‘in the name of the revolution’ as a much worse one, putting us today as Marx’s heirs in the position of debt and mourning. Derrida used the Freudian reading of Marx’s blow concerning the horrors of the October revolution, Stalinism, holocaust etc., while Slavoj Žižek – also relating Freud to Marx – examined the succession of Copernicus, Darwin and Freud by ‘many others’. The presentation focuses on Žižek’s idea of these ‘many others’, putting it in the context of Lacan’s return to Freud and prolonging it regarding the feminist revolution. The conclusion is made that Žižek’s elaboration of Lacan’s return of Freud, without and beyond the Lacanian feminist-psychoanalytic insistence on the centrality of sexual difference, can be understood as Žižek’s unfinished Copernican revolution.
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Polish translation of Georg Groddeck scientific essay "It and the Psychoanalysis" (1925).
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Psychoanalysis applied in history developed as the method and interpretative model which searches for the function of the unconscious as it is evidenced in various manifestations such as the life-styles, adaptation, creativity, character, slips of the tongue, hearing and writing, dreams, neuroses and psychoses, human action and its inhibitions. One of its primary postulates is that the unconscious »demands hearing and will not to be silenced«, fill the whole truth about man and his world is to be reached. As every history, this field encompasses the importance of the beginnings, antecedents and rehearsal models. This is exemplified by the significance given to the role of history of childhood, family, collective biography and prosopography. Present-day reality is constantly interreacting with the personal and social realities which are linked in the unconscious. The elucidation of these links is achieved by the use of psychoanalysis. Psychoanalytic history gives due place to the role of aggressivity, sexuality, passions, fantasy and emotional states of the inner world of examined or studied subjects. It rejects the myth of a sexuality and innocence of either child, adult, male or female. Psychoanalysis is able to provide the latent content behind the manifest fantasies and meanings perceived by the historian. When used in an expert way, psychoanalysis provides the psycho-historian with a powerful research tool to recognize the psychological dimensions of historical events and human past.
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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the theoretical relationship between translational science and music. The relationship between science and music has been of great interest to philosophers, historians, and musicologists for centuries. From a sociological perspective, we argue that science and music are closely linked at the level of everyday life in contemporary biomedical science. Translational science is a scientific movement that aims to facilitate the efficient application of bio-medical research to the design and delivery of clinical services, and a qualitative approach inspired by symbolic interactionism provides the opportunity to examine the place of the scientist in this movement. The concept of the existential self provides a useful platform for this examination insofar as the reflexive nature of the "existential self" is the way the person’s experience of individuality is affected by and in turn affects organizational change. An ongoing qualitative study of an NIH-funded program in translational science has found that music can serve to help scientists maintain a "balanced self" in light of new expectations placed upon them and their work. We identify six ways in which scientists can use music to enhance their sense of self and their work.
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